Designing colloidal ground state patterns using short-range isotropic interactions

DNA-coated colloids are a popular model system for self-assembly through tunable interactions. The DNA-encoded linkages between particles theoretically allow for very high specificity, but generally no directionality or long-range interactions. We introduce a two-dimensional lattice model for particles of many different types with short-range isotropic interactions that are pairwise specific. For this class of models, we address the fundamental question whether it is possible to reliably design the interactions so that the ground state is unique and corresponds to a given crystal structure. First, we determine lower limits for the interaction range between particles, depending on the complexity of the desired pattern and the underlying lattice. Then, we introduce a `recipe' for determining the pairwise interactions that exactly satisfies this minimum criterion, and we show that it is sufficient to uniquely determine the ground state for a large class of crystal structures. Finally, we verify these results using Monte Carlo simulations.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure

Pengaruh Pajak, Exchange Rate, Tunneling Incentive, dan Leverage terhadap Transfer Pricing (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Aneka Industri yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2012-2016)

This study aims to determine the effect of tax, exchange rate, tunneling incentive, and leverage to transfer pricing. Dependent variable in this study is transfer pricing which is proxied with the value from a related party transaction (RPT) of sale. The independent variables in this study are tax, exchange rate, tunneling incentive, and leverage.           This study took the secondary data in financial statements or annual reports that have been published by companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study are all the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2016. This study took manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange as sample, especially the various industry sectors from years 2012-2016. Sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling method. The total number of sample in this study is 35 firm years from seven companies. The analytical method used was logistic regression analysis using SPSS program version 16.           The results of the analysis in this study indicate that tax, exchange rate, and tunneling incentive have no significant effect on transfer pricing, whereas leverage has a significant positive effect on transfer pricing.   Keywords: Transfer Pricing, Tax, Exchange Rate, Incentive Tunneling, Leverage

Microtubule length distributions in the presence of protein-induced severing

Microtubules are highly regulated dynamic elements of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. One of the regulation mechanisms observed in living cells is the severing by the proteins katanin and spastin. We introduce a model for the dynamics of microtubules in the presence of randomly occurring severing events. Under the biologically motivated assumption that the newly created plus end undergoes a catastrophe, we investigate the steady state length distribution. We show that the presence of severing does not affect the number of microtubules, regardless of the distribution of severing events. In the special case in which the microtubules cannot recover from the depolymerizing state (no rescue events) we derive an analytical expression for the length distribution. In the general case we transform the problem into a single ODE that is solved numerically.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya (Cost Effectiveness Analysis) Pada Pasien Apendisitis Di RSU Pancaran Kasih Gmim Manado

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA (COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS) PADA PASIEN APENDISITIS DI RSU PANCARAN KASIH GMIM MANADOBela Santika Sari1), Gayatri Citraningtyas1), Defny S. Wewengkang1)1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACT Appendicitis is a disease caused by obstruction of the appendix lumen by various things such as worms, hardened stools, or foreign objects (seeds) resulting in inflammation. Treatment of appendicitis often uses the antibiotic ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. The objective of this study was to determine the more cost-effective treatment between the use of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime antibiotics in appendicitis patients. This research uses descriptive research method with retrospective data retrieval. The sample in this study consisted of 23 patient comprise of 7 samples of patients using ceftriaxone and 16 patients samples using cefotaxime. The results of this study obtained from the comparison of ACER value of ACER seftriaxon value (Rp 411.586 / day) is smaller than the value of ACER cefotaxime (Rp 431,844 / day), so the use of more cost-effective antibiotics is ceftriaxone compared to cefotaxime. Keywords: Cost Effectiveness Analysis, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, AppendicitisABSTRAK Apendisitis adalah penyakit yang ditimbulkan akibat tersumbatnya lumen apendiks oleh berbagai hal seperti cacing, kotoran penderita yang mengeras, atau benda asing (biji) sehingga terjadi peradangan. Pengobatan apendisitis sering menggunakan antibiotik seftriakson dan sefotaksim. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk untuk menentukan terapi yang lebih cost-effective antara penggunaan antibiotik seftriakson dan sefotaksim pada pasien apendisitis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 23 sampel pasien yaitu 7 sampel pasien menggunakan seftriakson dan 16 sampel pasien menggunakan sefotaksim. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh dari perbandingan nilai ACER yaitu nilai ACER seftriakson (Rp. 411

Bias in culture-independent assessments of microbial biodiversity in the global ocean

On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the SAR11 clade of marine bacteria has almost universal distribution, being detected as abundant sequences in all marine provinces. Yet SAR11 sequences are rarely detected in fosmid libraries, suggesting that the widespread abundance may be an artefact of PCR cloning and that SAR 11 has a relatively low abundance. Here the relative abundance of SAR11 is explored in both a fosmid library and a metagenomic sequence data set from the same biological community taken from fjord surface water from Bergen, Norway. Pyrosequenced data and 16S clone data confirmed an 11-15% relative abundance of SAR11 within the community. In contrast not a single SAR11 fosmid was identified in a pooled shotgun sequenced data set of 100 fosmid clones. This under-representation was evidenced by comparative abundances of SAR11 sequences assessed by taxonomic annotation; functional metabolic profiling and fragment recruitment. Analysis revealed a similar under-representation of low-GC Flavobacteriaceae. We speculate that the fosmid bias may be due to DNA fragmentation during preparation due to the low GC content of SAR11 sequences and other underrepresented taxa. This study suggests that while fosmid libraries can be extremely useful, caution must be used when directly inferring community composition from metagenomic fosmid libraries

Pengaruh Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan Terhadap Citra Perusahaan Pada PT. Toba Pulp Lestari Porsea

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on corporate image. The case study took place in PT. Toba Pulp Lestari. The research population was 30 families or about 90 people in the Desa Siruar, Parmaksian Porsea District; and used purposive sampling as the sampling technique, resulted in 70 people as respondents. Data analysis in this research is Simple Linear regression. The result shows that Corporate Social Responsibility has a positive and significant effect on corporate image. Conclusion, limitations and suggestions for future research are explained

On the size and shape of excluded volume polymers confined between parallel plates

A number of recent experiments have provided detailed observations of the configurations of long DNA strands under nano-to-micrometer sized confinement. We therefore revisit the problem of an excluded volume polymer chain confined between two parallel plates with varying plate separation. We show that the non-monotonic behavior of the overall size of the chain as a function of plate-separation, seen in computer simulations and reproduced by earlier theories, can already be predicted on the basis of scaling arguments. However, the behavior of the size in a plane parallel to the plates, a quantity observed in recent experiments, is predicted to be monotonic, in contrast to the experimental findings. We analyze this problem in depth with a mean-field approach that maps the confined polymer onto an anisotropic Gaussian chain, which allows the size of the polymer to be determined separately in the confined and unconfined directions. The theory allows the analytical construction of a smooth cross-over between the small plate-separation de Gennes regime and the large plate-separation Flory regime. The results show good agreement with Langevin dynamics simulations, and confirm the scaling predictions.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure

Efektivitas Air Rebusan Daun Sirih Merah terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Saling 2018

Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit kronik yang terjadi akibat pankreas tidak mampu menghasilkan insulin yang cukup atau ketika tubuh tidak dapat secara efektif menggunakan insulin tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari efektivitas pemberian air rebusan daun sirih merah terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pasien Diabetes Melitus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Saling Kabupaten Empat Lawang Tahun 2018. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasy eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan The One Group Pretest – Postest Design, teknik pengambilan data menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien Diabetes Melitus di Puskesmas Saling pada bulan Juli-Agustus tahun 2018 berjumlah 16 orang, pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan Accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian, dari 16 penderita Diabetes Melitus terdapat 9 orang (56.2%) dengan kadar gula darah kurang dari 200 mg/dl. Hasil uji Wilcoxon Sign Rank didapat nilai Z=-3,517 dengan p=0,000<0,05 berarti signifikan. Jadi kedua variabel memiliki median yang berbeda, ada perbedaan Kadar GDS pasien Diabetes Melitus sebelum dan setelah pemberian air rebusan daun sirih merah. Kesimpulan, Air rebusan daun sirih merah efektif secara signifikan terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus. Diharapkan bagi petugas Puskesmas agar kiranya dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dengan cara penyuluhan tentang daun sirih merah sebagai obat Non Farmakologi bagi penderita Diabetes Melitus yang tidak mengalami komplikasi