Influence of prosthetic joint line position on outcome after total knee replacement

Background: The current study had been designed so as to assess whether joint line elevation and change in patellar tendon length influences knee flexion after primary cruciate retaining TKR.Methods: This prospective study involved patients with advanced degenerative joint disease involving one or both knees who presented to the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. Exclusion criteria were any prior knee surgery. Surgery was performed under tourniquet with standard medial para-patellar arthrotomy to expose all our knees. In the study radiological assessment was done by true lateral X-ray view of knee in 30 degree of flexion. We choose Caton-Deschamps indices (CI) for diagnosis of post TKR patella infera and joint line elevation. CI<0.6 was defined as patella infera (normal range of CI 0.60-1.45). After all data collection comparison was done between joint line elevation versus without joint line elevation patients (with/without patellar tendon shortening) range of movement.Results: Total of 100 patients (72 females and 28 males) with 176 knees (bilateral=76, unilateral=24) who fulfilled the above said criteria involved in study. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 64.4 years with range of 54 years to 80 years. The average follow up of 24 months, with minimum follow up of 18 months. Average range of motion (ROM) in NO Joint line elevation/patella tendon shortening patient measured 107.2°, and joint line elevation with patellar tendon shortening (prior patella infera) and joint line elevation without patella tendon shortening(prior patella infera) patient average ROM was measured 86.7 and 87.8 degree respectively.Conclusions: In our study patellar tendon shortening and joint line elevation reduces ROM knee. Mechanical factors also explain the association between joint line elevation and patellar tendon length with range of motion. Reduction in length of extensor apparatus reduces the range of flexion

Physiological and biochemical study of over-ripened oocyte in the cultivated Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) and determination of egg quality markers

To determine the best time for egg stripping after ovulation and over-ripened oocyte in the Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius), the eggs were retained in the parental abdominal cavity for 40 days post-ovulation (DPO) at 7±0.6°C. Eggs were stripped every 10-day interval in 4 treatment and were fertilized with a pool of semen obtained from 8 males. Also, the physiology and biochemistry of the eggs and ovarian fluids were studied. Results showed that the level of eyed eggs and hatched alevins declined with over-ripening time: that is, the expected amounts (90.65 ± 6.28% for eyeing and 86.33 ± 6.82% for hatching) in newly ovulated eggs (0–10 DPO) decreased to 0.67 ± 1.34% and 0.49 ± 0.98%, respectively, in over-ripened eggs (30–40 DPO). However, larval abnormalities remained constant for 30-days after ovulation. During the course of oocyte over-ripening, the pH of the ovarian fluid significantly decreased and the concentration of glucose, protein, calcium, iron, and aspartate aminotransferase activity significantly increased. Moreover, the concentration of protein, triglycerides, and aspartate aminotransferase activity in the eggs also changed. In the newly ovulated egg, the yolk consisted of homogenous tissue and its perivitelline space diameter had no considerable differences. With over-ripening, the yolk became heterogeneous, while chorion diameter and micropyle did not change. The perivitelline space diameter varied among different areas. The present study demonstrated that the best time to take Caspian brown trout eggs after ovulation at 7± 0.6°C was up to 10 DPO. Among the studied parameters of the egg and ovarian fluid, egg quality was related to both ovarian fluid parameters (e.g., pH, protein, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, iron) and egg parameters (e.g., cholesterol, triglycerides, iron, aspartate aminotransferase). Thus, these parameters can be used as a egg quality markers in this species

A business plan for Wheat State Distilling

Master of AgribusinessDepartment of Agricultural EconomicsMajor Professor Not ListedThis thesis was written as a business plan for the purpose of securing funds for a new micro distillery. Wheat State Distilling is an artisan distillery, manufacturing and selling premium hand-crafted spirits from the regions finest ingredients. I plan to distill premium vodka, whisky, bourbon, rum, gin and liqueurs as well as a luxury line of reserve products. Kansas established a micro-distillery license in July 2012 that opens up the market to this new type of business. The micro-distillery trend is growing across the U.S. and I plan to establish myself as a key player in the region. I will be entering the market early in the industry’s life cycle when consumer interest and demand are high. The proposed location in Wichita Kansas takes advantage of the largest city in Kansas with a metro area population of 630,721 in 2011. The location has visible signage from Interstate 135. The distillery will offer tours and a tasting room. We are able to give customers free samples and sell cocktails to induce purchase. We will use direct sales as well as restaurant and liquor store sales thru distributors. I will be marketing my premium products to upper-middle class and wealthy consumers. My extensive product line will allow marketing to a wide age range and to both sexes. We will focus on online and social media as well as distributor incentives and in-store promotions. Participation in local and regional events for sampling and advertising will increases brand awareness. Analysis of monthly production levels of each of the proposed product has been completed to maximize profits considering time and equipment constraints, cost of inputs and sale price. Regression analysis has been completed examining many factors that contribute to the selling price of micro distilled spirits. Financial models for years one through ten with risk analysis are included. If I reach my sales goals of 25,000 cases per year by year five, which is equal to my closest competition, High Plains Distilling, there is a potential for $548,500 or more per year in profit. I am seeking a loan for$300,000

Days away from work injury and associated factors among waste collectors in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia

Introduction: In most cities of low-income countries, waste management procedures are characterized by the dominance of manual labor tasks, which therefore exposes waste professionals to numerous occupational hazards of variable nature, occurring at every stage of the waste management process. This study is aimed at investigating the days away from work injuries and associated factors among organized waste collectors in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia. Method: Cross-sectional study design was used from June 1 to 30, 2017. A pre-tested questionnaire and observation checklist was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS for windows 20.0. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression methods were used to describe the study population and assess the association between dependent and independent variables, respectively. Result: In this study, 279 waste collectors were involved as a study participant. Sixty-nine (69.5%) of the participants were female. Ten percent of the workers reported they had experienced at least one day away from work injuries during the last twelve months. Sex, marital status, personal protective equipment utilization, and monthly salary were statistically associated with an injury. Conclusion: Days away from work injury among waste collectors is a public health problem and might have the economic and social well-being of the workers. Thus, strengthening the provision of personal protective devices and ensuring its utilization is highly recommended

Anterior referencing versus posterior referencing in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective observational study

Background: Femoral component rotation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is essential for patella-femoral tracking, flexion gap balance and normal kinematic function of the knee. The two referencing techniques used for sizing and adjudging the femoral rotation are anterior referencing (AR) and posterior referencing (PR).The current study was designed so as to identify which referencing system determines the femoral rotation more accurately.Methods: This study involved 34 consecutive patients (22 females and 12 males) with 60 osteoarthritic knees (bilateral=26; unilateral =8) who satisfied the inclusion criteria. The trans-epicondylar axis, was taken as gold standard to adjudge the correct femoral rotation and was marked as E. The axis of rotation as per anterior instrumentation (A), and as per posterior instrumentation (P) were marked and compared as to which of the axis (A or P) was parallel to E.Results: A was always parallel to E, however P was parallel to E in 42 knees. In 18 knees (6 with valgoid deformity, 12 with hypertrophic osteoarthritis involving the medial femoral condyle), P and E tend to converge laterally, suggestive of excessive internal rotation. Conclusions: Anterior referencing determines femoral rotation more accurately than posterior referencing for knees with severe valgoid deformity or those with hypertrophic osteoarthritis involving the overgrowth of medial femoral condyle

Innovation embraces Tradition – The Technology Impact on Interpretation of Cultural Heritage

This article presents a current EU project on the methods of interpretation of European cultural heritage in the context of tourism. Around 453 cultural heritage sites are on the UNESCO World Heritage List within Europe [1]. Europe's cultural heritage is very diverse. This is by no means just about museums, castles or theatres; tradition and customs are also part of Europe's cultural heritage. As an essential part of the collective European memory, it is important to preserve this diversity.On the other side, the influence of new information and communication technologies (ICT) is increasing in all areas of society.How could the potentials of new developments within technology be instrumentalized within the interpretation of cultural heritage? To what extent does fintech (finance technology) tools like crowdfunding also play a decisive role in the interpretation of cultural heritage along with make it financially sustainable to align private and public interests? Based on a research project, the authors want to give empirical proposals of the usability of modern devices and technologies in the use of heritage interpretation and tourism marketing

Die Bestimmung der γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase im Urin von nierengesunden und nierenkranken Personen mit einer automatischen kinetischen Methode

Peer Reviewe

Biochemical and histological studies of over-ripened oocyte in the Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) to determine biomarkers for egg quality

The aims of the present study were to determine the best time for egg stripping after ovulation and to study oocyte over-ripening in the Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Eggs were retained in the female abdominal cavity for 40 days post ovulation (DPO). Partial volumes of eggs stripped from 10 individually identified females at 10 days intervals and fertilized with a pool of semen obtained from 8 males. The biochemistry and histology of the eggs and the biochemistry of the ovarian fluid were studied. The eyeing and hatching rate of the eggs declined with over-ripening time, which decreased from 90.60±6.28% for eyeing and 86.33±6.82% for hatching in newly ovulated eggs (0–10 DPO) to 1.34±0.67% for eyeing and 0.98±0.49% for hatching in over-ripened eggs (30–40 DPO). However, larval abnormalities remained constant for 30 days after ovulation. During the course of oocyte over-ripening, the pH of the ovarian fluid significantly decreased and the concentration of glucose, protein, calcium, iron, and aspartate aminotransferase activity significantly increased. Moreover, the concentration of protein, triglycerides, and aspartate aminotransferase activity in the eggs changed with over-ripening. In the newly ovulated eggs, the yolk consisted of homogenous tissue and its perivitelline space diameter had no considerable differences. With over-ripening, the yolk became heterogeneous, and while chorion diameter did not change, the perivitelline space diameter varied among different areas. The present study demonstrated that the best time to take Caspian brown trout eggs after ovulation at 7±0.6°C was up to 10 DPO. Among the studied parameters of the egg and ovarian fluid, egg quality was related to both ovarian fluid parameters (pH, protein, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium) and egg parameters (iron, aspartate aminotransferase), suggesting that these parameters can be used as egg quality biomarkers for Caspian brown trout

Availability and Utilization of Sanitation facilities in Enderta district, Tigray, Ethiopia.

Introduction: In spite of concerted efforts by governmental and non-governmental organizations, water and adequate sanitation are still remained a challenge worldwide. Therefore, this study assessed the availability and utilization of sanitation facilities in Enderta district of Tigray, Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2016. An interview and observation were conducted in a total of 450 households. An interviewer administered questionnaire and observation checklist were used to collect the data. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify the predictors of availability and utilization of latrine, hand washing, and drinking water.Results: Out of 450 households, only 68.4% had latrine of which only 21.4% had hand washing facility near the toilet. Likewise, only 9.3% washed their hand after toilet. However, all households had access to improved water source.  The proper utilization was low in which 53%, 42.4% and 36.2% of households utilize latrine, hand washing, and water properly, respectively. The family size and getting sanitation information from health care providers, health extension workers, and health development army had a positive effect on availability and utilization.Conclusion: Though Community-Led total sanitation and hygiene approach has been implemented in the study area, the availability and proper utilization of latrine, and hand washing are still low. And, only a few were used drinking water properly. The education or information on hygienic practices found to affect the availability and utilization of the sanitation facilities positively. Therefore, strengthening the health extension workers and health development army to provide sustainable education and health information is needed