Development of flexible zein-wax composite and zein-fatty acid blend films for controlled release of lysozyme

The aim of this study was controlled release of lysozyme by modification of hydrophobicity and morphology of zein films using composite and blend film making methods. The incorporation of beeswax, carnauba or candelilla wax into films at 5% (w/w) of zein gave composite films containing amorphous wax particles, while incorporation of oleic acid into film at 5% of zein caused formation of blend films containing many spherical zein capsules within their matrix. The lysozyme release rates of composites reduced as the melting point of waxes increased. The composites and blends showed 2.5 to 17 fold lower lysozyme release rates than controls. The films were effectively plasticized by using catechin. The catechin also provided antioxidant activity of films (up to 69 mu mol Trolox/cm(2)) and contributed to their controlled release properties by reducing film porosity. The films showed antimicrobial activity against Listeria innocua. This work showed the possibility of obtaining advanced edible films having flexibility, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and controlled release properties.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (108M353

Gestion des ressources naturelles renouvelables et conservation des écosystèmes au Sahel : le foncier-environnement

List of Phlomis purpurea unigenes up-regulated (fold increase > 10) at 24 h post-challenge with Phytophthora cinnamomi. (XLSX 58 kb

Additional file 5: Figure S4. of De novo assembly of Phlomis purpurea after challenging with Phytophthora cinnamomi

GC content analysis of Phlomis purpurea transcripts. The average of GC content for P. purpurea was calculated to evaluate the percentage of transcripts with GC content within a range. (DOCX 54 kb

Additional file 7: Table S2. of De novo assembly of Phlomis purpurea after challenging with Phytophthora cinnamomi

List of Phlomis purpurea unigenes up-regulated (fold increase > 2) at 24 h post-challenge with Phytophthora cinnamomi. (XLSX 557 kb

Additional file 12: Table S7. of De novo assembly of Phlomis purpurea after challenging with Phytophthora cinnamomi

List of Phlomis purpurea unigenes up-regulated (fold increase > 4) at 12 h post-challenge with Phytophthora cinnamomi. (XLSX 281 kb

Additional file 3: Figure S2. of De novo assembly of Phlomis purpurea after challenging with Phytophthora cinnamomi

Homology of annotated Phlomis purpurea unigenes to genes from plants. (DOCX 144 kb

Additional file 9: Table S4. of De novo assembly of Phlomis purpurea after challenging with Phytophthora cinnamomi

List of Phlomis purpurea unigenes up-regulated with Padj <0.05 at 24 h post-challenge with Phytophthora cinnamomi. (XLSX 98 kb