Evaluation of the effect of flocculation on harvesting of microalgae Nannochloropsis sp

Microalgae have recently emerged as an attractive source of products for the food, energy and pharmaceutical industries due to their high biomass productivity, metabolic versatility and environmental sustainability. This work focuses on the effect of flocculation on the harvesting of microalgae Nannochloropsissp. Through a three-factor experimental design. The most suitable conditions for flocculation were determined based on flocculant (AlCl3) dosage, pH and culture time. In addition, flocculant adding-pH adjustment methods were studied and harvesting was performed according to the method that provided the best results. The pH adjustment after flocculant addition showed higher flocculation efficiency (above 90%) compared to the reverse process. It was also found that the microalgae cells exhibited spontaneous sedimentation, suggesting that the use of flocculant is not required for biomass collection

APROVECHAMIENTO ENERGÉTICO DE LA BIOMASA RESIDUAL DEL SECTOR AVÍCOLA

RESUMENEl sector avícola en Colombia ha tenido un alto crecimiento en los últimos años. Este desarrollo comercial también ha tenido influencia en los sistemas de producción ya que exige a los empresarios tecnificar y optimizar las prácticas de saneamiento y tratamiento de residuos. Una granja promedio produce alrededor de 150000 aves por ciclo y 507 toneladas de pollinaza o estiércol seco. Esta cantidad de residuos es actualmente compostada o reutilizada en los galpones luego de un proceso de desinfección. El presente trabajo estudia y analiza la tecnología de gasificación para pollinaza, que permite aprovechar el alto potencial energético de esta biomasa. El diseño conceptual propone un ciclo de operación con un rendimiento del 96,07% en el gasificador, produciendo un gas de composición molar 22,51% CO; 7,50% CO2; 9,20% H2; 60,74% N2 que genera 514,2 kW a partir de un flujo de alimento de 500 kg/h.Palabras claves: Pollinaza, Gasificación, Biomasa, Sector Avícola, Energía.ABSTRACTThe poultry industry in Colombia has had a high growth in recent years. This commercial development has also had influence on production systems because it requires tech entrepreneurs and optimizes the practices of sanitation and waste treatment. An average farm produces about 150000 birds per cycle and 507 tons of dry manure. This amount of waste is now composted or reused in the sheds after a disinfection process. This paper studies and analyzes the technology of gasification for waste poultry, which can take advantage of the high potential of this biomass energy. The conceptual design proposes an operation cycle with a yield of 96,07% in the gasifier, producing a gas mol composition 22,51% CO, 7,50% CO2, 9,20% H2, 60,74% N2 generated 514.2 kW from a stream food 500 kg/h.Keywords: Dry Manure, Gasification, Biomass, Poultry Industry, Energy

APROVECHAMIENTO ENERGÉTICO DE LA BIOMASA RESIDUAL DEL SECTOR AVÍCOLA

RESUMENEl sector avícola en Colombia ha tenido un alto crecimiento en los últimos años. Este desarrollo comercial también ha tenido influencia en los sistemas de producción ya que exige a los empresarios tecnificar y optimizar las prácticas de saneamiento y tratamiento de residuos. Una granja promedio produce alrededor de 150000 aves por ciclo y 507 toneladas de pollinaza o estiércol seco. Esta cantidad de residuos es actualmente compostada o reutilizada en los galpones luego de un proceso de desinfección. El presente trabajo estudia y analiza la tecnología de gasificación para pollinaza, que permite aprovechar el alto potencial energético de esta biomasa. El diseño conceptual propone un ciclo de operación con un rendimiento del 96,07% en el gasificador, produciendo un gas de composición molar 22,51% CO; 7,50% CO2; 9,20% H2; 60,74% N2 que genera 514,2 kW a partir de un flujo de alimento de 500 kg/h.Palabras claves: Pollinaza, Gasificación, Biomasa, Sector Avícola, Energía.ABSTRACTThe poultry industry in Colombia has had a high growth in recent years. This commercial development has also had influence on production systems because it requires tech entrepreneurs and optimizes the practices of sanitation and waste treatment. An average farm produces about 150000 birds per cycle and 507 tons of dry manure. This amount of waste is now composted or reused in the sheds after a disinfection process. This paper studies and analyzes the technology of gasification for waste poultry, which can take advantage of the high potential of this biomass energy. The conceptual design proposes an operation cycle with a yield of 96,07% in the gasifier, producing a gas mol composition 22,51% CO, 7,50% CO2, 9,20% H2, 60,74% N2 generated 514.2 kW from a stream food 500 kg/h.Keywords: Dry Manure, Gasification, Biomass, Poultry Industry, Energy

Effect of Flocculation Technology on Lipids, Carbohydrates and Proteins and Extraction from Chlorella vulgaris

Nowadays, Chlorella vulgaris has emerged as an attractive source of metabolites such as lipids, proteins and carbohydrates, which are widely applied to obtain high value products. This work is focused on evaluating the effect of flocculation on metabolites recovery from Chlorella vulgaris microalgae biomass. Carbohydrates were extracted through acid and alkaline hydrolysis in order to identify the efficiency of these treatments for cell wall disruption. Protein quantification was carried out under alkaline conditions and lipids were recovered by solvent extraction with hexane. It was found that carbohydrate recovery was higher using centrifuged biomass (40.55%) than flocculated biomass (24.31%) by acid treatment, while alkaline treatment exhibited yield of 20.37% and 13.19%, respectively. In addition, efficiency of 53.75% and 32.27% in protein recovery was obtained from both centrifuged and flocculated biomass. The highest lipid extraction yield (54.2%) was achieved using acid hydrolysis and hexane solvent route when centrifuged biomass was used as metabolite source. These results suggested that flocculation affect significantly the efficiency of metabolites extraction

Improvement of Biorefinery Efficiency for Microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. via Harvesting Technology Evaluation

Recently, microalgal biomass has attached much attention due to the wide diversity of compounds synthesized from different metabolic pathways. This work attempts to study metabolites recovery from Nannochloropsis sp. biomass concentrated by centrifugation and flocculation. Carbohydrates were obtained using acid and alkaline hydrolysis required for cell disruption. Protein extraction was performed after alkaline pretreatment and lipids were recovery by acid hydrolysis- Soxhlet and alkaline hydrolysis- Soxhlet extraction routes. It was found that carbohydrates were recovered by acid hydrolysis in 41 % and 35.39 % for centrifuged and flocculated biomass, respectively, values higher than thus reported using alkaline hydrolysis. For protein extraction, centrifuged biomass exhibited higher recovery yield (55.48%) than flocculated biomass (38.40%). The lipid extraction route that achieved highest yield (43.45%) was acid hydrolysis with HCl followed by Soxhlet extraction with hexane. In addition, statistical analysis by T test suggested that flocculants affect negatively biomass culture, hence, efficiency of metabolites extraction

Development of a Selective Method for Metabolites Extraction from Microalgae Biomass

Background: The production of biofuel and high value products from microalgae exhibits difficulties that have been widely studied to develop viable, efficient and economic methods for recovering metabolites. Objectives: This work is focused on evaluating experimental methods to obtain carbohydrates, proteins and lipids by varying process variables (solvent concentration, temperature, biomass/solvent ratio and moisture content). Methods/Analysis: Carbohydrate and proteins were extracted by acid and alkaline hydrolysis to study the effect of biomass moisture on recovery of these metabolites. Lipids were obtained using hexane and methanol-chloroform methods and its quantification was performed by gravimetric analysis. Findings: It was found that 41.96% and 49.77% of carbohydrates were recovered from C. vulgaris using biomass without thermal pretreatment by acid and alkaline hydrolysis, respectively. Regarding to lipid extraction, hexane was used as solvent for recovering 18.22% of lipids from C. vulgaris. In addition, results suggested that dehydrating biomass at 105°C reduces recovery of high value products. Novelty/Improvement: This study proposes a selective method for extracting metabolites, which enhances efficiency of recovery when is carried out under suitable conditions of biomass moisture, time and solvent volume

Evaluation of the effect of flocculation on harvesting of microalgaenannochloropsis SP

Microalgae have recently emerged as an attractive source of products for the food, energy and pharmaceutical industries due to their high biomass productivity, metabolic versatility and environmental sustainability. This work focuses on the effect of flocculation on the harvesting of microalgae Nannochloropsissp. Through a three-factor experimental design. The most suitable conditions for flocculation were determined based on flocculant (AlCl3) dosage, pH and culture time. In addition, flocculant adding-pH adjustment methods were studied and harvesting was performed according to the method that provided the best results. The pH adjustment after flocculant addition showed higher flocculation efficiency (above 90%) compared to the reverse process. It was also found that the microalgae cells exhibited spontaneous sedimentation, suggesting that the use of flocculant is not required for biomass collection