Materiais de armazenamento das coleções paleontológicas do IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza (Argentina)

El deterioro al que están expuestas las colecciones paleontológicas es minimizado a menudo hasta por la propia comunidad científica y muchas veces, particularmente en Argentina, es desconocido. El objetivo de este trabajo es reseñar algunos conceptos sobre la conservación preventiva de las colecciones paleontológicas, relacionados con los materiales utilizados (plásticos, adhesivos, papel y tinta), y presentar los avances realizados, en ese sentido, en el almacenamiento de los ejemplares tipo de las colecciones de Paleoinvertebrados, Paleovertebrados y Paleobotánica que se encuentran resguardados en el repositorio del IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. Este repositorio almacena actualmente 10 holotipos y 46 paratipos procedentes de sedimentitas paleozoicas y mesozoicas del centro-oeste de Argentina, y un holotipo y un paratipo procedentes de secuencias sedimentarias cámbricas de México. Si bien la falta de financiamiento institucional específico para cualquier colección paleontológica representa un impedimento para neutralizar los daños potenciales que deba afrontar, también lo es la desinformación sobre el comportamiento de los materiales de almacenamiento. Por ello, es importante que, en Argentina, la Ciencia de los Materiales pueda incursionar en el campo de la conservación de este tipo de colecciones de historia natural, tal como sucede desde hace décadas en otros países.The deterioration to which paleontological collections are exposed is often minimized even by the scientific community itself and, particularly in Argentina, it is often unknown. The aim of this paper is to review some concepts about preventive conservation of paleontological collections, particulary with respect to the materials used (plastics, adhesives, paper and ink), and to present the advances made in that regard, for the storage of type specimens in the Paleoinvertebrates, Paleovertebrates and Paleobotany collections, stored in the repository of IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. This repository currently houses 10 holotypes and 46 paratypes from Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments of central-western Argentina, as well as one holotype and one paratype from Cambrian sedimentary sequences of Mexico. Although the lack of specific institutional funding in any paleontological collection hinders the neutralization of potential damage to be met, so is the lack of information on the behavior of storage materials. Therefore, it is important that Materials Science be included in the field of conservation for this type of natural history collections in Argentina, as it has been for decades in other countries.A deterioração à qual estão expostas as coleções paleontológicas é frequentemente minimizada por sua própria comunidade científica e, muitas vezes, particularmente na Argentina, é desconhecida. O objetivo deste trabalho é sumarizar alguns conceitos sobre a conservação preventiva das coleções paleontológicas, relacionados com os materiais utilizados (plásticos, adesivos, papel e tinta), e apresentar os avanços realizados, neste sentido, no armazenamento dos espécimes tipo das coleções Paleoinvertebrados, Paleovertebrados e Paleobotânica que estão abrigadas no repositório do IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. Este repositório armazena atualmente 10 holótipos e 46 parátipos procedentes de rochas sedimentares paleozóicas e mesozóicas do centro-oeste da Argentina, e um holótipo e um parátipo procedentes de sequências sedimentares cambrianas do México. Apesar da falta de financiamento institucional específico para qualquer coleção paleontológica representar um impedimento para neutralizar os possíveis danos enfrentados, a desinformação sobre o comportamento dos materiais de armazenamento também o é. Por isso, é importante que, na Argentina, a Ciência dos Materiais possa incursionar no campo da conservação deste tipo de coleções de história natural, como tem sido feito há décadas em outros países.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Materiais de armazenamento das coleções paleontológicas do IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza (Argentina)

El deterioro al que están expuestas las colecciones paleontológicas es minimizado a menudo hasta por la propia comunidad científica y muchas veces, particularmente en Argentina, es desconocido. El objetivo de este trabajo es reseñar algunos conceptos sobre la conservación preventiva de las colecciones paleontológicas, relacionados con los materiales utilizados (plásticos, adhesivos, papel y tinta), y presentar los avances realizados, en ese sentido, en el almacenamiento de los ejemplares tipo de las colecciones de Paleoinvertebrados, Paleovertebrados y Paleobotánica que se encuentran resguardados en el repositorio del IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. Este repositorio almacena actualmente 10 holotipos y 46 paratipos procedentes de sedimentitas paleozoicas y mesozoicas del centro-oeste de Argentina, y un holotipo y un paratipo procedentes de secuencias sedimentarias cámbricas de México. Si bien la falta de financiamiento institucional específico para cualquier colección paleontológica representa un impedimento para neutralizar los daños potenciales que deba afrontar, también lo es la desinformación sobre el comportamiento de los materiales de almacenamiento. Por ello, es importante que, en Argentina, la Ciencia de los Materiales pueda incursionar en el campo de la conservación de este tipo de colecciones de historia natural, tal como sucede desde hace décadas en otros países.The deterioration to which paleontological collections are exposed is often minimized even by the scientific community itself and, particularly in Argentina, it is often unknown. The aim of this paper is to review some concepts about preventive conservation of paleontological collections, particulary with respect to the materials used (plastics, adhesives, paper and ink), and to present the advances made in that regard, for the storage of type specimens in the Paleoinvertebrates, Paleovertebrates and Paleobotany collections, stored in the repository of IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. This repository currently houses 10 holotypes and 46 paratypes from Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments of central-western Argentina, as well as one holotype and one paratype from Cambrian sedimentary sequences of Mexico. Although the lack of specific institutional funding in any paleontological collection hinders the neutralization of potential damage to be met, so is the lack of information on the behavior of storage materials. Therefore, it is important that Materials Science be included in the field of conservation for this type of natural history collections in Argentina, as it has been for decades in other countries.A deterioração à qual estão expostas as coleções paleontológicas é frequentemente minimizada por sua própria comunidade científica e, muitas vezes, particularmente na Argentina, é desconhecida. O objetivo deste trabalho é sumarizar alguns conceitos sobre a conservação preventiva das coleções paleontológicas, relacionados com os materiais utilizados (plásticos, adesivos, papel e tinta), e apresentar os avanços realizados, neste sentido, no armazenamento dos espécimes tipo das coleções Paleoinvertebrados, Paleovertebrados e Paleobotânica que estão abrigadas no repositório do IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. Este repositório armazena atualmente 10 holótipos e 46 parátipos procedentes de rochas sedimentares paleozóicas e mesozóicas do centro-oeste da Argentina, e um holótipo e um parátipo procedentes de sequências sedimentares cambrianas do México. Apesar da falta de financiamento institucional específico para qualquer coleção paleontológica representar um impedimento para neutralizar os possíveis danos enfrentados, a desinformação sobre o comportamento dos materiais de armazenamento também o é. Por isso, é importante que, na Argentina, a Ciência dos Materiais possa incursionar no campo da conservação deste tipo de coleções de história natural, como tem sido feito há décadas em outros países.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Materiais de armazenamento das coleções paleontológicas do IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza (Argentina)

El deterioro al que están expuestas las colecciones paleontológicas es minimizado a menudo hasta por la propia comunidad científica y muchas veces, particularmente en Argentina, es desconocido. El objetivo de este trabajo es reseñar algunos conceptos sobre la conservación preventiva de las colecciones paleontológicas, relacionados con los materiales utilizados (plásticos, adhesivos, papel y tinta), y presentar los avances realizados, en ese sentido, en el almacenamiento de los ejemplares tipo de las colecciones de Paleoinvertebrados, Paleovertebrados y Paleobotánica que se encuentran resguardados en el repositorio del IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. Este repositorio almacena actualmente 10 holotipos y 46 paratipos procedentes de sedimentitas paleozoicas y mesozoicas del centro-oeste de Argentina, y un holotipo y un paratipo procedentes de secuencias sedimentarias cámbricas de México. Si bien la falta de financiamiento institucional específico para cualquier colección paleontológica representa un impedimento para neutralizar los daños potenciales que deba afrontar, también lo es la desinformación sobre el comportamiento de los materiales de almacenamiento. Por ello, es importante que, en Argentina, la Ciencia de los Materiales pueda incursionar en el campo de la conservación de este tipo de colecciones de historia natural, tal como sucede desde hace décadas en otros países.The deterioration to which paleontological collections are exposed is often minimized even by the scientific community itself and, particularly in Argentina, it is often unknown. The aim of this paper is to review some concepts about preventive conservation of paleontological collections, particulary with respect to the materials used (plastics, adhesives, paper and ink), and to present the advances made in that regard, for the storage of type specimens in the Paleoinvertebrates, Paleovertebrates and Paleobotany collections, stored in the repository of IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. This repository currently houses 10 holotypes and 46 paratypes from Paleozoic and Mesozoic sediments of central-western Argentina, as well as one holotype and one paratype from Cambrian sedimentary sequences of Mexico. Although the lack of specific institutional funding in any paleontological collection hinders the neutralization of potential damage to be met, so is the lack of information on the behavior of storage materials. Therefore, it is important that Materials Science be included in the field of conservation for this type of natural history collections in Argentina, as it has been for decades in other countries.A deterioração à qual estão expostas as coleções paleontológicas é frequentemente minimizada por sua própria comunidade científica e, muitas vezes, particularmente na Argentina, é desconhecida. O objetivo deste trabalho é sumarizar alguns conceitos sobre a conservação preventiva das coleções paleontológicas, relacionados com os materiais utilizados (plásticos, adesivos, papel e tinta), e apresentar os avanços realizados, neste sentido, no armazenamento dos espécimes tipo das coleções Paleoinvertebrados, Paleovertebrados e Paleobotânica que estão abrigadas no repositório do IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza. Este repositório armazena atualmente 10 holótipos e 46 parátipos procedentes de rochas sedimentares paleozóicas e mesozóicas do centro-oeste da Argentina, e um holótipo e um parátipo procedentes de sequências sedimentares cambrianas do México. Apesar da falta de financiamento institucional específico para qualquer coleção paleontológica representar um impedimento para neutralizar os possíveis danos enfrentados, a desinformação sobre o comportamento dos materiais de armazenamento também o é. Por isso, é importante que, na Argentina, a Ciência dos Materiais possa incursionar no campo da conservação deste tipo de coleções de história natural, como tem sido feito há décadas em outros países.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Rationality as a Barrier to Peace: Micro-Evidence from Kosovo

Despite a significant expansion of the literature on conflicts and fragility of states, only a few systematic attempts have been made to link the theoretical literature on social conflicts to the available micro-level information about the people who are involved in these conflicts. We address this lacuna in the literature using a household-level data set from Kosovo. Our analysis suggests that it is individually rational for competing ethnic communities, Kosovo Albanians and Kosovo Serbs, to resist a quick agreement on a social contract to share the region’s resources

The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

Naturally infected Aedes aegypti

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) of the genus Flavivirus within the family Flaviviridae, originally isolated from the blood of a febrile rhesus macaque in the Ziika forest of Uganda in 1947 [1]. Although serologic evidence indicates that ZIKV has circulated in Africa and Asia for decades [2], only 14 reports of human infection were documented in the literature before 2007 [3]. Subsequently, ZIKV began causing outbreaks on islands in the Pacific before reaching the Americas in 2013 [4]. Beginning in 2015 the virus sparked widespread epidemics in the Americas, garnering international attention due to its association with severe sequelae such as Guillain–Barré syndrome in previously healthy individuals as well as Congenital Zika Syndrome in infants whose mothers were infected during pregnancy

Naturally infected Aedes aegypti collected during a Zika virus outbreak have viral titres consistent with transmission

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) of the genus Flavivirus within the family Flaviviridae, originally isolated from the blood of a febrile rhesus macaque in the Ziika forest of Uganda in 1947 [1]. Although serologic evidence indicates that ZIKV has circulated in Africa and Asia for decades [2], only 14 reports of human infection were documented in the literature before 2007 [3]. Subsequently, ZIKV began causing outbreaks on islands in the Pacific before reaching the Americas in 2013 [4]. Beginning in 2015 the virus sparked widespread epidemics in the Americas, garnering international attention due to its association with severe sequelae such as Guillain–Barré syndrome in previously healthy individuals as well as Congenital Zika Syndrome in infants whose mothers were infected during pregnancy

Rationality as a Barrier to Peace: Micro-evidence from Kosovo

Despite a significant expansion of the literature on conflicts and fragility of states, only a few systematic attempts have been made to link the theoretical literature on social conflicts to the available micro-level information about the people who are involved in these conflicts. We address this lacuna in the literature using a household-level data set from Kosovo. Our analysis suggests that it is individually rational for competing ethnic communities, Kosovar Albanians and Kosovar Serbs, to resist a quick agreement on a social contract to share the region's resources. Comparative Economic Studies (2009) 51, 242–264. doi:10.1057/ces.2009.1