Efek Proteksi Kombinasi Minyak Wijen (Sesame Oil) Dengan α-Tocopherol Terhadap Steatosis Melalui Penghambatan Stres Oksidatif Pada Tikus Hiperkolesterolemia

Minyak wijen (MW) yang banyak mengandung polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) berfungsi menurunkan kadar lipid serum melalui induksi β oksidasi di mitokondria. Proses ini menghasilkan produk sampingan berupa radikal bebas. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) diketahui menghambat aktifitas radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek sinergisme MW dan α-tocopherol dalam menghambat steatosis yang diakibatkan keadaan hiperkolesterol. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa diperoleh perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) terutama dosis MW 1,2 ml pada semua parameter antara kelompok hiperkolesterol, MW dan MW+α-tocopherol. Kadar kolesterol kelompok hiperkolesterol (140,925±10,5) mg/dl; kelompok MW (93,845±4,37) mg/dl dan kelompok MW+α-tocopherol (92,90±8,5) mg/dl. Kadar trigliserida kelompok hiperkolesterol (154,78±11,09) mg/dl; kelompok MW (184,64±3,87) mg/dl dan kelompok MW+α-tochopherol (66,89 ± 6,03) mg/dl. Pada kelompok MW kadar MDA (0,257±0,013) nmol/mg protein, kelompok hiperkolesterol (0,847±0,036) nmol/mg protein dan kelompok kombinasi MW dengan α-tocopherol (0,092±0,006) nmol/mg protein. Kadar SOD pada kelompok kombinasi MW dengan α-tocopherol (253,82±16,63) U/mg protein, kelompok MW (208,7±11,27) U/mg protein, kelompok hiperkolesterol (139,7±2,82) U/mg protein. Dari gambaran histologis steatosis lebih banyak didapatkan pada kelompok hiperkolesterol yang disertai dengan keradangan, sedangkan pada kelompok kombinasi minyak wijen dengan α-tochopherol memiliki gambaran histologis terendah mengalami steatosis

Standardized Centella Asiatica Increased Brain- Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Decreased Apoptosis of Dopaminergic Neuron in Rotenone-Induced Zebrafish

Rotenone is a pesticide that is widely used to kill insects and nuisance fish in lakes. Its used as Parkinson’s Disease (PD) model inducer. The mechanism of toxicity of rotenone is primarily mediated by its potential as mitochondrial complex I inhibition. Centella asiatica (CA) is known as neurotonic, but how its potential protection in Parkinsonism is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of CA to Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as a neuroprotectant and apoptosis as hallmark of PD in rotenone-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio). Besides, we also measured the zebrafish motility and dopamine (DA) level in the brain. We used adult zebrafish (8 months). Its exposed to 5 g/L rotenone and co-incubated with methanolic extract of CA by several concentrations which are 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/mL for 28 days. Motility observed for 5 minutes at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Measurement DA by ELISA, BDNF and apoptosis by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that CA significantly (p<0.05) increased motility and dopamine level in all concentration of extract. Interestingly, BDNF expression in 5 and 10 μg/mL groups had no significantly difference to the control group. Concentration 10 μg/mL could protect dopaminergic neuron from rotenone toxicity due to significantly (p<0.05) decreased compare to rotenone group. Together, these data suggest that methanolic extract of CA could protect Parkinsonian syndrome conserved dopaminergic neuron through increasing BDNF as neurotrophic factor

Cyclea barbata Miers Ethanol Extract and Coclaurine Induce Estrogen Receptor α in the Development of Follicle Pre-ovulation

BACKGROUND: Menstrual disorders to women are generally caused by the disturbance of estrogen production level. This can cause problems in the female reproductive organs. Herbal medications at this moment are demanding to prevent the risk of chemical substances, one of them is grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata) which has the potency to induce estrogen levels to women and some people use it to overcome fertility problems. One of the active compounds content is coclaurine. AIM: The study aimed to know the main compound leaves of C. barbata which has an important role in estrogen induction, protein target, and pathway through to activate estrogen production. METHODS: There are 18 active compounds from C. barbata gained from database and had been confirmed the presence of coclaurine compound used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Then, it predicted that the potency of molecular interaction between active compounds of ESRα had been done by the molecular docking and in vitro approach. RESULTS: Coclaurine has the highest binding affinity to activate ESRα. Even though the network analysis prediction did not show the direct interaction, we predict the coclaurine might first interact with other steroid proteins showing by Cytoscape analysis. In vitro results showing the maximum dosage of C. barbata extract is in 100 ppm, while coclaurine dosage is optimum at 100 and 200 μM/L to induce the maturation of oocytes. CONCLUSION: Coclaurine compounds give stimulation of hormonal induction through several proteins such as SRC, ADRB2, and ADRB3 which involve CYP1A1 and CYP19A1, then activate estrone and estradiol to help the increase of estrogen. C. barbata ethanol extracts and coclaurine had been proved having ability to enhance development follicles pre-ovulation

Novel Biomarker Monoclonal Antibody Fragmentation Collagen Type IV To Detect Acute Myocardial Infarction Related Perviromonas Gingivalis Infection

Background. Index mortality of atherosclerotic very high. The research conducted by WHO in 1995 show 20% of IMA mortality caused by ath-erosclerotic. The new emerging risk factor infection is the Perviromonas gingivalis. The objective of study to detect IMA in blood sample by using biomarker monoclonal antibody collagen type IV. Method. This research was experimental in vitro with ethic clearance and carried on the biomedic Laboratory, Brawijaya University. The subject were (n=12) and healthy people are (n=4). To show expression of MMP-9 and fragmentation of collagen type IV use western blotting tecnique. The monoclonal antibody were obtain which sub cutan imunization followed by isolating lymphocytes and fusing with myeloma cell to growth of hibridoma and produce antibody. Result. Found in following MMP-9 product the band were 92 kDa and the collagen type IV fragmentation band 60-90 kDa. To test for biomarker reac-tion monoclonal antibody fragmentation collagen type IV in blood sample 1-12 was positive for AMI. Conclusion. The biomarker for monoclonal antibody fragmentation col-lagen type IV shown AMI reaction positive

Studi seroepidemiologis Chlamydia pneumoniae dan beberapa mikroorganisme yang diduga menyebabkan infark miokard akut

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still a major health problem. Approximately 20% of death in the world was caused by atherosclerotic diseases like stroke, myocardial infarct. Recent studies explain the role of infection in the pathogenicity of AMI. The purpose of this study was to examine seroepidemiological study of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection related to AMI and its occurrence as pathogen burden-infection with other microorganisms. Subjects for this study were patients diagnosed clinically and laboratorically as AMI, from RSUD Saiful Anwar and RS. Lavalette,Malang. Blood samples were collected from each subject and serum was analyzed for IgG antibodies against C. pneumoniae, CMV, H. pylori and S. mutans. Clinical status was analyzed to find IMA conventional risk factors, such as smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus. The result showed that the average age of these patients were 55 years and men were more common than women. All of these patients were infected by microorganism. Patients with infection and conventional risk factors were 51,9%, infection without conventional risk factors was 48,2%, and conventional risk factors for IMA without infection was 51, 85%. The most common conventional risk factor was smoking (37, 0%). Infection by S. mutans was detected in all patients (100%), C. pneumoniae 92,6%, CMV 92,6%, H. pylori 77,8%; however multiple infections were observed in most of the patients. It was concluded that microorganisms played rolesin the pathogenicity of IMA. It was suggested that the development of IMA might be contributed by single infection as well as multiple infections. However, multiple infections tend to be observed in most of the patients

Metformin induced autophagy in diabetes mellitus – Tuberculosis co-infection patients: A case study

Metformin (MET) is a potential combination drug to elevate anti-TB efficacy. However, the clinical effect, especially smear reversion, during metformin applied with anti-tuberculosis and insulin in patients with type 2 DM newly TB co-infection were remain unknown. An observational clinical study was done in DM newly TB co-infection outpatients at Surabaya Paru Hospital. This study evaluated MET therapy, at least 2 months, accompanying with insulin and anti-TB regimens and compared to comparison group. The smear, microtubule-associated Protein1 Light Chain 3B (MAP1LC3B) level, as the presentation of autophagy, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) level, Interferon (IFN)-γ and Interleukin (IL)-10 levels were evaluated twice. From 42 participants in this study, 22 participants of observation group that received additional MET therapy, 100% had sputum smear reversion after 2-months intensive phase of anti-TB therapy. Whereas 25% of 20 participants of comparison group did not undergo reversion inserts sputum smear. As conclusion, MET has the potential of being an additive combination therapy to enhance the bactericidal effect of anti-TB on DM-TB coinfection patients. Metformin enhances the effects of anti-TB and insulin therapy in increasing the smear reversion by increasing autophagy

Metformin induced autophagy in diabetes mellitus – Tuberculosis co-infection patients: A case study

Metformin (MET) is a potential combination drug to elevate anti-TB efficacy. However, the clinical effect, especially smear reversion, during metformin applied with anti-tuberculosis and insulin in patients with type 2 DM newly TB co-infection were remain unknown. An observational clinical study was done in DM newly TB co-infection outpatients at Surabaya Paru Hospital. This study evaluated MET therapy, at least 2 months, accompanying with insulin and anti-TB regimens and compared to comparison group. The smear, microtubule-associated Protein1 Light Chain 3B (MAP1LC3B) level, as the presentation of autophagy, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) level, Interferon (IFN)-γ and Interleukin (IL)-10 levels were evaluated twice. From 42 participants in this study, 22 participants of observation group that received additional MET therapy, 100% had sputum smear reversion after 2-months intensive phase of anti-TB therapy. Whereas 25% of 20 participants of comparison group did not undergo reversion inserts sputum smear. As conclusion, MET has the potential of being an additive combination therapy to enhance the bactericidal effect of anti-TB on DM-TB coinfection patients. Metformin enhances the effects of anti-TB and insulin therapy in increasing the smear reversion by increasing autophagy

Manual komunikasi efektif dokter-pasien

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