Effects Of Long-term Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation On Anaerobic Performance Of Trained Young Adults [efeitos Da Suplementação Prolongada De Creatina Mono-hidratada Sobre O Desempenho Anaeróbio De Adultos Jovens Treinados]

The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of eight weeks of creatine monohydrate (Crm) supplementation on the anaerobic performance of young trained adults. Twenty-six healthy male physical education students were randomly divided in creatine group (CrG, n = 13; 22.5 ± 2.7 years; 74.9 ± 6.8 kg; 178.5 ± 4.8 cm) and placebo group (PlG, n = 13; 22.9 ± 3.2 years; 71.9 ± 11.3 kg; 178.6 ± 4.0 cm). The subjects received in a double-blind system a Crm or placebo-maltodextrin dose (20 g.d-1 for 5 days and 3 g.d-1 for 51 subsequent days). Both groups had their eating habits and levels of physical fitness previously controlled. The Wingate anaerobic test (WT) was used to evaluate the anaerobic performance before and after the ingestion period of Crm or placebo. The performance indexes assessed were: relative peak power (RPP), relative mean power (RMP), relative total work (RTW) and index of fatigue (IF). ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test were used when P<0.05 for statistical treatment. No significant difference in RPP, RMP, RTW or IF was observed after the period of supplementation of Crm (P>0.05). The results of the present study suggest that Crm supplementation does not seem to be an efficient ergogenic resource in high-intensity and short-duration efforts involving a single set.163186190Mesa, J.L., Ruiz, J.R., Gonzalez-Gross, M.M., Gutierrez-Sainz, A., Garzon, M.J.C., Oral creatine supplementation and skeletal muscle metabolism in physical exercise (2002) Sports Med, 32, pp. 903-944Branch, J.D., Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: A meta-analysis (2003) Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, 13, pp. 198-226Persky, A.M., Rawson, E.S., Safety of creatine supplementation (2007) Subcell Biochem, 46, pp. 275-289Brudnak, M.A., Creatine: Are the benefits worth the risk? 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AtenasVandenberghe, K., van Hecke, P., van Leemputte, M., Vanstapel, F., Hespel, P., Phosphocreatine resynthesis is not affected by creatine loading (1999) Med Sci Sports Exercise, 31, pp. 236-242Bar-Or, O., The Wingate anaerobic test: An update on methodology, reliability and validity (1987) Sports Med, 4, pp. 381-394Havenetidis, K., Matsouka, O., Cooke, C.B., Theodorou, A., The use of varying creatine regimes on sprint cycling (2003) J Sports Sci Med, 2, pp. 88-97Snow, R.J., Murphy, R.M., Factors influencing creatine loading into human skeletal muscle (2003) Exercise Sport Sci Rev, 31, pp. 154-158Position stand: Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults (2002) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 34, pp. 364-380. , American College of Sports MedicineGordon, C.C., Chumlea, W.C., Roche, A.F., Stature, recumbent length, and weight (1988) Anthropometric Standardization Reference Manual, pp. 3-8. , In: Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorell R., editors, Champaign: Human KineticsHespel, P., 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(1980) Clin Chem, 26, pp. 1119-1126Barr, S.I., Rideout, C.A., Nutritional considerations for vegetarian athletes (2004) Nutrition, 20, pp. 696-703Odland, L.M., Macdougall, J.D., Tarnopolsky, M.A., Elorriaga, A., Borgmann, A., Effect of oral creatine supplementation on muscle [PCr] and short-term maximum power output (1997) Med Sci Sports Exercise, 29, pp. 216-219Cooke, W.H., Grandjean, P.W., Barnes, W.S., Effect of oral creatine supplementation on power output and fatigue during bicycle ergometry (1995) J Appl Physiol, 78, pp. 670-673Dawson, B., Cutler, M., Moody, A., Lawrence, S., Goodman, C., Randall, N., Effects of oral creatine loading on single and repeated maximal short sprints (1995) Aust J Sci Med Sport, 27, pp. 56-61Snow, R.J., McKenna, M.J., Selig, S.E., Kemp, J., Stathis, C.G., Zhao, S., Effect of creatine supplementation on sprint exercise performance and muscle metabolism (1998) J Appl Physiol, 84, pp. 1667-1673Ledford, A., Branch, J.D., Creatine supplementation does not increase peak power production and work capacity during repetitive wingate testing in women (1999) J Strength Cond Res, 13, pp. 394-399Earnest, C.P., Snell, P.G., Rodriguez, R., Almada, A.L., Mitchell, T.L., The effect of creatine monohydrate ingestion on anaerobic power indices, muscular strength and body composition (1995) Acta Physiol Scand, 153, pp. 207-209Casey, A., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Howell, S., Hultman, E., Greenhaff, P.L., Creatine ingestion favorably affects performance and muscle metabolism during maximal exercise in humans (1996) Am J Physiol, 271, pp. 31-37Green, J.M., McLester, J.R., Smith, J.E., Mansfield, E.R., The effects of creatine supplementation on repeated upper- and lower-body Wingate performance (2001) J Strength Cond Res, 15, pp. 36-41Tarnopolsky, M.A., Maclennan, D.P., Creatine monohydrate supplementation enhances high-intensity exercise performance in males and females (2000) Int J Sport Nutr Exercise Metab, 10, pp. 452-463Kurosawa, Y., Hamaoka, T., 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Influence Of Music And Its Moments Of Application On Performance And Psychophysiological Parameters During A 5km Time Trial

Objective. The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of music introduced in different moments in a 5-km time-trial cycling (TT5KM) on psychophysical variables. Methods. Ten trained cyclists participated in this study (24 ± 1 years; 73.5 ± 10.4 kg; 180 ± 12 cm). The participants performed the TT5KM in three distinct conditions: music during warm-up (MW), music during the protocol (MP) and control (C). During all conditions the time (T), power output (W), heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was evaluated and the mood state was assessed with the BRUMS questionnaire. After descriptive statistics, data normality was confirmed using the Shapiro-Wilk's test. Mean performance, performance at each 500m, RPE at each 1000m and mood state were compared with ANOVA two way for repeated measures (moment x condition). The significance level was set at p<0.05. A parallel statistic was used to find the smallest worthwhile change of all variables to verify the possibility of the effect to be trivial, beneficial or prejudicial. Results. None of the variables showed any difference between groups (p>0.05), but there is a possibility of RPE to be smaller when the subject listen music during (90%) or before (93%) the test compared with control condition. Conclusion. 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Articulate Torque And Electromyographic Activity Of Biceps Femoris And Semitendinosus Muscles During Isokinetic Knee Flexion Movements In Soccer Athletes [torque Articular E Atividade Eletromiográfica Dos Músculos Bíceps Femoral E Semitendíneo Durante Movimentos Isocinéticos De Flexão Do Joelho Em Atletas De Futebol]

The objective of the present study was to analyze the articulate torque (TO) and the electromyographic activity (EMG) of soccer athlete's long head Biceps Femoris (BF) and Semitendinosus (ST) muscles during isokinetic knee flexion movements (concentric-CON and eccentric-ECC actions) at differing velocities, carried out in the ventral decubitus position. Fourteen soccer players aged 19 and 20 years old (71.2 ± 6.5 kg, 176.6 ± 6.4 cm) were enrolled from the Associação Atlética Ponte Preta under- 20 team. They followed a protocol specifying 5 repetitions of flexion (CON and ECC action) of the knee at three velocities (60, 180 and 300°/s) at random. The recovery interval between series adopted was 3 minutes. EMG Activity was recorded using surface electrodes and data were expressed in terms of root mean squares (RMS). Statistical analysis employed analysis of variance (Friedman test) for repeated measures followed by the Wilcoxon test when necessary, with the level of significance set at P<0.05. The highest TO figures were observed at 60°/s velocity in the CON phase. There was no significant variation in TO between different velocities in the ECC contraction. Moreover, the ECC phase had higher TO values, irrespective of velocity or repetitions. Some of the repetitions of the CON phase at 60°/s exhibited significant difference between the BF and ST muscles. However, in general, the RMS values were not significantly modified by variations in velocity or type of contraction in the BF and ST muscles. Finally, the RMS/TO ratio was not linear under the experimental conditions studied, since, although TO values were different at different velocities and between CON and ECC contraction, whereas the RMS values remained steady.93262270Enoka, M.R., (2000) Bases Neuromecânicas da Cinesiologia, , 2 Ed., Manole, São PauloOkano, A.H., Moraes, A.C., Bankoff, A.D.P., Cyrino, E.S., Respostas eletromiográficas dos musculos vasto lateral, vasto medial e reto femoral durante esforço intermitente anaeróbio em ciclistas (2005) Motriz, 11 (1), pp. 11-24Rahnama, N., Lees, A., Reilly, T., Electromyography of selected lower-limb muscles fatigued by exercise at the intensity of soccer match-play (2006) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 16 (3), pp. 257-263Bankoff, A.D., Fonseca Neto, D.R., Zago, L.C., Moraes, A.C., Electromyographical study of the pectoralis major (sternocostal part) and deltoid muscles (middle fibers) in volleyball sequential actions (2006) Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol, 46 (1), pp. 27-33Cannon, D.T., Kolkhorst, F.W., Cipriani, D.J., Effect of pedaling technique on muscle activity and cycling efficiency (2007) Eur J Appl Physiol, 99 (6), pp. 659-664Pinto Neto, O., Magini, M., Electromiographic and kinematic characteristics of Kung Fu Yau-Man palm strike (2007) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 17 (4), pp. 268-275Gonçalves, M., Eletromiografia e a identificação da fadiga muscular (2006) Rev Bras Educ Fís Esp, 20 (5), pp. 91-93Wikstrom, E.A., Tillman, M.D., Chmielewski, T.L., Borsa, P.A., Measurement and evaluation of dynamic joint stability of the knee and ankle after injury (2006) Sports Med, 36 (5), pp. 393-410White, K.K., Lee, S.S., Cutuk, A., Hargens, A.R., Pedowitz, R.A., EMG power spectra of intercollegiate athletes and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in females (2003) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 35 (3), pp. 371-376Greig, M.P., McNaughton, L.R., Lovell, R.J., Physiological and mechanical response to soccer-specific intermittent activity and steady-state activity (2006) Res Sports Med, 14 (1), pp. 29-52Anastasiadis, S., Anogeianaki, A., Anogianakis, G., Koutsonikolas, D., Koutsonikola, P., Real time estimation of physical activity and physiological performance reserves of players during a game of soccer (2004) Stud Health Technol Inform, 98 (1), pp. 13-15Jacobs, R., Bobbert, M.F., Van Ingen Schenau, G.J., Function of mono-and biarticular muscles in running (1993) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 25 (10), pp. 1163-1173Kapandji, I.A., (2000) Fisiologia Articular, p. 150. , 5 ed. 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(2000) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 32 (3), pp. 647-653So, R., Chan, K., Siu, O., EMG power frequency spectrum shif ts during repeated isokinetic knee and arm movements (2002) Res Q Exerc Sport, 73 (1), pp. 98-106Kellis, E., Baltzopoulos, V., The effects of the antagonist moment on the resultant knee joint moment during isokinetic testing of the knee extensors (1997) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 76 (3), pp. 253-259Kellis, E., Baltzopoulos, V., Muscle activation differences between eccentric and concentric isokinetic exercise (1998) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 30 (11), pp. 1616-1623Cresswell, A.G., Ovendal, H.A., Muscle activation and torque development during maximal unilateral and bilateral isokinetic knee extensions (2002) J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 42 (1), pp. 19-25Li, G., Kaufman, R.K., Chaos, Y.E., Rubash, E.H., Prediction of antagonistic muscles forces using inverse dynamic optimization during flexion/extension of the knee (1999) J Biomech Eng, 121 (3), pp. 316-322Larsson, B., Karlsson, S., Eriksson, M., Gerdle, B., Test-retest reliability of EMG and peak torque during repetitive maximum concentric knee extension (2003) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 13 (3), pp. 281-287Onishi, H., Yagi, R., Oyama, M., Akasaka, K., Ihashi, K., Handa, Y., EMG-angle relationship of the hamstring muscle during maximum knee flexion (2002) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 12 (5), pp. 399-406Osternig, R.L., James, R.C., Bercades, T.D., Eccentric knee flexor torque following anterior cruciate ligament surgery (1996) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 28 (10), pp. 1229-1234Gordon, C.C., Chumlea, W.C., Roche, A.P., Stature, recumbent length, and weight (1988) Anthropometric standardization reference manual, , In: Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorel R, editors, Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 3-8Perrin, H.D., (1993) Isokinetic exercise and assessment, p. 212. , Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics PublishersTerreri, A.P.S.A., Greve, M.D.J., Amatuzzi, M.M., Avaliação isocinética no joelho do atleta (2001) Rev Bras Med Esporte, 7 (2), pp. 62-66Hermens, H.J., Freriks, B., Disselhorst-Klug, C., Rau, G., Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures (2000) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 10 (5), pp. 361-374Merletti, R., Hermens, H., Introduction to the special issue on the SENIAM European Concerted Action (2000) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 10 (5), pp. 283-286Griffin, W.J., Tooms, E.R., Zwaag, V.R., Bertorini, E.T., O'toole, L.M., Eccentric muscle performance of elbow and knee muscle groups in untrained men and women (1993) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 25 (8), pp. 936-944Kay, D., St. Clair Gibson, A., Mitchell, M.J., Lambert, M.I., Noakes, T.D., Different neuromuscular recruitment patterns during eccentric, concentric and isometric contrations (2000) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 10 (6), pp. 425-431Linamo, V., Moritani, T., Nicol, C., Komi, P.V., Motor unit activation patterns during isometric, concentric and eccentric actions at different force levels (2003) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 13 (1), pp. 93-101Basmajian, J.V., De Luca, C.J., (1985) Muscle alive: Their functions revealed by electromyography, p. 561. , 5th edition, Baltimore, Willians & WilkinsOsternig, L.R., Hamill, J., Corcos, D.M., Lander, J., Electromyographic patterns accompanying isokinetic exercise under var ying speed and sequencing conditions (1984) Am J Phys Med, 63 (6), pp. 289-297Miller, J.P., Croce, R.V., Hutchins, R., Reciprocal coactivation patterns of the medial and lateral quadríceps and hamstrings during slow, medium and high speed movements (2000) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 10 (4), pp. 233-239Snow, J.C., Cooper, J., Quanbury, O.A., Anderson, E.J., Antagonist co-contraction of knee extensors during constant velocity muscle shortening and lengthening (1995) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 5 (3), pp. 185-192Hagood, S., Solomonow, M., Baratta, R., Zhou, H., D'Ambrosia, R., The effect of joint velocity on the contribution of the antagonist musculature to knee stiffness and laxity (1990) Am J Sports Med, 18 (2), pp. 182-187Lindström, B., Gerdle, B., Forsgren, L., Repeated maximum reciprocal knee movements in patients with minimal overt symptoms after ischaemic stroke: An evaluation of mechanical performance and EMG (1998) Scand J Rehabil Med, 30 (1), pp. 47-54Ghori, G.M.U., Donne, B., Luckwill, R.G., Relationship between torque and EMG activity of a knee extensor muscle during isokinetic concentric and eccentric actions (1995) J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 5 (2), pp. 109-11

Spectral Analysis Of Electromyographic Signal In Supramaximal Effort In Cycle Ergometer Using Fourier And Wavelet Transforms: A Comparative Study

Objective. The objective of this study was to compare these methods Fourier (STFT) and Wavelet (WT) transforms to assess muscle fatigue during supramaximal exercise. Methods. Twenty five subjects of both genders (13 men, age = 28.2 ± 2.7 years and 12 women, age = 23.2 ± 2.7 years) performed the Wingate test, during which the electromyographic responses of the superficial muscles of the quadriceps were examined. For analysis we used the STFT and WT transforms, which provided the following variables: median frequency (MF), slope and variance. Results. The results showed no differences (P > 0.05) in MF and slope. However, there were differences for the variance between the analysis (P < 0.05). Conclusion. It seems that both analyzes provide the same physiological parameters, however, the WT transform shows less variance between the results. © 2012 Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte.524852Enoka, R.M., Stuart, D.G., Neurobiology of muscle fatigue (1992) J Appl Physiol., 72, pp. 1631-1648Nybo, L., Nielsen, B., Perceived exertion is associated with an altered brain activity during exercise with progressive hyperthermia (2001) J Appl Physiol., 91, pp. 2017-2023Hummel, A., Laubli, T., Pozzo, M., Schenk, P., Spillmann, S., Klipstein, A., Relationship between perceived exertion and mean power frequency of the EMG signal from the upper trapezius muscle during isometric shoulder elevation (2005) Eur J Appl Physiol., 95, pp. 321-326Laubli, T., Hermens, H., Sjogaard, G., Neuromuscular assessment of the elderly worker, New: A multidisciplinary European research project (2006) Eur J Appl Physiol., 96, pp. 107-109Troiano, A., Naddeo, F., Sosso, E., Camarota, G., Merletti, R., Mesin, L., Assessment of force and fatigue in isometric contractions of the upper trapezius muscle by surface EMG signal and perceived exertion scale (2008) Gait Posture., 28, pp. 179-186Oliveira, S., Gonçalves, M., EMG amplitude and frequency parameters of muscular activity: Effect of resistance training based on electromyographic fatigue threshold (2009) J Electromyogr Kinesiol., 19, pp. 295-303Ng, J.K., Richardson, C.A., Kippers, V., Parnianpour, M., Bui, B.H., Clinical applications of power spectral analysis of electromyographic investigations in muscle function (1996) Man Ther., 1, pp. 99-103Knaflitz, M., Bonato, P., Time-frequency methods applied to muscle fatigue assessment during dynamic contractions (1999) J Electromyogr Kinesiol., 9, pp. 337-350Bonato, P., Roy, S.H., Knaflitz, M., De Luca, C.J., Time-frequency parameters of the surface myoelectric signal for assessing muscle fatigue during cyclic dynamic contractions (2001) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng., 48, pp. 745-753Beck, T.W., Housh, T.J., Johnson, G.O., Weir, J.P., Cramer, J.T., Coburn, J.W., Comparison of fourier and wavelet transform procedures for examining the mechanomyographic and electromyographic frequency domain responses during fatiguing isokinetic muscle actions of the biceps brachii (2005) J Electromyogr Kinesiol., 15, pp. 190-199Dantas, J.L., Camata, T.V., Brunetto, M.A., Moraes, A.C., Abrão, T., Altimari, L.R., Fourier and wavelet spectral analysis of EMG signals in isometric and dynamic maximal effort exercise (2010) Conference Proceedings (IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conf), 1, pp. 5979-5982Camata, T.V., Dantas, J.L., Abrão, T., Brunetto, M.A., Moraes, A.C., Altimari, L.R., Fourier and wavelet spectral analysis of EMG signals in supramaximal constant load dynamic exercise (2010) Conference Proceedings (IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conf), 1, pp. 1364-1367Vitor-Costa, M., Pereira, L.A., Oliveira, R.S., Pedro, R.E., Camata, T.V., Abrão, T., Fourier and wavelet spectral analysis of EMG signals in maximal constant load dynamic exercise (2010) Conference Proceedings (IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conf), 1, pp. 4622-4625Von Tscharner, V., Goepfert, B., Estimation of the interplay between groups of fast and slow muscle fibers of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle while running (2006) J Electromyogr Kinesiol., 16, pp. 188-197Sparto, P.J., Parnianpour, M., Barria, E.A., Jagadeesh, J.M., Wavelet analysis of electromyography for back muscle fatigue detection during isokinetic constant-torque exertions (1999) Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 24, pp. 1791-1798Hostens, I., Seghers, J., Spaepen, A., Ramon, H., Validation of the wavelet spectral estimation technique in biceps brachii and brachioradialis fatigue assessment during prolonged low-level static and dynamic contractions (2004) J Electromyogr Kinesiol., 14, pp. 205-215Da Silva, R.A., Lariviere, C., Arsenault, A.B., Nadeau, S., Plamondon, A., The comparison of Wavelet-and Fourier-based electromyographic indices of back muscle fatigue during dynamic contractions: Validity and reliability results (2008) Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol., 48, pp. 147-162Karlsson, S., Yu, J., Akay, M., Time-frequency analysis of myoelectric signals during dynamic contractions: A comparative study (2000) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng., 47, pp. 228-238Ponorac, N., Matavulj, A., Rajkovaca, Z., Kovacevic, P., The assessment of anaerobic capacity in athletes of various sports (2007) Med Pregl., 60, pp. 427-430Bar-Or, O., The Wingate anaerobic test. An update on methodology, reliability and validity (1987) Sports Med., 4, pp. 381-394Hunter, A.M., St. Clair Gibson, A., Lambert, M.I., Nobbs, L., Noakes, T.D., Effects of supramaximal exercise on the electromyographic signal (2003) Br J Sports Med., 37, pp. 296-299Minahan, C., Wood, C., Strength training improves supramaximal cycling but not anaerobic capacity (2008) Eur J Appl Physiol., 102, pp. 659-666Havenetidis, K., Matsouka, O., Konstadinou, V., Establishment of the highest peak anaerobic power prior to the commencement of the anaerobic wingate test (2003) J Hum Mov Stud., 44, pp. 479-487Merletti, R., Rainoldi, A., Farina, D., Surface electromyography for non-invasive characterization of muscle (2001) Exerc Sport Sci Ver., 29, pp. 20-25Hermens, H.J., Freriks, B., Disselhorst-Klug, C., Rau, G., Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures (2000) J Electromyogr Kinesiol., 10, pp. 361-37

Emg Signal Spectral Analysis Of Superficial Quadriceps Muscles During Constant Load Submaximal Cycling Exercise [análise Espectral Do Sinal Emg Dos Músculos Superficiais Do Quadríceps Durante Exercício Submáximo De Carga Constante No Cicloergômetro]

The objective of this study was to investigate possible differences in the EMG signal spectral analysis of the superficial quadriceps muscles, using the techniques short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and continues Wavelet (CWT) db4 type during constant load submaximal cycling exercise. Fourteen male subjects, healthy and physically active (25.8 ± 3.3 years, 82.1 ± 7.3 kg, 181.3 ± 5.5 cm) were submitted to constant load submaximal test (Tcons) with exercise intensity corresponding to 80% of maximum load until voluntary exhaustion. The EMG of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM) and rectus femoris (RF) of the right leg were recorded throughout the period of the Tcons to obtain the parameters: median frequency (MF), fatigue index EMG (FIslp) and variance of MF. The results showed no statistically significant differences for the variables MF, FIslp and variance of MF in any of the muscles examined in different time periods, when comparing STFT and CWT (P> 0.05). Thus, our findings suggest the use of both analytical techniques in constant load submaximal cycling exercise when the target is to quantify muscle fatigue with EMG spectral indicators.222211220Barria, E.A., Jagadeesh, J.M., Multiresolution estimation of motion using the wavelet transform Proceedings (1994) Spie, 2303 (2), pp. 542-553. , LondonBeck, T.W., Housh, T.J., Johnson, G.O., Weir, J.P., Cramer, J.T., Coburn, J.W., Malek, M.H., Comparison of Fourier and wavelet transform procedures for examining the mechanomyographic and electromyographic frequency domain responses during fatiguing isokinetic muscle actions of the biceps brachii (2005) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 15 (2), pp. 190-199. , DOI 10.1016/j.jelekin.2004.08.007, PII S105064110400077XBigland-Ritchie, B., Rice, C.L., Garland, S.J., Walsh, M.L., Task-dependent factors in fatigue of human voluntary contractions (1995) Fatigue: Neural and Muscular Mechanisms, pp. 361-380. , GANDEVIA, S.C. et al. New York: Plenum PressBonato, P., Roy, S.H., Knaflitz, M., De Luca, C.J., Time frequency parameters of the surface myoelectric signal for assessing muscle fatigue during cyclic dynamic contractions (2001) IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 48 (7), pp. 745-753. , DOI 10.1109/10.930899, PII S0018929401051321Camata, T.V., Lacerda, T.R., Altimari, L.R., Bortolloti, H., Fontes, E.B., Dantas, J.L., Nakamura, F.Y., Moraes, A.C., Association between the electromyographic fatigue threshold and ventilatory threshold (2009) Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 49 (6-7), pp. 102-108. , LeuvenCamata, T.V., Dantas, J.L., Abrao, T., Brunetto, M.A., Moraes, A.C., Altimari, L.R., Fourier and Wavelet spectral analysis of EMG signals in supramaximal constant load dynamic exercise (2010) Conference Proceedings IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1 (1), pp. 1364-1367. , Buenos AiresCarneiro, J.G., Gonçalves, E.M., Camata, T.V., Altimari, J.M., MacHado, M.V., Batista, A.R., Guerra Junior, G., Altimari, L.R., Influence of gender on EMG signs of the quadriceps muscles and performance in shortterm high-intensity exercise (2010) Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 50 (7-8), pp. 326-332. , LeuvenDa Silva, R.A., Lariviere, C., Arsenault, A.B., Nadeau, S., Plamondon, A., The comparison of wavelet- and Fourier-based electromyographic indices of back muscle fatigue during dynamic contractions: Validity and reliability results (2008) Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 48 (3-4), pp. 147-162Dantas, J.L., Camata, T.V., Brunetto, M.A., Moraes, A.C., Abrão, T., Altimari, L.R., Fourier and Wavelet spectral analysis of EMG signals in isometric and dynamic maximal effort exercise (2010) Conference Proceedings IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1 (1), pp. 5979-5982. , Buenos AiresDaubechies, I., (1992) Ten Lectures on Wavelets, CBMSNSF Conference Series in Applied Mathematics, , 1 ed., Ed. SIAMDe Luca, C.J., The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics (1997) Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 13 (2), pp. 135-163Flanders, M., Choosing a wavelet for single-trial EMG (2002) Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 116 (2), pp. 165-177. , DOI 10.1016/S0165-0270(02)00038-9, PII S0165027002000389Hermens, H.J., Freriks, B., Disselhorstklug, C., Rau, G., Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures (2000) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 10 (5), pp. 361-374. , OxfordHostens, I., Seghers, J., Spaepen, A., Ramon, H., Validation of the wavelet spectral estimation technique in Biceps Brachii and Brachioradialis fatigue assessment during prolonged low-level static and dynamic contractions (2004) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 14 (2), pp. 205-215. , DOI 10.1016/S1050-6411(03)00101-9Hug, F., Laplaud, D., Lucia, A., Grelot, L., A comparison of visual and mathematical detection of the electromyographic threshold during incremental pedaling exercise: A pilot study (2006) Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20 (3), pp. 704-708. , DOI 10.1519/R-17405.1Hummel, A., Laubli, T., Pozzo, M., Schenk, P., Spillmann, S., Klipstein, A., Relationship between perceived exertion and mean power frequency of the EMG signal from the upper trapezius muscle during isometric shoulder elevation (2005) European Journal of Applied Physiology, 95 (4), pp. 321-326. , DOI 10.1007/s00421-005-0014-7Hunter, A.M., St Clair Gibson, A., Lambert, M.I., Nobbs, L., Noakes, T.D., Effects of supramaximal exercise on the electromyographic signal (2003) British Journal of Sports Medicine, 37 (4), pp. 296-299. , DOI 10.1136/bjsm.37.4.296Karlsson, S., Yu, J., Akay, M., Time-frequency analysis of myoelectric signals during dynamic contractions: A comparative study (2000) IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 47 (2), pp. 228-238. , DOI 10.1109/10.821766, PII S0018929400008867Knaflitz, M., Bonato, P., Time-frequency methods applied to muscle fatigue assessment during dynamic contractions (1999) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 9 (5), pp. 337-350. , DOI 10.1016/S1050-6411(99)00009-7, PII S1050641199000097Kumar, D.K., Pah, N.D., Bradley, A., Wavelet Analysis of Surface Electromyography to Determine Muscle Fatigue (2003) IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 11 (4), pp. 400-406. , DOI 10.1109/TNSRE.2003.819901Laubli, T., Hermens, H., Sjogaard, G., Neuromuscular assessment of the elderly worker, NEW: A multidisciplinary European research project (2006) European Journal of Applied Physiology, 96 (2), pp. 107-109. , DOI 10.1007/s00421-005-0045-0MacIsaac, D., Parker, P.A., Scott, R.N., The short-time Fourier transform and muscle fatigue assessment in dynamic contractions (2001) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 11 (6), pp. 439-449. , DOI 10.1016/S1050-6411(01)00021-9, PII S1050641101000219Merletti, R., Rainoldi, A., Farina, D., Surface electromyography for noninvasive characterization of muscle (2001) Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 29 (1), pp. 20-25Ng, J.K.-F., Richardson, C.A., Kippers, V., Parnianpour, M., Bui, B.H., Clinical applications of power spectral analysis of electromyographic investigations in muscle function (1996) Manual Therapy, 1 (2), pp. 99-103. , DOI 10.1054/math.1996.0257Nybo, L., Nielsen, B., Perceived exertion is associated with an altered brain activity during exercise with progressive hyperthermia (2001) Journal of Applied Physiology, 91 (5), pp. 2017-2023Oliveira, A.D.E.S., Goncalves, M., EMG amplitude and frequency parameters of muscular activity: Effect of resistance training based on electromyographic fatigue threshold (2009) Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 19 (2), pp. 295-303. , OxfordSo, R.C., Ng, J.K., Lam, R.W., Lo, C.K., Ng, G.Y., EMG Wavelet analysis of quadriceps muscle during repeated knee extension movement (2009) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41 (4), pp. 788-796. , HagerstownSparto, P.J., Parnianpour, M., Barria, E.A., Jagadeesh, J.M., Wavelet analysis of electromyography for back muscle fatigue detection during isokinetic constant-torque exertions (1999) Spine, 24 (17), pp. 1791-1798. , DOI 10.1097/00007632-199909010-00008Troiano, A., Naddeo, F., Sosso, E., Camarota, G., Merletti, R., Mesin, L., Assessment of force and fatigue in isometric contractions of the upper trapezius muscle by surface EMG signal and perceived exertion scale (2008) Gait and Posture, 28 (2), pp. 179-186. , DOI 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.04.002, PII S0966636208000994Vitor-Costa, M., Pereira, L.A., Oliveira, R.S., Pedro, R.E., Camata, T.V., Abrao, T., Brunetto, M.A., Altimari, L.R., Fourier and Wavelet spectral analysis of EMG signals in maximal constant load dynamic exercise (2010) Conference Proceedings IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1 (1), pp. 4622-4625. , Buenos Aire

Anthropometric Profile And Indicators Of Playing Performance In Brazilian Women's Olympic Basketball Teams [parâmetros Antropométricos E Indicadores De Desempenho Em Atletas Da Seleção Brasileira Feminina De Basquetebol]

The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between anthropometric parameters (weight, height, body fat, BMI) and performance indicators (playing time, points, rebounds, errors, steals) in female national basketball players. The study was conducted during the 2000 and 2004 Olympic Games. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with random effects. Pearson's simple correlation coefficients were also determined. No difference in anthropometric profile or performance indicators was observed between the two national teams (2000 and 2004). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.61, p<0.05) between height and number of rebounds. Free fat mass was also correlated with the number of rebounds performed (r = 0.45, p<0.05). BMI showed moderate correlations with playing time (r = -0.51, p<0.05), points scored (r = -0.50, p<0.05), number of errors (r = 0.53, p<0.05), and number of steals (r = -0.43, p<0.05). A similar pattern of correlation was observed between relative fat mass (%) and performance indicators (playing time: -0.51, points scored: -0.44, errors: 0.50, and steals: 0.51) (p<0.05). The present results indicate a relationship between anthropometric profile and performance indicators. The results also suggest that height and free fat mass influence rebound performance. In addition, it is reasonable to assume that body fat interferes with most of the performance indicators analyzed.1116772Carter, J.E.L., (1984) Physical Structure of Olympic Athletes., , Part II. Kinanthropometry of Olympic Athletes. 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