Photon production at the interaction point of the ILC

The intense beam-beam effect at the interaction point of the International Linear Collider (ILC) causes large disruption of the beams and the production of photons. These photons, arising dominantly through beamstrahlung emission, are problematic for the machine design as they need to be transported and dumped in a controlled way. In this work, we perform simulations of the beam-beam interaction to predict photon production rates and distributions for the different beam parameters considered at ILC. The results are expressed in terms of a set of cones of excluded power, allowing to define the beam-stay-clear requirements relevant for different cases and contexts. A comparison is also made with theoretical expectations. The suggested photon cone half-opening angles are 0.75 and 0.85 mrad in the horizontal and vertical planes, respectively. These cones cover all machine energies and parameter sets, and include the low power Compton photons

How cold will it be? Prospects for NHS funding: 2011- 2017

NHS spending in England may have more than doubled in real terms since 1999/2000, but the prospects for future funding now look bleak. Although there is consensus that the NHS faces a tough financial future, there is no agreement about just how cold the financial climate will be. Starting with a look at historical funding for the NHS, The King's Fund and the Institute for Fiscal Studies set out three plausible future funding scenarios and their consequences. The paper concludes with an assessment of each scenario and the options for funding up to 2017

Theory and phenomenology of non-global logarithms

We discuss the theoretical treatment of non-global observables, those quantities that are sensitive only to radiation in a restricted region of phase space, and describe how large `non-global' logarithms arise when we veto the energy flowing into the restricted region. The phenomenological impact of non-global logarithms is then discussed, drawing on examples from event shapes in DIS and energy-flow observables in 2-jet systems. We then describe techniques to reduce the numerical importance of non-global logarithms, looking at clustering algorithms in energy flow observables and the study of associated distribution of multiple observables.Comment: Based on talks presented at the XXXVIIIth Rencontres de Moriond 'QCD and high-energy hadronic interactions', 8 page

Regularized braneworlds of arbitrary codimension

We consider a thick p-brane embedded in an n-dimensional spacetime possessing radial symmetry in the directions orthogonal to the brane. We first consider a static brane, and find a general fine tuning relationship between the brane and bulk parameters required for the brane to be flat. We then consider the cosmology of a time dependent brane in a static bulk, and find the Friedmann equation for the brane scale factor a(t). The singularities that would ordinarily arise when considering arbitrary codimensions are avoided by regularizing the brane, giving it a finite profile in the transverse dimensions. However, since we consider the brane to be a strictly local defect, we find that the transverse dimensions must have infinite volume, and hence gravity cannot be localized on the brane without resorting to some infra-red cutoff.Comment: 21 page

Relating adults' lives and learning: participation and engagement in different settings

This report shows how an understanding of language, literacy andnumeracy as social practices can help practitioners to take account oflearners' lives. It demonstrates how people's histories, currentcircumstances and imagined futures can shape their learning andaffect their level of engagement. The study is based on the research ofthe Adult Learners' Lives project in community settings in Blackburn,Lancaster and Liverpool

Particle tracking in the ILC extraction lines with DIMAD and BDSIM

The study of beam transport is of central importance to the design and performance assessment of modern particle accelerators. In this paper, we benchmark two contemporary codes, DIMAD and BDSIM, the latter being a relatively new tracking code built within the framework of GEANT4. We consider both the 20 mrad and 2 mrad extraction lines of the 500 GeV International Linear Collider (ILC) and we perform particle tracking studies of heavily disrupted post-collision electron beams. We find that the two codes give an almost equivalent description of the beam transport

Benchmarking of Tracking Codes (BDSIM/DIMAD) using the ILC Extraction Lines

The study of beam transport is of central importance to the design and performance assessment of modern particle accelerators. In this work, we benchmark two contemporary codes - DIMAD and BDSIM, the latter being a relatively new tracking code built within the framework of GEANT4. We consider both the 20 mrad and 2 mrad extraction lines of the International Linear Collider (ILC) and we perform tracking studies of heavily disrupted post-collision electron beams. We find that the two codes mostly give an equivalent description of the beam transport.Comment: Contribution to the Tenth European Particle Accelerator Conference `"EPAC'06'', Edinburgh, United-Kingdom, 26-30 June 200

Desire in Translation: White Masculinity and TESOL

This article reports on a study of Western male English language teachers and considers the ways in which their identities were shaped in relation to discourses of masculinity and heterosexuality. The article first argues that masculinity and heterosexuality have remained unmarked categories in research on TESOL teacher identities. It then draws on interview data with 11 White Australian men and considers the discourses of gender and sexuality in their accounts of English language teaching in Japanese commercial eikaiwa gakkô (English language conversation schools). The analysis suggests that although some enjoy the privileges that attach to being a White, Western male, they also struggle to negotiate the eikaiwa gakkô as a contact zone where the professional and personal, the educational and commercial, the pedagogical and the sexual coexist. In this ambiguous space, discourses of White male embodiment, and of sexualised desire between teacher and student, are perceived to be in conflict with discourses of an acceptable masculine professional identity, and may limit the professional and pedagogical aspirations of the male teachers. The article concludes that it is timely for conversations about gender and sexuality as aspects of professional identity to include accounts of masculinity and heterosexuality as integral to professional practice in TESOL. © 2012 TESOL International Association

The spatial politics of gender in EAP classroom practice

This paper explores some of the challenges faced by EAP teachers as they address gender issues that arise when teaching in a non-Western cultural context. It draws on interviews with four Australian teachers regarding their experiences in delivering EAP programs in East Timor as part of an international aid effort, and focuses on critical incidents in which gender was perceived as an issue in classroom practice. Through these incidents, we see the ways in which teachers navigated the competing claims of gender equity and cultural sensitivity in the pedagogic domain of the classroom. A spatial analysis is proposed as a means of exploring the teachers' accounts and as a means of countering the temporal narratives of progress that shape conventional discourses of development, EAP and gender equality. The paper concludes that the teachers' racial and economic position, and their status as cultural outsiders, affects the ways in which they can speak and act on issues of gender. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Occidental romanticism and English language education

This chapter examines the effects of occidental romanticism in English language education, with a special focus on the context of Japan. The chapter begins by defining key concepts, and then reviews a body of research literarùre pertaining to the topic. In the third section I draw on my own study of western men working as English language educators in Japan, before concluding with a discussion of the broader effects of occidental romanticism in English language educatio