Use of contraceptive in university students: Comodoro Rivadavia. Argentina

Los anticonceptivos orales constituyen uno de los métodos anticonceptivos más utilizados. La eficacia de los mismos puede verse disminuida y provocar embarazos no deseados en determinadas situaciones (olvido de toma, vómitos, diarrea y toma conjunta con otros fármacos). Es importante detectar si todas las usuarias utilizan correctamente el anticonceptivo oral. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y descriptivo. Se diseñó una encuesta la cual se administró a 329 alumnas de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco. Se analizaron los resultados y se confeccionó material educativo para concientizar a la población estudiantil. Se observó un uso adecuado de los anticonceptivos orales en las estudiantes. Sin embargo, no poseen información suficiente en cuanto a qué medidas tomar en situaciones donde la efectividad del método se ve disminuida.Oral contraceptives are one of the most widely used contraceptive methods. The effectiveness of these can be diminished and cause unwanted pregnancies in certain situations (forgetting to take, vomiting, diarrhea and taking it together with other drugs). Is important to detect if all users use the oral contraceptive correctly. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out. A survey was designed which was administered to 329 students of the National University of Patagonia San Juan Bosco. The results were analyzed and educational material was prepared to raise awareness among the student population. Adequate use of oral contraceptives by the students was observed. However, they do not have sufficient information as to what measures to take in situations where the effectiveness of the method is diminished.Fil: Namuncurá, María Soledad. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Carrizo, Andrea. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; ArgentinaFil: Scetta, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; ArgentinaFil: Alamo, Macarena. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; ArgentinaFil: Alcalde Bahamonde, Sandra Marcela. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; ArgentinaFil: Uhrich, Analia Veronica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; Argentin

A comparative study among catalytic wet air oxidation, Fenton, and Photo-Fenton technologies for the on-site treatment of hospital wastewater

The feasibility of catalytic wet air oxidation, intensified homogeneous Fenton and heterogeneous Photo-Fenton systems for the treatment of real hospital wastewater has been investigated. Wastewater samples were collected from a hospital sewer, during a weekly monitoring program, and fully characterized. Up to seventy-nine pharmaceuticals, including mostly parent compounds and some of their transformation products, were analyzed. Catalytic wet air oxidation allowed the complete removal of several pharmaceutical groups, but it did not allow to eliminate analgesics/anti-inflammatories and antibiotics, whose average removal was around 85%. Intensified Fenton oxidation was the most efficient process for all the drugs removal with an almost complete reduction of the initial pharmaceutical load (99.8%). The heterogeneous Photo-Fenton system reached a 94.5% reduction of the initial pharmaceutical load. The environmental risk of the treated samples by the hazard quotient (HQ) method was also evaluated. Fenton oxidation was the most effective system with a final ∑HQ of 5.4. Catalytic wet air oxidation and Photo-Fenton systems achieved total ∑HQ values of 895 and 88, respectively. This fact was related to the presence of refractory antibiotics in the treated catalytic wet air oxidation samples. On the opposite, the Photo-Fenton system provided the elimination of most pharmaceutical pollutants that pose a high environmental risk such as antibiotics. Simplified cost estimation was finally performed as a preliminary approach of the economy of the three oxidation processes for the hospital wastewater treatmen

Different Pathological Complete Response Rates According to PAM50 Subtype in HER2+ Breast Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab vs. Trastuzumab Plus Standard Chemotherapy: An Analysis of Real-World Data.

Background: Double blockade with pertuzumab and trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy is the standard neoadjuvant treatment for HER2-positive early breast cancer. Data derived from clinical trials indicates that the response rates differ among intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer. The aim of this study is to determine if these results are valid in real-world patients. Methods: A total of 259 patients treated in eight Spanish hospitals were included and divided into two cohorts: Cohort A (132 patients) received trastuzumab plus standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and Cohort B received pertuzumab and trastuzumab plus NAC (122 patients). Pathological complete response (pCR) was defined as the complete disappearance of invasive tumor cells. Assignment of the intrinsic subtype was realized using the research-based PAM50 signature. Results: There were more HER2-enriched tumors in Cohort A (70 vs. 56%) and more basal-like tumors in Cohort B (12 vs. 2%), with similar luminal cases in both cohorts (luminal A 12 vs. 14%; luminal B 14 vs. 18%). The overall pCR rate was 39% in Cohort A and 61% in Cohort B. Better pCR rates with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab than with trastuzumab alone were also observed in all intrinsic subtypes (luminal PAM50 41 vs. 11.4% and HER2-enriched subtype 73.5 vs. 50%) but not in basal-like tumors (53.3 vs. 50%). In multivariate analysis the only significant variables related to pCR in both luminal PAM50 and HER2-enriched subtypes were treatment with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab (Cohort B) and histological grade 3. Conclusions: With data obtained from patients treated in clinical practice, it has been possible to verify that the addition of pertuzumab to trastuzumab and neoadjuvant chemotherapy substantially increases the rate of pCR, especially in the HER2-enriched subtype but also in luminal subtypes, with no apparent benefit in basal-like tumors