Blood gas and serum biochemical RIs for healthy newborn Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Background: There is a lack of published work on RIs for newborn buffaloes. Establishing blood gas and serum biochemical RIs for newborn buffaloes is important for monitoring health. Objectives: This study establishes blood gas and serum biochemical RIs of newborn buffaloes. Methods: Twenty‐eight newborn buffaloes, 10–30 days old, were selected. Thirty blood biochemical variables were analyzed. The Anderson–Darling test was used to assess the normality of the distribution. The Dixon test and the Tukey test were used to identify outliers. The RI and 90% CI were determined using standard and robust methods and the Box–Cox transformation. Results: A total of 30 RIs for healthy buffalo calves have been reported in this study. RIs for blood gas variables were reported for pH, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), saturation of O2 (SO2), bicarbonate (cHCO3−), base excess (BE), total carbon dioxide (ctCO2), and anion gap (AG). RIs for serum biochemical variables were reported for glucose (GLU), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB), AST, ALP, GGT, CK, LDH, creatinine (CREA), urea, cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TG), Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, iCa, Cl, iron, total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB). Conclusions: This is the first reported study covering complete serum chemistry and blood gas RIs for healthy 1‐month‐old Murrah buffaloes

Optimization of Operational Parameters and Bath Control for Electrodeposion of Ni-Mo-B Amorphous Alloys

A otimização de parâmetros operacionais de um processo de eletrodeposição de camada metálica amorfa de liga níquel-molibdênio contendo boro sobre um catodo utilizando um banho de sulfato de níquel, molibdato de sódio, fosfato de boro, citrato de sódio, 1-docecilsulfato de sódio e hidróxido de amônio para pH 9,5 foi estudada. Estudos detalhados sobre o efeito da temperatura do banho, agitação mecânica, densidade de corrente catódica e formato de ânodo conduziu às condições ótimas para obtenção de depósitos de ligas satisfatórias. A mais alta eficiência catódica, cerca de 69% para ânodo cilíndrico e 64% para ânodo retengular de platina, foi obtida a 80 o C, 15 rpm e 100 mA cm -2 . Um método voltamétrico para controle e monitoramento automático do processo foi proposto. Optimization of operational parameters of an electrodeposition process for deposition of boroncontaining amorphous metallic layer of nickel-molybdenum alloy onto a cathode from an electrolytic bath having nickel sulfate, sodium molybdate, boron phosphate, sodium citrate, sodium-1-dodecylsulfate and ammonia for pH adjustments to 9.5 has been studied. Detailed studies of the efects on bath temperature, mechanical agitation, cathode current density and anode format have led to optimum operational conditions for obtaining satisfactory alloy deposits. The highest cathode current efficiency for deposition of the alloy was about 69% for cylindrical and 64% for rectangular platinum anode while working at bath temperature 80 o C, cathode rotation 15 rpm and cathode current density 100 mA cm -2 . A voltammetric method for automatic monitoring and control of the process was proposed

Lipidomic approach of the biological activity of tacrine and two tacrine-analogues on non-synaptic rat brain mitochondria

Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), FEDER and COMPET

An experimental investigation of trailing-edge noise reduction due to elasticity

The proximity of the source and an edge can make the acoustic scattering by wings a significant source of aerodynamic sound. Theoretical results have shown that elastic edges lead to reductions of acoustic scattering; however, experimental confirmation of theoretical trends is difficult, since surface vibrations modify both the source structure and the scattering properties. A simplified, controlled setting for measurements of acoustic scattering, allowing the evaluation of fluid-structure interactions, would thus be desirable to study how elastic edges modify the radiated sound. We present an experimental procedure to isolate the scattered field using a loudspeaker in the vicinity of at plates. The methodology is applied to three different plates, made of steel, aluminum and carbon fiber, as a demonstration. The responses of these elastic plates are studied for a sound source of dipole type near the trailing edge. The method is based on the experimental determination of frequency response functions between source and radiated sound for experiments with and without the plate; subtraction of results, accounting for amplitude and phase, isolates the scattered field. Experimental results treated with the developed procedure were compared with predictions made by numerical simulations performed with a Boundary Element Method (BEM), coupling the acoustic problem with the plate vibration. The comparison between experimental and numerical results revealed that a two-dimensional model can predict satisfactorily the reductions in scattered field by elastic plates observed in the experiment. The present methods can be used to support the choice between different materials for edges focusing on their respective acoustic benefit

Microstructure and morphoquantitative study of pineal gland in santa ines sheep

O presente estudo avaliou os aspectos morfoquantitativos e qualitativos da glândula pineal em fêmeas de ovinos da raça Santa Inês em atividade reprodutiva e anestro fisiológico. Foram utilizados sete ovinos, fêmeas e adultas, coletados em frigoríficos da região de Brasília-DF. Estes não apresentavam sinais clínicos relacionados a afecções do sistema nervoso. Os encéfalos foram retirados e suas dimensões mensuradas. Posteriormente foram seccionados para expor a glândula pineal e mensurar suas dimensões. Os fragmentos do diencéfalo, contendo a glândula pineal, foram submersos em solução aquosa a 20% de formaldeído e posteriormente submetidos a técnicas histológicas convencionais. Para a avaliação morfoquantitativa desta glândula, foram empregadas as colorações Hematoxilia-Eosina, Azul de Toluidina e Tricrômio de Gomori. O encéfalo teve um comprimento médio de 67,25 ± 1,75 mm e a largura média de 58,97 ± 4,0 mm. Já a glândula pineal apresentou o comprimento médio de 6,98 ± 0,79 mm e a largura média de 6,40 ± 1,35 mm. Diante da análise microscópica, foi obtida uma média de 86,27 ± 30,44 pinealócitos por campo. Ao ser aplicado o teste de correlação de Pearson, o número de pinealócitos apresentou fraca correlação linear negativa (r = -0,11) em relação ao comprimento da glândula pineal e uma fraca correlação linear positiva (r = 0,39) em relação à largura da mesma. Portanto o número de pinealócitos apresenta uma maior correlação com a largura da glândula do que com o seu comprimento. Mastócitos estiveram presentes em apenas um animal (14,28%) e as concreções calcareas foram observadas em dois animais (28,57%). A glândula se mostrou envolta por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo com ausência de projeções para o parênquima. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis study examined morphologic aspects of the pineal gland in Santa Ines sheep in anoestrus physiological and reproductive activity. Seven female adult sheep were collected at slaughterhouses in the region of Brasilia-DF, with no clinical signs related to diseases of the nervous system were used. The brains were removed and their dimensions were measured. The brains were sectioned to expose and measure the pineal gland. The fragments of the diencephalon containing the pineal gland were immersed in 20% formaldehyde solution. Subsequently, the fragments were submitted to conventional histological techniques. The Hematoxylin-eosin, Toluidine blue and Gomori trichrome staining were used for a morphoquantitative analysis. The brain had an average length of 67.25 ± 1.75 mm and average width of 58.97 ± 4.0 mm. The pineal gland had an average length of 6.98 ± 0.79 mm and average width of 6.40 ± 1.35 mm. The quantitative analysis showed an average 86.27 ± 30.44 of pinealocytes per field. According to the Pearson correlation test, the number of pinealocytes showed a weak negative linear correlation (r = -0.11) with the length of the pineal gland and a weak positive linear correlation (r = 0.39) with the width. Therefore, the number of pinealocytes has a stronger correlation with the width of the gland compared to the length. Mastocytes were present in only one animal (14.28%). Calcareous concretions were observed in two animals (28.57%). The connective tissue formed the capsule surrounding the gland with no projections into the parenchyma

Molecular characterization of Listeria monocytogenes from beef samples and cattle slaughterhouses located in the Federal District, Brazil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a detecção de cepas de Listeria monocytogenes de cortes cárneos bovinos bem como no ambiente de abatedouros frigoríficos localizados no Distrito Federal, promover a sorotipificação pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), realizar antibiograma e submeter às cepas à eletroforese de campo pulsado (Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis - PFGE). Foram analisados um total de 125 cortes cárneos bovinos, 45 amostras de swabs de carcaças e 43 amostras de swabs em que foram detectados 13 cepas de Listeria monocytogenes, sendo 11 em cortes cárneos bovinos e 2 swabs de ambiente em um abatedouro frigorifico. Não foram isoladas cepas de swabs de carcaça. Dentre as 13 cepas de Listeria monocytogenes foram encontradas seis cepas do sorotipo 4b, cinco do sorotipo 1/2c e duas cepas do sorotipo 1/2a. Dentre as 11 cepas de L. monocytogenes encontradas em cortes cárneos bovino, uma (9,1%) cepa apresentou resistência a eritromicina, outra (9,1%) cepa a gentamicina e outra a ciprofloxacina (9,1%) e todas as cepas (100%) apresentaram resistência ao Ác. Nalidíxico. Das duas (2) cepas oriundas de ralos de abatedouro frigorífico, todas (100%) apresentaram resistência ao Ác. Nalidíxico e a sulfonamidas. A análise por eletroforese de campo pulsante (PFGE) demonstrou 13 diferentes pulsotipos, em que foram agrupados em 3 diferentes grupos clonais, que coincidentemente se correlacionavam com os 3 diferentes sorotipos encontrados sugerindo uma ampla disseminação desses perfis no Distrito Federal.The aim of the study was the analysis of Listeria monocytogenes strains in beef samples as well as slaughterhouse environment, located in the Federal District, promote serotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), perform antibiotic susceptibility and submit the strains to Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). A total of 125 beef samples were analyzed, 45 samples of carcasses swabs and 43 swab samples. It detected 13 strains of Listeria monocytogenes, 11 in beef samples. and 2 in slaughterhouse environment. No carcass swabs strains were isolated. Among the 13 strains of L. monocytogenes six strains of serotype 4b were found, five serotype 1/2c and two strains of serotype 1/2a. Among the 11 strains of L. monocytogenes found in beef, one (9.1%) strain showed resistance to erythromycin, one (9.1%) strain to gentamicin, one to ciprofloxacin (9.1%) and all strains (100%) were resistant to nalidixic acid. The two strains coming from the slaughterhouse drains, all (100%) were resistant to nalidixic acid and Sulfonamides. The analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed 13 different pulsotypes; they were grouped into three different clonal groups, coincidentally correlated with the three different serotypes found, what suggests a widespread dissemination of these profiles in the Federal District, Brazil

Risk of chronic arthralgia and impact of pain on daily activities in a cohort of patients with chikungunya virus infection from Brazil

Objectives: To investigate risk factors for persistent arthralgia in patients with chikungunya, and describe its impact on daily activities. Methods: From September 2014 to July 2016, a surveillance study enrolled patients with acute febrile illness in Salvador, Brazil, and detected those with chikungunya virus infection using IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Telephone follow-ups were performed to ascertain the progression of disease. Results: Of 153 followed cases, 65 (42.5%) reported chronic arthralgia that lasted >3 months, and 47 (30.7%) were still symptomatic at the time of the interview (approximately 1.5 years after symptom onset). Limitations in daily activities and mental distress were reported by 93.8% and 61.5% of those with chronic arthralgia, respectively. Female sex [risk ratio (RR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95–2.69] and age (RR 1.02 for each 1-year increase, 95% CI 1.01–1.03) were independent risk factors for chronic arthralgia. Chronic arthralgia was not associated with co-infection with dengue virus (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.48–1.94) or chikungunya viral load at diagnosis (median chikungunya virus RNA of 5.60 and 5.52 log10 copies/μL for those with and without chronic arthralgia, respectively; P = 0.75). Conclusions: These findings reinforce the high frequency of chronic chikungunya arthralgia, and highlight the substantial disability associated with the persistence of pain. Development of novel strategies to mitigate the transmission of chikungunya virus and to provide long-term medical assistance for patients with chikungunya are needed urgently.Fil: Silva, Monaíse M. O.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Kikuti, Mariana. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Anjos, Rosângela O.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Portilho, Moyra M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Santos, Viviane C.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Gonçalves, Thaiza S.F.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Tauro, Laura Beatriz. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Moreira, Patrícia S. S.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Jacob Nascimento, Leile C.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Santana, Perla M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Campos, Gúbio S.. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Siqueira, André M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Kitron, Uriel D.. University of Emory; Estados Unidos. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Reis, Mitermayer G.. University of Yale; Estados Unidos. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Ribeiro, Guilherme S.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasi

Severe Plasmodium vivax Malaria, Brazilian Amazon

We describe a case series of 17 patients hospitalized in Manaus (western Brazilian Amazon) with PCR-confirmed Plasmodium vivax infection who were treated with chloroquine and primaquine. The major complications were jaundice and severe anemia. No in vivo chloroquine resistance was detected. These data help characterize the clinical profile of severe P. vivax malaria in Latin America