A categoria gênero nas Ciências Sociais e sua interdisciplinaridade

This article presents the historical development of the gender category in social sciences as a key pillar departing from the struggles and progress of feminist movements and from different academic contexts, especially in Brazil and at the University of Brasilia. It seeks to identify the concepts and practices related to this historical path such as the passage from Women’s Studies to the investigative interest on gender issues. It discusses the positive and deeply transformational impacts that the inclusion of “gender” brings to the social theory and the scientific field. Finally, it addresses the associations of “gender” with other categories such as sexual identity, subjectivity, race/ethnicity and social class as well as its intrinsic crosscutting character and its wide application in public policies.Este artículo trae como eje céntrico el desarrollo histórico de la categoría género en las ciencias sociales a partir de las luchas y de los avances de los movimientos feministas y de los diferentes contextos académicos, especialmente en el Brasil y en la Universidad de Brasilia (UnB). Busca identificar las concepciones y las prácticas correlacionadas a ese recorrido histórico, como el pasaje de los estudios sobre mujeres para los intereses de investigación orientados a las cuestiones de género. Discute los impactos positivos y profundamente transformadores que la inclusión del “género” viene generando en la teoría social y el campo científico. Finalmente, aborda las articulaciones de “género” con otras categorías, como la identidad sexual, la subjetividad, la raza/etnia y la clase social, así como su carácter transversal intrínseco y su gran aplicación en políticas públicas.Este artigo traz como eixo central o desenvolvimento histórico da categoria gênero nas ciências sociais a partir das lutas e dos avanços dos movimentos feministas e de diferentes contextos acadêmicos, especialmente no Brasil e na Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Busca identificar as concepções e as práticas correlatas a esse percurso histórico, como a passagem dos estudos sobre mulheres para os interesses investigativos voltados às questões de gênero. Discute os impactos positivos e profundamente transformadores que a inclusão do “gênero” vem acarretando à teoria social e ao campo científico. Por fim, aborda as articulações de “gênero” com demais categorias, como identidade sexual, subjetividade, raça/etnia e classe social, bem como seu caráter transversal intrínseco e sua grande aplicabilidade em políticas públicas

Sociedade e Estado (S&E):: trinta anos de produção científica e pioneirismo na difusão do conhecimento em sociologia no Brasil

Nestas três décadas, a S&E ajudou a compor a literatura formativa de um amplo universo de cientistas sociais do país, participando de bibliografias de cursos, de pesquisas, das atividades de grupos de estudos, das prateleiras de bibliotecas, de ações universitárias de extensão e, é claro, também do interesse de diletantes. Por isso, nada mais justo que esta singela homenagem à revista. Espera-se que esse resgate histórico lance algumas luzes nos anos e nas décadas que virão, e que também sirva de inspiração a outros novos periódicos na área

Odd–even effect in the formation and extraction performance of Ionic-Liquid-Based aqueous biphasic systems

Ionic-liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems (IL-based ABS) have been extensively investigated in the separation of high-value biomolecules. However, the understanding of the molecular-level mechanisms ruling phase separation and extraction performance of these systems is crucial to successfully design effective separation processes. In this work, IL-based ABS composed of K2HPO4 and cholinium carboxylate ILs ([Ch][CnCO2] with n = 1 to 7, comprising anions with odd and even alkyl chain length) were investigated. The respective ternary phase diagrams, including binodal curves, tie-lengths, tie-line lengths and critical points, as well as the Setschenow salting-out coefficients (ks) that is a quantitative measure of the two-phase formation ability, were determined at 298 K. The extraction performance of these systems was then evaluated for four amino acids (L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine/L-dopa). It was found that ILs composed of anions with even alkyl chains display slightly higher ks values, meaning that these ILs are more easily salted-out or more easily phase separate to form ABS. On the other hand, ABS formed by ILs with anions comprising odd alkyl chains lead to slightly higher partition coefficients of amino acids. Beyond the neat ILs odd-even effect resulting from their nanostructuration, being this a well-known phenomenon occurring in a series of their thermophysical properties, it is here shown the existence of an odd-even effect displayed by the IL anion aliphatic moiety in aqueous solution, visible both in the two-phase formation ability and extraction performance of ABS. These findings contribute to elucidate the molecular-level mechanisms governing ABS formation and partitioning of biomolecules, ultimately allowing the design of effective separation platforms.publishe

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nanostructured cellulose membranes loaded with phenolic-based ionic liquids for cutaneous application

The utilization of natural compounds, such as phenolic acids and biopolymers, in the healthcare domain is gaining increasing attention. In this study, bacterial nanocellulose (BC) membranes were loaded with ionic liquids (ILs) based on phenolic acids. These ionic compounds, with improved solubility and bioavailability, were prepared by combining the cholinium cation with anions derived from caffeic, ellagic and gallic acids. The obtained BC-ILs membranes were homogeneous, conformable and their swelling ability agreed with the solubility of each IL. These membranes revealed a controlled ILs dissolution rate in the wet state and high antioxidant activity. In vitro assays performed with Raw 264.7 macrophages and HaCaT keratinocytes revealed that these novel BC-ILs membranes are non-cytotoxic and present relevant anti-inflammatory properties. Diffusion studies with Hanson vertical diffusion cells showed a prolonged release profile of the ILs from the BC membranes. Thus, this work, successfully demonstrates the potential of BC-ILs membranes for skin treatment.publishe