The best pH of elution buffer for purification of recombinant fusion Teriparatide with Ni2+ affinity chromatography in denaturing condition

The first 34 amino acids of parathyroid hormone has complete activity of 84 amino acids parathormone and is produced as recombinant form, teriparatide. This recombinant peptide drug increases bone density leads to fracture risk reduction. This drug has been used for treatment of osteoporosis in women and men. A new 115 amino acids teriparatide fusion protein was purified from total protein of host cell with elution buffer in different pHs. Introduction: Proteins are widely used in pharmacology, medicine, diagnostics and researches. Escherichia coli is one of the most frequently used hosts for recombinant drug production. Consequently, purification of recombinant protein expressed in this host is very important. This study was done to find the best pH of elution buffer for purification of recombinant teriparatide fusion protein expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3). For this purpose, elution stage was performed in 3 different pHs. Methods and Results: Teriparatide fusion protein was purified with nickel affinity chromatography in denaturing buffers with different pHs. There are 3specified steps in this type of chromatography includes interacting between the fusion protein and the positive nickel ions of the resin, washing the host proteins, and to finish eluting the fusion protein. Non-specific proteins were eliminated from the column with pH 6.3 washing buffer [100mM NaH2PO4, 10mM Tris buffer, 8M Urea, 20mM 2-Mercaptoethanol] and recombinant  fusion teriparatide has the His-tag  was eluted via elution buffers [as same as washing buffer] in 3 states with 3 pHs of 5.8, 4.6 and 4.2.The micro Bradford test was done in all mentioned stages. As a final point, the samples were flow thrown, washed and eluted observed in SDS-PAGE. Conclusions: Six histidin residues in N-terminal of fusion teriparatide sequence were interacted easily with the positively charged nickel ions of resin. In this way, the recombinant fusion protein, teriparatide, was hold in the resin at pHs higher than His-tag pI (5.1) and disconnected from the resin at pH slower than it. In this work, major amounts of teriparatide were exited from column at pH 4.6

Design of antisense oligonucleotides against twist1 gene and evaluation of their anti-invasive effects in prostate cancer cell lines

Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second major cause of mortality in men. Different researches have shown that the overexpression of a gene called twist1 leads to initiation of metastasis process in this cancer. TWIST1 protein triggers this process through stimulating the transition pathway of cells from epithelial to mesenchymal tissue.Materials and Methods: In this study, four oligonucleotides of antisense RNA have been designed for twist1 gene, and its anti-metastatic effect was examined in two cell lines PC3 and LNCaP. The antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) were designed as single strands with a length of 20 nucleotides and chosen from ASOs suggested by Soligo program. The ASOs were synthesized in phosphorothioated form. MTT assay was used for evaluating the ASOs cytotoxicity effect on PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. The cell lines were transfected with 500 nmol of antisense oligonucleotides using cationic polymer turbofect and incubated for 48 hours, and then, their invasive ability were measured by CytoSelect™ Cell Invasion Assay Kit.Results: The anti-invasive effect of ASOs in LNCaP and PC3 had a significant difference. This effect was more significant in LNCaP cell line as compared to PC3. The most anti- invasive effect was observed in LNCaP cell line (50%).Conclusion: According to the results, Antisense oligonucleotides were effective in decreasing the invasion ability of two cell lines PC3 and LNCaP and therfore can be considered as a good candidate for preventing the prostate cancer metastasis.

Technology development in the country with the revision of engineering courses curriculum

Attention to innovation and technology are important factors in increasing a countny,s economic growth and competitiveness. There is no doubt that science and technology are the most basic elements of economic development, and successful countries are those that convert scientific and technological innovations into wealth. Iran must continually strive to manufacture industrial products based on science and technology, in order to not only keep pace with the world’s rapid growth but also accelerate the country's economic development. The university’s role in the countries planning and management is mainly in technology development and is undergoing serious changes. With the improvement of science, technology, and the globalization of engineering education, the necessity for a continuous review of goals, structures, and new methods in engineering education is felt more than ever. In this article current global technology will be presented, followed by an evaluation of the Iran’s current training for personnel in the field of technology. By studying and verifying undergraduate and postgraduate courses in five selected engineering departments, including Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Chemical Engineering, and Polymer Engineering, shortages are extracted, analyzed, and several suggestions are presented to empower engineering students. Finally, the most effective ways to strengthen the relationship between industries and universities are studied, with a view to identify more useful and efficient technology for engineering courses. Key words: engineering education, technology, innovation, undergraduate courses, postgraduate courses, training course

Bacterial contamination of platelet products in the Blood Transfusion Center of Isfahan, Iran

Aim: Overall the risk of transfusion transmitted infections has decreased, especially viral infections like HIV and hepatitis B and C. Bacterial contamination of blood and its cellular components, however, remains a common microbiological cause of transfusion associated morbidity and mortality. Platelets pose a special risk given their preservation methods. The incidence of these episodes needs to be assessed and updated on regular basis to accurately manage the risk of transfusion transmitted bacterial infections.Method: 2,000 platelet samples from the Blood Transfusion Center of were examined randomly during a 5-month period by bacterial culture and molecular tests. Four platelet samples were found to be contaminated with bacteria, giving a rate of contamination of 500 (0.2%) of tested platelets. Isolated bacteria included one each of , , and . Conclusion: Our study underlines the need for additional safety procedures like bacterial screening and pathogen reduction technology to further decrease the risk of transfusion associated bacterial infections

The role of emotional contagion dimensions on depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder of hospital staff during Covid-19 epidemic

Background and Objective: Various studies have investigated the role of emotional contagion in various emotional disorders, but the role of emotional contagion dimensions in the psychological symptoms during the Covid-19 epidemic has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the dimensions of emotional contagion on depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder of hospital staff during the Covid-19 epidemic. Materials and Methods: This was cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. The present study population consisted of hospital staff of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences who were selected by convenience and with the help of inclusion criteria in the winter of 1399 that 200 people were selected by Convenience Sampling and measured by Depression Anxiety Scale (DASS)(PTSD check list for DSM5 (PCL-5) and the Emotional contagion Scale. Results: The dimensions of emotional contagion can explain 18% of the variable changes in the criterion of depression. The dimensions of emotional contagion can explain 28% of the variable changes in the anxiety criterion. The dimensions of emotional contagion can explain 43% of the variable changes in the post-traumatic stress disorder criterion. Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that education about emotional contagion and awareness of its effect on psychological problems play an important role in improving the psychological condition of hospital staff in pandemic conditions. &nbsp

Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of synthetic peptides identified from Kluyveromyces marxianus protein hydrolysate : insight into the molecular mechanism

Antioxidant peptide obtained from Kluyveromyces marxianus protein hydrolysate, VLSTSFPPK (VL-9) and peptide analogues were synthesized chemically and analyzed for in vitro and cellular antioxidant activity. VLSTSFCPK (VCK-9), VLSTSFYPK (VYK-9), VLSTSFPPY (VY-9) and VLSTSFPPW(VW-9) showed the highest DPPH radical, ABTS radical cation scavenging and ferric reducing activities. VCK-9, VYK-9 and STSFPPK (SK-7) showed cytoprotective effects against Caco2 cells under H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The positive role of peptides in the protection of cells was shown to be due to scavenging free radicals, activation of Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway that may lead to overexpression of antioxidant enzyme genes and also increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) due to direct interaction with enzymes and changing their conformation. Altogether, pretreatment of cells under oxidative stress with VCK-9, VYK-9 and SK-7 led to decreasing the level of lipid and protein oxidation and cell apoptosis and increasing the cell viability

The Relationship Between Workplace Spirituality, Job Satisfaction and Attitude Toward Death Among the Staff of the Emergency Department

Background: The present study was carried out aimed to examine the relationship between workplace spirituality and job satisfaction. It also aimed to determine the intermediary role of attitude toward death among emergency department staff in Shiraz city. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and correlation study, the statistical population included 90 staff of the Shiraz Emergency department who were selected through simple random sampling in 2016-2017. Spirituality questionnaires in the workplace, life satisfaction and attitude towards death were used in this research, and the data were analyzed by SPSS and EMOS software. Results: The results of the data analysis indicated that workplace spirituality had a negative effect (β=-0.32, P=0.001) on neutral acceptance and a positive effect (β=0.21, P=0.03) on active acceptance and life satisfaction (β=0.19, P=0.05). Furthermore, out of the attitudes toward death scales, only neutral acceptance could play a mediating role between workplace spirituality and life satisfaction (β=-0.27, P=0.00). Model fitting indicators show that the model has a good fit (X2=0.86, GFA=0.97, CFI=0.99). Conclusion: The results show that workplace spirituality is compatible with life satisfaction and the mediating role of attitude toward death among the staff of the emergency department