Orbital magnetism in the half-metallic Heusler alloys

Using the fully-relativistic screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method I study the orbital magnetism in the half-metallic Heusler alloys. Orbital moments are almost completely quenched and they are negligible with respect to the spin moments. The change in the atomic-resolved orbital moments can be easily explained in terms of the spin-orbit strength and hybridization effects. Finally I discuss the orbital and spin moments derived from X-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments

String Nature of Confinement in (Non-)Abelian Gauge Theories

Recent progress achieved in the solution of the problem of confinement in various (non-)Abelian gauge theories by virtue of a derivation of their string representation is reviewed. The theories under study include QCD within the so-called Method of Field Correlators, QCD-inspired Abelian-projected theories, and compact QED in three and four space-time dimensions. Various nonperturbative properties of the vacua of the above mentioned theories are discussed. The relevance of the Method of Field Correlators to the study of confinement in Abelian models, allowing for an analytical description of this phenomenon, is illustrated by an evaluation of field correlators in these models.Comment: 100 pages, LaTeX2e, no figures, 1 table, based on the Ph.D. thesises at the Humboldt University of Berlin (1999) (available under http://dochost.rz.hu-berlin.de) and the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow (2000), new results are included, extended with respect to the journal versio

Large Dual Transformations and the Petrov-Diakonov Representation of the Wilson Loop

In this work, based on the Petrov-Diakonov representation of the Wilson loop average W in the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory, together with the Cho-Fadeev-Niemi decomposition, we present a natural framework to discuss possible ideas underlying confinement and ensembles of defects in the continuum. In this language we show how for different ensembles the surface appearing in the Wess-Zumino term in W can be either decoupled or turned into a variable, to be summed together with gauge fields, defects and dual fields. This is discussed in terms of the regularity properties imposed by the ensembles on the dual fields, thus precluding or enabling the possibility of performing the large dual transformations that would be necessary to decouple the initial surface.Comment: 35 pages, LaTeX, corrected version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Determination of Maintaining Time of Temperature Traces of Aerosol Droplet Water Flows During Motion in a Flame

To develop fire fighting technologies, the temperatures of combustible products were measured after passing an aerosol droplet flow of water through the flames (with monitored temperatures). It was applied the aerosol flows with droplets of sizes less than 100 [mu]m, 100-200 [mu]m, and 200-300 [mu]m. Investigations were conducted at a temperature of combustible products from 500 K to 900 K. Temperatures of gases in droplet flow traces and maintaining times of relatively low temperatures in these areas (it can be considered as temperature trace) were defined. It was obtained the satisfactory agreement of experimental results and numerical simulation data

Earthquakes. characteristics of sanitary losses. Ways to reduce disaster risk from earthquakes

In the 20th century, earthquakes killed more than 1.5 million people on the globe, and the damage caused was estimated at $ 10 trillion. This article tells about earthquakes, about the characteristics and magnitude of sanitary losses and what they depend on. Particular attention is paid to predicting possible earthquakes. The January 2010 earthquake in Hawaii was analyzed and recommendations for post-earthquake disaster risk reduction were formulated.В XX веке на земном шаре в результате землетрясений погибли более 1,5 млн человек, а причиненный ущерб оценен в 10 трлн долларов. В этой статье рассказывается о землетрясениях, о характеристике и величине санитарных потерь и от чего они зависят. Особое внимание уделено прогнозированию возможных землетрясений. Проанализировано землетрясение, произошедшее на Гаваях в январе 2010 года, которое позволило сформировать рекомендации для снижения риска бедствий после землетрясени

CCancer: a bird’s eye view on gene lists reported in cancer-related studies

CCancer is an automatically collected database of gene lists, which were reported mostly by experimental studies in various biological and clinical contexts. At the moment, the database covers 3369 gene lists extracted from 2644 papers published in ∼80 peer-reviewed journals. As input, CCancer accepts a gene list. An enrichment analyses is implemented to generate, as output, a highly informative survey over recently published studies that report gene lists, which significantly intersect with the query gene list. A report on gene pairs from the input list which were frequently reported together by other biological studies is also provided. CCancer is freely available at http://mips.helmholtz-muenchen.de/proj/ccancer

Operation of graphene quantum Hall resistance standard in a cryogen-free table-top system

We demonstrate quantum Hall resistance measurements with metrological accuracy in a small cryogen-free system operating at a temperature of around 3.8K and magnetic fields below 5T. Operating this system requires little experimental knowledge or laboratory infrastructure, thereby greatly advancing the proliferation of primary quantum standards for precision electrical metrology. This significant advance in technology has come about as a result of the unique properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure

Complementarity of Kinematics and Geometry in General Relativity Theory

Relations between kinematics, geometry and law of reference frame motion are considered. We show, that kinematical tensors define geometry up to a space functional arbitrariness when integrability condition for spin tensor is satisfied. Some aspects of geometrization principle and geometrical conventionalism of Poincare are discussed in a light of the obtained results.Comment: The paper is developed version of talk, presented at the conference RusGrav-2010 (June 2010, Moscow), submitted to GR