Relationship between physique and food avoidance in infants : A study conducted in a community setting in Japan

The relationship between food avoidance during infancy and the growth of Japanese infants in a community health setting has not been well evaluated. In order to assess the growth of infants who avoided either of the three major allergen foods in Japan, eggs, milk or wheat, we employed the results of 4 physical checkups recorded in maternity passbooks and administrated a questionnaire on allergic diseases, height and weight at birth to the guardians of 1,132 infants at the age of 3.5 years. Data was obtained from 890 subjects (78.6%) and 662 subjects (58.5%) who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The height, weight and body mass index percentile scores of each subject were calculated. Subjects who avoided either of the three foods at 3.5 years had lower weight percentile scores at 1.5 years, lower height and weight percentile scores at 3.5 years, and lower weight growth rates, compared with the subjects who did not avoid any of the three foods at 3.5 years (P=0.02, 0.03, 0.03, 0.01). The results suggested that there was a negative relationship between physique and food avoidance in infants, and that physical and nutritional assessments are important for food avoiders

ショウガク 1ネンセイ ニオケル ヨウチエン シュッシンシャ ト ホイクショ シュッシンシャ ノ エイヨウ セッシュ ジョウキョウ ノ ヒカク

京都市内の一小学校の1年生120名を対象者に, 6月の休日および平日各1日に摂取した全食品の摂食量の記録を保護者に依頼し, 回答のあった男子41名, 女子47名, 計88名(73.3%)の栄養素および食品群別摂取量を出身別に比較検討した。その結果, 幼稚園出身者が保育所出身者より有意に高値を示したのは, 男子の果実類摂取量, 女子の脂質摂取量, 脂肪エネルギー比率であった。その他の項目では出身別に有意な差は認めなかった。全体において, 推定平均必要量以下の者の割合は, カルシウムは男子56.1%, 女子55.3%, 鉄は男子29.3%, 女子27.7%, ビタミンCは男子34.1%, 女子31.9%, 脂肪エネルギー比率が30%以上の割合は男子61.0%, 女子63.8%, 食塩6g以上の割合は男子78.0%, 女子68.1%と高かった。これより, 小学1年生において出身別の差は少ないこと, カルシウム, 鉄の不足者割合が高く, 脂質及び食塩の摂取量が目標量を超える者の割合が多い可能性が示唆された

ショクジ セッシュ キジュン 2010ネンバン ニ ヨル カンリ エイヨウシ ヨウセイ カテイ ノ ジョシ ガクセイ ノ エイヨウ シンタイ カツドウ ヒョウカ

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status of women university students in the third-grade of a registered dietitian training course, based on the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese(2010). We initially selected 46 students, and obtained valid responses from 41 students(89.1%). We performed body measurements, blood tests, a dietary weighing method for 3 days, and the measurement of physical activity by the accelerometer. In regard to the physique and blood test of the subjects, 24.4% were underweight, 4.9% were obese and 20.0% were anemic. The dietary weighing method showed that the rate of women who took vitamin C below the estimated average requirement was 90.0%, that of folic acid, iron and calcium were 41.0%, 83.0%, and 68.0% respectively. While the rate of salt intake greater than the dietary goal (7.5g/day)was 36.5%, the rate of fat energy ratio greater than the dietary goal(30%)was 31.7%. The average number of steps per day was 8,907 ± 2,293. These results showed that there was an overall insufficient intake of total energy, vitamins, and minerals, indicating that further nutritional management for the women students is required

The Pacific lineage (2E) of JC polyomavirus is prevalent in Sumba Island, Eastern Indonesia

Recent studies have identified a Pacific lineage (2E) of JC polyomavirus (also designated as JC virus or JCV) that occurs in both Island Southeast Asia and Oceania, but not in mainland Asia. It has been postulated that this lineage traveled with Austronesian-speaking people who are now spread throughout Island Southeast Asia and Oceania (excluding Australia and inland and southern New Guinea). However, to date, the 2E lineage has been identified in Southeast Asia only in populations of the Philippine islands. Here we report that a high incidence of the 2E lineage was detected in the people of Sumba Island, eastern Indonesia

ABO Blood Type and Personality Traits in Healthy Japanese Subjects

<div><p>There is no scientific consensus that a relationship exists between the ABO blood group and personality traits. However, a recent study hypothesized that the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (<i>DBH</i>) gene is in linkage with the <i>ABO</i> gene. The sample population consisted of 1,427 healthy Japanese subjects who completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Each subject’s ABO blood type was determined by genotyping the rs8176719 and rs8176746 <i>ABO</i> gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a TaqMan genotyping assay. The relationships between the six <i>ABO</i> genotypes or four ABO phenotypes and personality traits were examined using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), controlling for age and sex. The MANCOVA data showed a significant difference in TCI scores among the <i>ABO</i> genotype groups (F [7, 1393] = 3.354, <i>p</i> = 0.001). A subsequent univariate analysis showed a significant difference in the mean scores for Persistence among the genotype groups (<i>F</i> = 2.680, <i>partial η²</i> = 0.010, <i>p</i> = 0.020). Similarly, dividing the ABO blood type into four phenotypes revealed a significant difference among the phenotype groups (F [7, 1397] = 2.529, <i>p</i> = 0.014). A subsequent univariate analysis showed a significant difference among the phenotype groups in the mean scores for Persistence (<i>F</i> = 2.952, <i>partial η²</i>= 0.006, <i>p</i> = 0.032). We observed a significant association between ABO blood group genotypes and personality traits in a large number of healthy Japanese subjects. However, these results should be regarded as preliminary and should be interpreted with caution because it is possible that the association between ABO blood group genotype and the Persistence trait is relatively weak.</p></div

MANCOVA for TCI scores and <i>ABO</i> genotype groups (mean ± SD).

<p>Comparison of the TCI scores among the six genotype groups including age and sex as covariates.</p><p>The rs 8176719 alleles are exon 6 261G ("G") and 261delG ("D"). The rare genotypes <i>AA</i> × <i>DD</i>, <i>AC</i> × <i>DD</i>, and <i>AA</i> × <i>GD</i> did not occur in our samples.</p><p>^¶There was a significant difference between the ABO blood types and Persistence scores. Post hoc analysis showed that <i>AA</i> genotype group had higher Persistence scores than <i>BO</i> and <i>OO</i> genotype group (<i>p</i> = 0.017 and <i>p</i> = 0.045, respectively; Bonferroni correction).</p><p>MANCOVA for TCI scores and <i>ABO</i> genotype groups (mean ± SD).</p

MANCOVA for TCI scores and the ABO phenotype groups (mean ± SD)

<p>Comparison of the TCI scores among the four phenotype groups including age and sex as covariates.</p><p>^¶There was a significant difference between the ABO phenotypes and Persistence scores. Post hoc analysis showed that blood type A group had higher Persistence scores than B and O groups (<i>p</i> = 0.009 and <i>p</i> = 0.018, respectively; Bonferroni correction).</p><p>MANCOVA for TCI scores and the ABO phenotype groups (mean ± SD)</p