Exploring Commuting for Work in Kuala Lumpur

Many workers face challenges in suburban areas when commuting to the urban areas from home to work. Public transportation is a fundamental component of efficient transportation in urban areas. Efficient transportation will increase economic opportunity, accessibility, and social development. This paper explored the characteristics of commuting behavior of the workers in the Klang Valley who commute to work in Kuala Lumpur, including their choice of transportation modes and the challenges they faced in traveling from home to work. This study engaged a mixed methodology where data were collected from 709 respondents voluntarily. The survey was initiated in December 2020 and lasted for six months. The respondents were approached through voluntary face-to-face and electronic means. Interviews were conducted with 14 key informants in April 2021 with workers from various backgrounds who commute to work every day. The interviews were done one-on-one. The result showed that the likelihood of choosing public transport over driving privately owned car was unfavorable where most individuals stated that the public transportation was insufficient; they had to take more than one modes to reach their workplace, and the facilities provided were insufficient for them to choose public transportation for commuting to work. These results shown that the urban workers in Kuala Lumpur preferred to drive to work rather than using public vehicles. This shows that Malaysians, especially in urban areas such as Kuala Lumpur, are not ready to adapt to SDG 11. Therefore, the government needs to create more initiatives to encourage the use of public transport

THE GIS AND SWOT ANALYSIS FOR THE LANGUAGE IN TOURISM: A STUDY ON THE LOCAL DIALECT IN MUAR, JOHOR, MALAYSIA.

Malaysia is fortunate to have a diverse range of cultures and languages. Nonetheless, there are limitation of previous studies conducted in Malaysia that emphasize on the value of local language, particularly on the distinctive local dialects in Malaysia. This research has two goals: first, to identify the local dialect of Muar along the Muar River through a Geographic Information System (GIS) software; second, using a SWOT analysis to determine the local dialect's potential as a tourism product with unique selling points for Muar, Johor, Malaysia. The qualitative technique was employed through interviews with locals in Muar. Two categories emerged from the findings: first, the Muar's distinct dialect is dispersed throughout the Muar River as shown by the GIS analysis. Second, based on the SWOT analysis, the information indicates that Muar's distinctive dialect around the Muar River will offer the locals a rich cultural legacy, which is considered a potential product for tourism in Muar. This research will add to the corpus of knowledge and help the local community to maintain Muar's distinctive dialect as a tourism offering

Automatic Summarization of Court Decision Documents Over Narcotic Cases Using BERT

Reviewing court decision documents for references in handling similar cases can be time-consuming. From this perspective, we need a system that can allow the summarization of court decision documents to enable adequate information extraction. This study used 50 court decision documents taken from the official website of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, with the cases raised being Narcotics and Psychotropics. The court decision document dataset was divided into two types, court decision documents with the identity of the defendant and court decision documents without the defendant's identity. We used BERT specific to the IndoBERT model to summarize the court decision documents. This study uses four types of IndoBert models: IndoBERT-Base-Phase 1, IndoBERT-Lite-Bas-Phase 1, IndoBERT-Large-Phase 1, and IndoBERT-Lite-Large-Phase 1. This study also uses three types of ratios and ROUGE-N in summarizing court decision documents consisting of ratios of 20%, 30%, and 40% ratios, as well as ROUGE1, ROUGE2, and ROUGE3. The results have found that IndoBERT pre-trained model had a better performance in summarizing court decision documents with or without the defendant's identity with a 40% summarizing ratio. The highest ROUGE score produced by IndoBERT was found in the INDOBERT-LITE-BASE PHASE 1 model with a ROUGE value of 1.00 for documents with the defendant's identity and 0.970 for documents without the defendant's identity at a ratio of 40% in R-1. For future research, it is expected to be able to use other types of Bert models such as IndoBERT Phase-2, LegalBert, etc

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Sustainable Resource Based Materials in Food Packaging Design

This paper provides and understanding on the utilization of sustainable resources in food packaging. It reviews the negative impacts of plastic and current sustainable materials that are used to substitute plastic in food packaging. In order to replace plastics, many researches have been done to surmount the issue and biodegradable materials such as cellulose, plant fibres, starch based, and any bio-based material have undergone research and experiments to achieve the plastic free food packaging. Moreover, there has been strength and weaknesses in every bio-based material that need to be considered such as its polymer structure and its ability to withstand the outside properties. Different composition and structure of the polymer from this bio-based material determine the shelf life of a food when they are used as the packaging and how it can affect the food. Lesser additives of chemicals used to support the polymer is better. However, much research is still needed in discovering which bio-based material is the most suitable to use as the permanent eco-friendly food packaging design.

Home-Based Learning (HBL) Teacher Readiness Scale: Instrument Development and Demographic Analysis

The unprecedented disruption in education due to the COVID-19 pandemic has forced teachers worldwide to adapt to online teaching and the immediate implementation of home-based learning (HBL). However, little is known regarding teacher readiness for HBL. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop an instrument to measure teachers’ readiness for online teaching, which can provide feedback to guide policymakers and school leaders in planning strategic interventions and support for implementing HBL. This study aimed to refine and validate the HBL Teacher Readiness Scale and to ascertain the view of secondary school teachers on aspects of their readiness to implement HBL. A total of 931 from a population of 3826 secondary school teachers were selected using random sampling, from the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The validity and reliability of the HBL Teacher Readiness instrument were tested using exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis. As a result of the analysis, the scale remained at 26 items across four factors, namely efficacy in technology, attitude, perceived behaviour control, and subjective norms. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient for the entire scale was 0.94. Demographic analysis revealed that, overall, the in-service teachers’ level of readiness was at a high level across all dimensions, although the highest was in attitude and the lowest was in subjective norms. Based on this initial sample, the HBL Teacher Readiness Scale was shown to be a suitable instrument to measure teacher readiness for change in the context of the implementation of HBL, although further testing should be conducted on more diverse groups

Soil Mechanics Practicum Report

94 HlmLaporan pendahuluan adalah laporan yang harus diserahkan kepada asisten yang bersangkutan sebelum menempuh suatu materi pratikum, dan akan diadakan tanya jawab oleh asisten untuk mengetahui penguasaan materi pratikan tanya jawab oleh asisten untuk mengetahui penguasaan materi pratikan untuk menentukan apakah pratikan yang bersangkutan boleh melakukan pratikum atau tidak. Laporan praktikum harus dibuat satu buah untuk setiap pratikum bukan perkelompokan. Isinya: Tujuan pratikum yang akan ditempuh. Rumus-rumus yang akan digunakan berikut pembuktiannnya. Sket dan keterangan bagian-bagian alat yang digunakan. Sejauh yang telah dipelajari atau diketahui dari kuliah atau literatur. Uraian/ keterangan tentang cara melakukan pratikum sejauh yang telah dipelajari atau diketahui dari kuliah/ literatur. Berat jenis adlaah perbandingan antara berat butir tanah dengan volumen butir pada temperatur tertentu. Tanah yang dimaksud disini adalah berat butir tanah itu sendiri tanpa ada air atau udara (tanpa pori) sedangkan volume tanah yang dimaksud dalam hal ini adalah volume tanah tanpa mengandung pori untuk emlakukan percobaan ini diperlukan air suling. Laporan pendahuluan adalah laporan yang harus diserahkan kepada asisten yang bersangkutan sebelum menempuh suatu materi pratikum, dan akan diadakan tanya jawab oleh asisten untuk mengetahui penguasaan materi pratikan tanya jawab oleh asisten untuk mengetahui penguasaan materi pratikan untuk menentukan apakah pratikan yang bersangkutan boleh melakukan pratikum atau tidak. Laporan praktikum harus dibuat satu buah untuk setiap pratikum bukan perkelom pokan. Isinya: Tujuan pratikum yang akan di tempuh. Rumus-rumus yang akan digunakan berikut pembuktiannnya. Sket dan keterangan bagian-bagian alat yang digunakan. Sejauh yang telah dipelajari atau diketahui dari kuliah atau literatur. Uraian / keterangan tentang cara melakukan pratikum sejauh yang telah dipelajari atau diketahui dari kuliah / literatur. Berat jenis adlaah perbandingan antara berat butir tanah dengan volumen butir pada temperatur tertentu. hal ini adalah volume tanah tanpa mengandung pori untuk emlakukan percobaan ini diperlukan air suling