Flipped classroom in the higher education system: A pilot study in Finland and Russia

This article shows specifics of the transition from conventional educational practice to the Flipped classroom model in modern education system. It is focused on professors’ perception of the video-based teaching approach. Conducted sociological survey involves the teaching staff from one European and one Russian university, namely the Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT) and Ural Federal University (URFU). The survey investigated professors’ awareness of the Inverted classroom, their readiness to employ it and prime barriers they face. Results reveal that teachers from Russia have less information about the model and practically do not embed it in the education arrangement comparing to professors from Finland. Lack of time, lack of support and assistance are shown to be the prime barriers preventing them from flipped classroom implementation. Drawn implications are of use for the integration of the flipped classroom. © 2017, Adam Marszalek Publishing House. All rights reserved

Can ionic concentration changes due to mechanical deformation be responsible for the neurostimulation caused by focused ultrasound? a simulation study

Objective Ultrasound stimulation is an emerging neuromodulation technique, for which the exact mechanism of action is still unknown. Despite the number of hypotheses such as mechanosensitive ion channels and intermembrane cavitation, they fail to explain all of the observed experimental effects. Here we are investigating the ionic concentration change as a prime mechanism for the neurostimulation by the ultrasound. Approach We derive the direct analytical relationship between the mechanical deformations in the tissue and the electric boundary conditions for the cable theory equations and solve them for two types of neuronal axon models: Hodgkin-Huxley and C-fibre. We detect the activation thresholds for a variety of ultrasound stimulation cases including continuous and pulsed ultrasound and estimate the mechanical deformations required for reaching the thresholds and generating action potentials. Main results We note that the proposed mechanism strongly depends on the mechanical properties of the neural tissues, which at the moment cannot be located in literature with the required certainty. We conclude that given certain common linear assumptions, this mechanism alone cannot cause significant effects and be responsible for neurostimulation. However, we also conclude that if the lower estimation of mechanical properties of neural tissues in literature is true, or if the normal cavitation occurs during the ultrasound stimulation, the proposed mechanism can be a prime cause for the generation of action potentials. Significance The approach allows prediction and modelling of most observed experimental effects, including the probabilistic ones, without the need for any extra physical effects or additional parameters

Right to the city: Youth's view to live in the city

The article represents possibilities and problems of realization of the right to the city of youth in Yekaterinburg. According to the H. Lefebvre' concept,the article states that the next generation is aimed at appropriation of surrounding environment through changing it. By using questionnaires,there were 750 students and working youth interrogated,as well as there were 25 standard interviews with young citizens. The research results showed that young people mostly prefer cultural or recreational usage of urban spaces during the stability period. Youth as an active and dynamic social community acts as a carrier of protest sentiments. These moods become actual in cases of realizations of any administrative decisions directed to privatization of public spaces or affecting the interests of young generation. Materials suggest that the period of transition from consumption to appropriation and changing of urban spaces is observed. The Do-It-Yourself movement is becoming the instrument of Transition. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The reported study was funded by RFBR and Sverdlovsk region, project number 20-411-660012

Optimum design of hydrodynamic thrust bearings with rayleigh's pocket profiles

Optimum design problem for hydrodynamic self-aligning acting thrust bearings was considered. Based on results for rectangular region the problem for sector region was solved. As an objective function, the maximum of pressure integral over the lubricant layer surface was used and five geometrical parameters described Rayleigh's pocket shape were used as optimization variables during optimization procedure. The bearing pressure distribution was determined on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations using the ANSYS / CFX software. Numerically the optimization problem was solved using three different methods: IOSO, SIMPLEX and pilOPT+AFilter SQP realized in two commercial optimization software IOSO and modeFRONTIER. The aim of this investigation was designing the technologically advanced profiles of thrust bearing sector microgeometry ensuring the maximum load capacity

Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Patients with Abdominal Sepsis

Kryvoruchko I. A., Antonova M. S., Tonkoglas O. A., Goni S.-K. T. Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Patients with Abdominal Sepsis. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(3):449-456. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.399313 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4362 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.03.2017. Revised 22.03.2017. Accepted: 23.03.2017. Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Patients with Abdominal Sepsis I. A. Kryvoruchko, M. S. Antonova, O. A. Tonkoglas, S.-K. T. Goni Kharkov National Medical University Ministry of Health of Ukraine Abstract Investigations were carried out in 53 patients who were operated on in 2015 about abdominal sepsis (AS). All patients were assigned according the severity of the condition, which was determined depending on the severity of the systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure: I group - patients with AS (28); II group - patients with severe AS (14); III group - patients with septic shock (11). Surgical management of all patients included two major components: control source of infection (source control) and control of organ damaged and the protective mechanisms system (damage control). In the first group, the laparotomy ended by suturing the wounds tightly with traditional drainage; in groups II and III surgical treatment were supplemented by the use of techniques aimed at the prevention and reduction of elevated intra-abdominal pressure. Studies have shown that 100 % of patients with AS showed an increase in intra-abdominal pressure and the development of intra-abdominal hypertension. While ACS developed in 18.9 % of cases (4 patients with severe sepsis and 6 - with septic shock). The highest mortality rate was observed among patients with grade III and IV intra-abdominal hypertension (11 of 25 patients). Key words: intra-abdominal pressure, abdominal sepsis, abdominal compartment syndrome, treatment

Cerebral blood flow imaging. Relation to blood rheology

Abstract A number of techniques allow imaging of the cerebral blood flow (CBF). Flow-sensitive time-of -flight (TOF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrates good representation of the flow but the extracranial hemodynamics could be assessed by color duplex ultrasound of the carotid arteries. Computerized tomography (CT), Xenon enhanced or CT perfusion with iodinated contrast, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with HMPAO, positron emission tomography (PET) with radiolabeled water, contrast perfusion-weighted and non-invasive MRI technique using continuous arterial spin labeling (CALS) provide precise assessment of cerebral perfusion with measurement of blood flow velocities. The contrast agents used have hemorheological and vessel wall effects. Keywords: Cerebral blood flow, Doppler ultrasound, functional neuroimaging, blood rheology _____________________________________________________________________________ Cerebral blood flow (CBF), is the blood supply to the brain in a given time. In an adult, CBF is typically 750 milliliters per minute or 15% of the cardiac output. This equates to 50 to 54 milliliters of blood per 100 grams of brain tissue per minute. The CBF is determined by a number of factors, such as viscosity of blood, vascular tone and the net pressure of the flow of blood into the brain, known as cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), which is determined by the body's blood pressure (BP). CBF is equal to CPP divided by the cerebrovascular resistance (CVR): The cerebral autoregulation is a process, which aims to maintain adequate and stable CBF regardless of the changes of systemic BP or CPP. The stability of CBF is accomplished by altering the blood vessels diameter through constriction or dilatation The conventional neuroimaging methods -computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are good enough to estimate the state of brain morphology. However the contemporary diagnosis and treatment options need: • To define the cerebral physiology by application of different stimuli (CO 2 inhalation, cognitive or movement tasks etc.), which lead to local CBF changes. • To identify areas of abnormal blood flow in cerebral pathology: stroke, vascular malformations, carotid stenoses or occlusions, traumatic brain injury, vascularized brain tumors, resistant epilepsy, psychiatric diseases. • To estimate the therapeutic choice and to do the CBF measurement as earlier as possible after the brain injury. • To monitor the effectiveness of contemporary thrombolytic therapy and surgical interventions. This important information for the therapeutic behavior is achieved by the so-called functional neuroimaging methods. The Doppler ultrasound is one of those methods. It provides information about the change of velocity and direction of moving erythrocytes in the major arteries of the neck and the proximal segments of intracranial arteries, and other parameters of blood flow in the examined vascular segment. It can thus identify and characterize stenosing arterial section or change in the direction of flow