Kulinarische Praxen als Medium der Identitätsdarstellung deutscher und türkischer Jugendlicher

"Die Studie geht der Frage nach, welche Bedeutung herkunftskulturelle kulinarische Praxen bei türkischen und deutschen Jugendlichen in ihrer Selbstdarstellung spielen. Darüber hinaus wird in den jeweiligen Gruppen gendersensibel auf differenzielle Ausformungen zwischen Jungen und Mädchen geachtet und herausgearbeitet, wie über kulinarische Praxen Geschlechterordnung hergestellt wird. Nicht zuletzt wird der Fokus auf die soziale Dimension des Essens gerichtet. Methodisch sind hierzu nach Geschlecht, Alter und kulturellem Hintergrund differenzierte Gruppendiskussionen mit einer Stichprobe von N=60 durchgeführt worden, um so geschlechts- und herkunftstypische Orientierungen der Jugendlichen eruieren zu können. Die Daten wurden mithilfe des Computerprogramms Atlas.ti in einem mehrstufigen Verfahren qualitativ inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es Unterschiede gibt, inwieweit herkunftskulturelle Aspekte des Essens in den Narrationen eine Rolle spielen (hohe Bedeutung für Türkeistämmige) und dass Essenspräferenzen sich entlang der Geschlechterlinie abbilden: Jungen orientieren sich herkunftsübergreifend an Genuss und Geschmack, bei Mädchen stehen gesundheitliche Dimensionen des Essens im Vordergrund. Die Ergebnisse liefern wertvolle Hinweise für eine kultur- und gendersensible Ausrichtung von Adipositaspräventionsprogrammen für Jugendliche." (Autorenreferat)"The study examines what significance Turkish and German adolescents attach to culinary practices associated with their native culture when forming their own sense of identity. At the same time the study picks up on gender-specific differences within the groups, pinpointing how culinary practices can serve to establish gender hierarchies. The social aspects of eating are also considered. Group discussions differentiated according to sex, age and cultural background were conducted using a sample of N=60 in order to elicit gender- and culturally specific orientations among adolescents. A qualitative content analysis was made of the data in a multi-level procedure using the Atlas.ti computer program. On the one hand, the results reveal that there are differences in the extent to which eating habits specific to native culture play a narrative role (major significance among ethnic Turks), while also depicting eating preferences along genderspecific lines: Adolescent males across the board focus on enjoyment and flavor, whereas adolescent girls attribute greater importance to the health aspects of eating. The results provide valuable information on ways in which to target juvenile obesity prevention programs according to culture and gender." (author's abstract

Bildungsbericht Kreis Recklinghausen 2011. „Keiner geht verloren – beste Bildung für alle!“

Zunächst werden die Ergebnisse in einer Kurzzusammenfassung (Kapitel 2) thesenförmig vorgestellt. ... Danach werden einige Rahmenbedingungen im Kreis Recklinghausen beleuchtet (Kapitel 3), wie organisatorische Voraussetzungen, Demografischer Wandel, Zuwanderung und Sozialdaten. In den weiteren Kapiteln geht es um die drei wichtigen Bereiche, auf die sich der vorliegende Bericht beschränkt: frühkindliche Bildung (Kapitel 4), allgemeinbildende Schulen (Kapitel 5), berufliche Bildung (Kapitel 6). Ein eigenes Kapitel (7) widmet sich schließlich den Berufskollegs. Sie erfüllen gleichzeitig Aufgaben der allgemeinbildenden Schulen und in der beruflichen Bildung. Zum Schluss erfolgt ein Ausblick (Kapitel 8) auf die Arbeit des nächsten Jahres und den Bildungsbericht 2012. (DIPF/Orig.

Simple, Fast and Reliable Liquid Chromatographic and Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Theophylline in Urine, Saliva and Plasma Samples

Abstract In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) and UV spectrophotometric method were developed, validated and applied for the determination of theophylline in biological fluids. Liquid-liquid extraction is performed for isolation of the drug and elimination of plasma and saliva interferences. Urine samples were applied without any extraction. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column by using 60:40 methanol:water as mobile phase under isocratic conditions at a flow rate of 0.75 mL/min with UV detection at 280 nm in HPLC method. UV spectrophotometric analysis was performed at 275 nm. The results of HPLC analysis were as follows: the limit of quantification: 1.1 µg/mL for urine, 1.9 µg/mL for saliva, 3.1 µg/mL for plasma; recovery: 94.85% for plasma, 100.45% for saliva, 101.39% for urine; intra-day precision: 0.22-2.33%, inter-day precision: 3.17-13.12%. Spectrophotometric analysis results were as follows: the limit of quantitation: 5.23 µg/mL for plasma, 8.7 µg/mL for urine; recovery: 98.27% for plasma, 95.25% for urine; intra-day precision: 2.37-3.00%, inter-day precision: 5.43-7.91%. It can be concluded that this validated HPLC method is easy, precise, accurate, sensitive and selective for determination of theophylline in biological samples. Also spectrophotometric analysis can be used where it can be applicable

Osteoporotic cytokines and bone metabolism on rats with induced hyperthyroidism; changes as a result of reversal to euthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increased bone turnover and resorptive activity. Raised levels of serum osteoporotic cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha have been demonstrated previously in hyperthyroidism. These elevations are controversial and it is difficult to differentiate the contribution of thyroid hormones to the elevation of cytokines from that of the autoimmune inflammation in Graves' disease (GD) and follicular cell damage in thyroiditis.. Therefore, we investigated the effect of thyroid hormones on serum IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha levels and bone metabolism on L-thyroxine induced hyperthyroid rats and changes in cytokine levels and bone metabolism on the same rats after reversal to euthyroidism. Rats were treated with L-thyroxine for 5 weeks (0.4 mg/ 100 g food). Plasma T-3, T-4, TSH and serum IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, Calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) levels were measured and differential leucocyte counts were made initially, at the 5th week of the experiment (hyperthyroid state) and 5 weeks after quitting the administration of L-thyroxine (euthyroid state). Significant rises in serum IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha were noted in hyperthyroidism (P<0.001). In euthyroid state, IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha decreased significantly, but IL-beta and TNFalpha were significantly higher than the baseline values (P<0.05) while IL-6 levels turned back to the baseline values. Plasma T3 and T4 levels were significantly correlated with serum cytokines in hyperthyroid state while there was no correlation in euthyroid states. Ca and P levels did not differ significantly while PTH levels declined significantly in the hyperthyroid state (P<0.05). After the reversal to the euthyroidism, there was no significant change in Ca, P and PTH levels. ALP and B-ALP increased significantly in hyperthyroidism (P< 0.001, P<0.01) and they did not decrease in euthyroid state. The lymphocyte number and ratio in differentials increased significantly in the hyperthyroid state (P<0.001). In euthyroidism they decreased significantly (P<0.001) but it was significantly higher than the baseline value (P<0.05). Our findings showed that the deleterious effect on bone metabolism in hyperthyroidism might be mediated by cytokines and the increased bone turnover in hyperthyroidism failed to decrease despite euthyroidism