Phase transitions and magnetic properties of superconduction-normal sandwiches

Imperial Users onl

The Principles of the Issue of Resurrection According to the Propositions of Muslim Thinkers

The issue of resurrection is one of the basic principles of divine religions that all the divine prophets had the mission to invite people to believe in the Day of Judgment after being called to worship the Only God. Among the divine religions, Islam has shown special attention to the question of resurrection and this basic principle has been discussed and pondered by many Muslim thinkers. In addition to the religious aspect, the issue of resurrection is of fundamental importance since the general nature of the human race is mixed with it and humans tend towards happiness and good fortune. In this article, an attempt is made to investigate the importance and necessity of the issue of resurrection, the nature of resurrection, the types of resurrection, the questions of resurrection and its proof based on the Islamic perspective, using a descriptive-analytical method. Apart from all the proofs that have been established to prove the issue of resurrection, it can be stated that human nature tends to an end beyond this material world that does not see himself limited in this world and sees a world beyond this material world in his horizon.Masalah kebangkitan adalah salah satu prinsip dasar agama-agama samawi bahwa semua nabi samawi memiliki misi untuk mengajak manusia untuk percaya kepada Hari Kiamat setelah dipanggil untuk menyembah Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Di antara agama-agama samawi, Islam telah menunjukkan perhatian khusus pada masalah kebangkitan dan prinsip dasar ini telah dibahas dan direnungkan oleh banyak pemikir Muslim. Selain aspek keagamaan, masalah kebangkitan adalah hal yang sangat penting karena sifat umum umat manusia bercampur dengannya dan manusia cenderung menuju kebahagiaan dan keberuntungan. Dalam artikel ini, sebuah upaya dilakukan untuk menyelidiki pentingnya dan perlunya masalah kebangkitan, hakikat kebangkitan, jenis-jenis kebangkitan, pertanyaan-pertanyaan tentang kebangkitan dan pembuktiannya berdasarkan perspektif Islam, dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis. Terlepas dari semua dalil-dalil yang telah ditetapkan untuk membuktikan masalah kebangkitan, dapat dinyatakan bahwa fitrah manusia cenderung pada tujuan akhir di luar dunia material ini yang tidak melihat dirinya terbatas di dunia ini dan melihat dunia di luar dunia material ini dalam cakrawalanya

Paulo Freire Critical Pedagogy and its Implications in Curriculum Planning

This study tries to investigate Paulo Freire critical pedagogy and its implications in curriculum planning. Freire critical pedagogy, which has been influenced by Frankfort School, has introduced a new approach in contemporary educational issues. Freire lays a particular emphasis on the role of critical understanding to remove deprivation and injustice from societies. He also believes that development of an educational plan, which is in line with the redeemer education, can pave the hopeful way for a basic evolution in education. The present study, first reviews the history of Freire critical pedagogy, then it introduces philosophical fundamentals of Freire critical pedagogy, and explains some principles of curriculum planning based on Freire critical pedagogy. There are several important principles in Freire curriculum planning. These include attention to traditional and indigenous context of society, coaches’ and students’ participation in educational plan development, attention to the political position of education in curriculum planning, the role of cultural segments in curriculum planning, and the direct relationship between curriculum planning and economic production process. Also educating adults with focus on giving education to emancipatory people is considered as one of the main priorities of Freire’s curriculum planning. Keywords: educational planning, critical pedagogy, emancipatory education, adult education, Paulo Freir

The Efficacy and Safety of Zonisamide as an Add-On Drug In The Treatment of Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome

ObjectiveThe Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS: the triad of intractable seizures of various types, a slow spike-wave pattern in EEG and mental retardation) is one of the most difficult epilepsy syndromes to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zonisamide (ZNS) as add-on therapy in seizures of children with LGS.Materials & MethodsIn a quasi- experimental study, seizure frequency and side effects of 40 children with LGS who were referred to the pediatric neurology clinic of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, between September 2008 and November 2009 and were on ZNS for six months were evaluated.ResultsTwenty one boys and 19 girls with a mean age of 6.6 3.6years were evaluated. At the end of six months of treatment with ZNS, 25% became seizure free, 25% had > 50% reduction in seizure frequency while 35% did not have a notable change in seizure frequency and 15% experienced an increase in seizure frequency.Drug was effective in 62.5% of the myoclonic and generalized tonic-clonic, 50% of the atonic, 43% of the mixed type and 33.4% of the tonic seizures.Transient side effects were seen in 25% of the patients: drowsiness in 10%, hyperthermia in 5 % and irritability, fatigue, ataxia and anorexia (each one) in 2.5% of the patients. No serious side effects were reported.ConclusionZNS could be considered as an add-on therapy in the management of intractable epilepsy in LGS.

The Boiling Circle, the Rotating Circle (Two kinds of symbols of the Circle in Islamic Tradition)

In theological sources, many symbols are used to explain the transcendent truths of existence. Among the shapes, the circle has the most use of a symbol which is important for Religious, philosophers, and mystics. However, what is refer mostly to the shape of a circle is the rotation of a circular line that begins at a point on a surface and ends at the same point; then, the most superficial and intermediate symbols of facts are explained with it. Contrary, the present article proposes a novel way of drawing a circle, and with this approach, examines some philosophical concepts. We call this drawing "Boiling Circle", because, the rays are coming out boiling from the center. We also have analyzed and introduced a unique example of a mystical-philosophical-religious Architectural building, during which a circular spring has been built. Its water comes out boiling of the center and fills the five circles within itself and twelve eyes around it. This article begins with the drawing of a boiling circle, continues with explaining the philosophical symbols of the boiling circle and boiling spring according to Islamic mysticism, and ends with comparing and expressing the differences between the symbols of the two circles

Proper consumption of sugary drinks and its association with adolescent girls' knowledge and skill

Background: Changes in the nutritional behaviors from consumption of traditional nutriments to intakes of high energy, concerned in powering the increasing problem in adolescents and children's obesity. The current study intended to evaluate Proper consumption of sugary drinks and its association with adolescent girls' knowledge and skill in Shahr-e-kord city, Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out on girl's students in Shahr-e-kord city. Using random sampling method and based on sampling size formula, a total of 308 of the girls students were randomly selected from the schools and were registered into the study. Then they received a research-made questionnaire containing questions about the knowledge, skill and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 by ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of the participating adolescent girls was 13.86 ± 1.3 years old. The mean score for knowledge was 36.53 ± 21.87 and the mean score for the skill of preparing and consumption of sugar free drinks was 35.77 ± 24.67. The average amount of daily consumption of sugary drinks among studied adolescent girls was 2.95 glasses. There was a direct significant association between students' knowledge and skill (P = 0.002, r = 0.182), There was also a significant reverse association between adolescents' skill (P = 0. 006 r = -0.228) and knowledge (P = 0. 05 r = -0.322) with consumption of sugary drinks. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, to increase the consumption of valuable foods and improving adolescents' nutritional habits, more attention should be paid to the health education and promotion and by using effective relevant patterns and theories

Comparison of “Simple Reality” Rule and the Mystical Phrase "The essence of God is oneness in his essence, everything in the names"

“Simple reality” rule states the relation of its true instance, that is, God to the universe. The similarity of this relationship in transcendent wisdom and mysticism, and Mulla Sadra's stipulation of mystics' intuitive perception of the content of this rule, makes thought seek its counterparts in mysticism. The closest mystical interpretation to the meaning of the above-mentioned rule is the statement of Ibn Arabi that "The essence of God is oneness in his essence, everything in the names", as far as it can be considered as a counterpart in the mysticism of the “simple reality” rule. The meaning of this phrase is the negation of plurality by the inherent oneness of God and the justification of plurality by the effusion of the universe from divine names. This mystical belief, results such as; The attribution of all positive and negative rulings to God, unity at the same time as multiplicity at the same time as unity, and simultaneous correctness of similitude and purification. An analytical study of these cases shows that the positive content of the “simple reality” rule in in knowing God "all things" is the mystical expression that the totality of the existence of God with the existence of others does not stand, in the sense that the existence of the God as appearance is different from the universe as his manifestations

Simethicone for the Preparation before Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Aim. The presence of air bubbles and foam in stomach and duodenum is a common problem during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Methods. Candidates of elective EGD received 40 mg chewable tablet of simethicone (n = 90) or placebo (n = 83), with 30 mL water, 15–30 min before the EGD. Foam/air bubbles during endoscopy were assessed and graded on a 4-point scale, and patients' satisfaction with the endoscopy was scored from 0 to 10. Results. The amount of gastric but not duodenal foam/air bubbles was significantly lower in the simethicone group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.002). Duration of endoscopy was, on average, one minute shorter in the simethicone group compared with the placebo group (P < 0.001). Patients' satisfaction with the procedure was the same in the two groups. Conclusion. Administration of simethicone prior to EGD reduces the amount of gastric foam and bubbles and provides better visibility for evaluating the mucosa. It also decreases the duration of endoscopy. Further trials are required to find the final effect of the drug on diagnosis of pathological lesions