Social innovation, reciprocity and the monetarisation of territory in informal settlements in Latin American cities

Peer Reviewe

O mercado de aluguel de imóveis comerciais e de serviços em centros históricos brasileiros: implicações da conservação inovadora e da destruição aniquiladora nos preços dos bens patrimoniais

In view of the importance of the rental real estate property sector intended for tertiary activities in historic centers in Brazil, the intention of this article to draw an interpretative schema of the manner in which this market functions, based on the historic center of Recife, in the state of Pernambuco. This has been undertaken through an investigation into the conduct of its agents, who, at times, acted as though driven to preserve the historical values of heritage assets (innovative conservation), while at others, to destroy them and, thus, annihilate the values contained within them (annihilating destruction). For this, a need was perceived to analyze the relevance of land rent; the characteristics of the goods traded regarding heterogeneity and the prospects for increasing supply; the profile and level of information held by the agents, and their conduct in relation to these real assets and the rent prices offered on the market.Diante da importância do parque imobiliário de locação destinado às atividades terciárias nos centros históricos brasileiros, este artigo pretende desenhar um esquema interpretativo do funcionamento desse mercado, tendo como fundamento o centro histórico recifense, em Pernambuco, com base na averiguação dos comportamentos dos seus agentes, os quais agem ora impulsionados a conservar os valores históricos dos bens patrimoniais (conservação inovadora), ora a destruí-los e, assim, aniquilar os valores neles presentes (destruição aniquiladora). Para isso, foi necessário analisar a relevância do rentismo imobiliário; as características dos bens transacionados quanto à heterogeneidade e às perspectivas de aumento da oferta; o perfil e o grau de informação dos agentes; suas condutas em face desses ativos reais e os preços de aluguéis ofertados no mercado

A cidade COM-FUSA: a mão inoxidável do mercado e a produção da estrutura urbana nas grandes metrópoles latino-americanas

Com a crise do fordismo urbano regulamentar, o mercado imobiliário voltou a ter um papel determinante no processo de coordenação social do uso do solo e de produção da estruturação intra-urbana. A mão inoxidável do mercado de solo está de volta. O trabalho apresenta uma leitura sobre a relação entre a produção da estrutura urbana e as formas de funcionamento dos mercados formais e informais de solo na América Latina. Propomos como hipótese que as cidades latino-americanas apresentam uma estrutura urbana particular quando comparada aos dois modelos tradicionais (cidade mediterrânea compacta e cidade anglo-difusa). O funcionamento do mercado de solo nas metrópoles latino-americanas produz simultaneamente uma estrutura urbana compacta e difusa. Essa estrutura urbana característica das grandes urbes latino-americanas nominamos “cidade COM-FUSA”.

A regulação urbana e o regime urbano: a estruturação urbana, sua reprodutibilidade e o capital

Starting from the theory of regulation, we propose a reconceptualization of the relationship between industrialization and urbanization. We folow theconcepts of the urban regime (certain historical forms of production of urban spatiality) and the urban regulation (institutional mechanisms and norms which assume the reproduction of urban structures). In the first part of the text, we identify the fordist urban regime and attendant regulation. In the second part, we examine some alternatives for the Institution of a post-fordism urban regime and urban regulation.Starting from the theory of regulation, we propose a reconceptualization of the relationship between industrialization and urbanization. We folow theconcepts of the urban regime (certain historical forms of production of urban spatiality) and the urban regulation (institutional mechanisms and norms which assume the reproduction of urban structures). In the first part of the text, we identify the fordist urban regime and attendant regulation. In the second part, we examine some alternatives for the Institution of a post-fordism urban regime and urban regulation

Relationship among research collaboration, number of documents and number of citations. A case study in Spanish computer science production in 2000-2009.

This paper analyzes the relationship among research collaboration, number of documents and number of citations of computer science research activity. It analyzes the number of documents and citations and how they vary by number of authors. They are also analyzed (according to author set cardinality) under different circumstances, that is, when documents are written in different types of collaboration, when documents are published in different document types, when documents are published in different computer science subdisciplines, and, finally, when documents are published by journals with different impact factor quartiles. To investigate the above relationships, this paper analyzes the publications listed in the Web of Science and produced by active Spanish university professors between 2000 and 2009, working in the computer science field. Analyzing all documents, we show that the highest percentage of documents are published by three authors, whereas single-authored documents account for the lowest percentage. By number of citations, there is no positive association between the author cardinality and citation impact. Statistical tests show that documents written by two authors receive more citations per document and year than documents published by more authors. In contrast, results do not show statistically significant differences between documents published by two authors and one author. The research findings suggest that international collaboration results on average in publications with higher citation rates than national and institutional collaborations. We also find differences regarding citation rates between journals and conferences, across different computer science subdisciplines and journal quartiles as expected. Finally, our impression is that the collaborative level (number of authors per document) will increase in the coming years, and documents published by three or four authors will be the trend in computer science literature

SCI1 Is a Direct Target of AGAMOUS and WUSCHEL and Is Specifically Expressed in the Floral Meristematic Cells

The specified floral meristem will develop a pre-established number of floral organs and, thus, terminate the floral meristematic cells. The floral meristematic pool of cells is controlled, among some others, by WUSCHEL (WUS) and AGAMOUS (AG) transcription factors (TFs). Here, we demonstrate that the SCI1 (Stigma/style cell-cycle inhibitor 1) gene, a cell proliferation regulator, starts to be expressed since the floral meristem specification of Nicotiana tabacum and is expressed in all floral meristematic cells. Its expression is higher in the floral meristem and the organs being specified, and then it decreases from outside to inside whorls when the organs are differentiating. SCI1 is co-expressed with N. tabacum WUSCHEL (NtWUS) in the floral meristem and the whorl primordia at very early developmental stages. Later in development, SCI1 is co-expressed with NAG1 (N. tabacum AG) in the floral meristem and specialized tissues of the pistil. In silico analyses identified cis-regulatory elements for these TFs in the SCI1 genomic sequence. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoresis mobility shift assay demonstrated that both TFs interact with the SCI1 promoter sequence. Additionally, the luciferase activity assay showed that NAG1 clearly activates SCI1 expression, while NtWUS could not do so. Taken together, our results suggest that during floral development, the spatiotemporal regulation of SCI1 by NtWUS and NAG1 may result in the maintenance or termination of proliferative cells in the floral meristem, respectively.Fil: Cruz, Joelma O.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Abramo Barrera San Martin, Juca. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Lubini, Greice. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Strini, Edward J.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Sobral, Rómulo. Universidade do Minho; PortugalFil: Pinoti, Vitor F.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Ferreira, Pedro B.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Thomé, Vanessa. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Quiapim, Andréa C.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Dornelas, Marcelo C.. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina S.. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Madueño, Francisco. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Costa, M. Manuela R.. Universidade do Minho; PortugalFil: Goldman, Maria Helena S.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasi

Ciudades populares en disputa: ¿Acceso a suelo urbano para todos?

La presente colección Ciudades de la Gente representa a hombres y mujeres cuya cultura popular, producto de las mezclas de todos aquellos que vivían y otros que han llegado a nuestros territorios, han hecho de lugares declarados como no aptos, lugares donde vivir, y han creado dentro de nuestras ciudades, la extensión de lo distinto. Son hombres y mujeres cuyo trabajo, el que tienen para aportar, junto al de otros y otras de su misma condición, les ha permitido autoproducir interesantes y sin duda bellos espacios donde convivir. Los profesores e investigadores miembros del Grupo de Trabajo Habitat Popular e Inclusión Social de CLACSO, nos unimos a todos aquellos hacedores que, superando los miedos y con deseos de avanzar, se atreven a caminar por lo desconocido y a no conformarse con lo conocido de otras realidades, buscando en conjunto afirmar, como derechos universales, las posibilidades de vidas dignas y de construcciones colectivas dentro de nuestras ciudades. Emprendemos la tarea de describir e interpretar el habitat popular y la inclusión social, abriendo posibilidades para que, experimentados y debutantes líderes populares e investigadores, hablen sobre "las ciudades de la gente" de muy diversos modos