Effect of Cytotoxicity of Pegylated Liposomal Recombinant Human Erythropoietin-alfa on Neuroblastoma Cell Line SHSY5Y

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic effect of pegylated liposomal Recombinant Human Erythropoietinalfa (rHuEPO) nanoparticles synthesized by reverse phase evaporation technique on SH-SY5Y cell line.Methods: To prepare the nanoparticles of the drug, rHuEPO, PEG3000, cholesterol andphosphatidylcholine were dissolved in buffer phosphate. The characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles were determined by a zetasizer. Encapsulation efficiency, drug loading efficiency and drug release pattern were evaluated spectrophotometrically. The cytotoxicity effect of pegylated nanoliposomal rHuEPO was evaluated on SH-SY5Y cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results: Size and zeta potential of pegylated nanoliposomal drug and blank pegylated nanoliposomes were 571 ± 6.8 nm, -16.5 mV; 280 ± 4.71 nm and -27.1 mV, respectively. Encapsulation and drug loading efficiency were 89 ± 3.9 % and 0.8 ± 0.012 %, respectively. Drug release data indicate that 17 % of rHuEPO was released from pegylated liposomal nanoparticles over a period of 30 h. The difference in cytotoxicity between the free drug (IC50 = 110.1 ± 3.1 μg/ml) and nanodrug (IC50 = 87.2 ± 2.3 μg/ml) was statistically significant (p ˂ 0.05).Conclusion: This study shows that pegylated nanoliposomal rHuEPO has a powerful cytotoxic effect on SH-SY5Y cell line and is therefore a suitable alternative to the standard therapy, rHuEPO, for the chemotherapy of neuroblastoma.Keywords: Recombinant Human Erythropoietin-alfa, Cytotoxicity, Drug delivery, Liposome, Reverse phase evaporation, SH-SY5Y cell lin

Publisher's Note: "Solution processed multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes based on different molecular weight host" (vol 109, 074516, 2011)

Solution processed multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) based on different molecular weight host have been investigated. A PLED based on high molecular weight poly (vinyl carbazole) PVKH and low molecular weight poly (vinyl carbazole) PVKL, doped with iridium, tris(2-phenylpyidine) Ir(ppy)3 as a host-guest emitting layer (EML), shows a dramatic increase in device efficiency. When the PVKH was used as a hole transport electron blocking layer (HT-EBL), effective electron blocking was achieved, which leads to an increase exciton population in the phosphorescent zone. The use of low molecular weight PVKL as a host material in the top layer prevents barrier formation for hole transport from the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene) (PEDOT)–EBL to the EML. External quantum efficiency of 11%, current efficiencies of 38 cd/A, power efficiency of 13 lm/W and brightness of 7000 cd/m2, were obtained. The effect of the PVKH layer on the electrical and optical device characteristics was investigated. Simulation of the optical outcoupling using SETFOS 3.1 software is in agreed with the observed results and allowed us to predict the emissive dipole location and distribution in the EML layer. The effect of the PVKH on the exciton quenching by the electrodes was also investigated using time resolved fluorescence photon counting, which indicates weak exciton quenching by the PEDOT layer and the device enhancement predominantly achieved by exciton confinement in the emissive layer

Rapid feasibility assessment of components to be formed through hot stamping: A deep learning approach

The novel non-isothermal Hot Forming and cold die Quenching (HFQ) process can enable the cost-effective production of complex shaped, high strength aluminium alloy panel components. However, the unfamiliarity of designing for the new process prevents its widescale adoption in industrial settings. Recent research efforts focus on the development of advanced material models for finite element simulations, used to assess the feasibility of new component designs for the HFQ process. However, FE simulations take place late in design processes, require forming process expertise and are unsuitable for early-stage design explorations. To address these limitations, this study presents a novel application of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based surrogate as a means of rapid manufacturing feasibility assessment for components to be formed using the HFQ process. A diverse dataset containing variations in component geometry, blank shapes, and processing parameters, together with corresponding physical fields is generated and used to train the model. The results show that near indistinguishable full field predictions are obtained in real time from the model when compared with HFQ simulations. This technique provides an invaluable tool to aid component design and decision making at the onset of a design process for complex-shaped components formed under HFQ conditions

Changes in the Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Thyroid Cancer : A Population-Based Investigation in Algeria, 1993-2013

Peer reviewedPostprintPublisher PD

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes and dysfunctions in presbyacusis.

Articl

TREATMENT OF DEPLETED URANIUMCONTAMINATION IN SOIL BY USING SODIUMBICARBONATE SOLUTION

The Depleted Uranium contamination in soil was treated with chemical leaching method by using sodium bicarbonate with respect to the effect of several variables (Time, Temperature, Bicarbonate Concentration, Carbonate/Bicarbonate Ratio, Oxidative Reagent Effect, pH, Soil/Solution Ratio and Rinsing Effect after treatment) in order to decontaminate or remove Depleted Uranium to acceptable regulatory levels. The objective is to reach a selectively extracted Depleted Uranium by using a soil washing/extraction without generating a secondary waste which would be difficult to manage and/or dispose off. Results of Depleted Uranium removal efficiency were ranged from (35.4-88.25) %