The course of experimental staphylococcus infection in albino mice during action of certain factors of space flight

A study was made of the effect of certain factors of space flight, acceleration and hypokinesia, on the course of experimental staphylococcus infection in mice. Combined action of hypokinesia and acceleration caused a marked depression of the phagocytic activity of leukocytes and formation of a considerable amount of alpha toxin

The role of alkane coordination in C–H bond cleavage at a Pt(II) center

The rates of CFormula H bond activation for various alkanes by [(N–N)Pt(Me)(TFEd3)]+ (N Formula N = ArFormula NFormula C(Me)Formula C(Me)Formula NFormula Ar; Ar = 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl; TFE-d3 = CF3CD2OD) were studied. Both linear and cyclic alkanes give the corresponding alkene-hydride cation [(N–N)Pt(H)(alkene)]+ via (i) rate determining alkane coordination to form a CFormula H {sigma} complex, (ii) oxidative cleavage of the coordinated CFormula H bond to give a platinum(IV) alkyl-methyl-hydride intermediate, (iii) reductive coupling to generate a methane {sigma} complex, (iv) dissociation of methane, and (v) beta-H elimination to form the observed product. Second-order rate constants for cycloalkane activation (CnH2n), are proportional to the size of the ring (k ~ n). For cyclohexane, the deuterium kinetic isotope effect (kH/kD) of 1.28 (5) is consistent with the proposed rate determining alkane coordination to form a CFormula H {sigma} complex. Statistical scrambling of the five hydrogens of the Pt-methyl and the coordinated methylene unit, via rapid, reversible steps ii and iii, and interchange of geminal CFormula H bonds of the methane and cyclohexane CFormula H {sigma} adducts, is observed before loss of methane

A Chebyshev minimax technique oriented to aerospace trajectory optimization problems.

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76822/1/AIAA-6604-910.pd

Морфология и экологические особенности Sparganium × longifolium (Typhaceae) в центре Европейской части России

The increasing impact of anthropogenic factors and climate change affect the growth of a number of taxa of hybrid nature. These taxa are widespread among various taxonomic groups of aquatic and semi-aquatic plants. The genus Sparganium L. В is not an exception. In that regard, the aim of this study is to conduct biomorphological investigation of Sparganium × longifolium Turcz. ex Ledeb., evaluate qualitative and quantitative criteria for the hybrid similarities and differences with its parental species, as well as to analyze data on its habitat characteristics. Samples were collected in 2014–2016 from waterbodies in European Russia (Tver and Yaroslavl oblasts). In the study on biomorphology of S. × longifolium we used live and fixed materials, as well as herbarium funds of IBIW, MXA and MW. To establish and specify taxonomic features of the hybrid under study, indicating to its similarity with a certain ancestral species, our data on the morphology and ecology of S. emersum Rehm. and S. gramineum Georgi. are used. During field studies, the type of water object where the hybrid was detected, ecological characteristics of its habitat (type of soil, depth, water temperature and pH) are determined; the list of taxa which enter into the cenosis composition is compiled. The biomorphological investigation of S. × longifolium shows that by life form this hybrid, as well as its parental species, is a vegetative-mobile evidently-polycentric annual or biennial plant of vegetative origin with a racemose root system. The following should be attributed to the characteristic features justifying the hybrid origin of S. × longifolium: 1) a wider, slightly carinated lamina (as in S. emersum); 2) a branched inflorescence (as in S. gramineum); 3) the lower covering leaf of inflorescence, often exceeding the total length of the latter; 4) fruits with a straight (as in S. emersum) as well as bent (as in S. gramineum) style. Interestingly, some populations of S. × longifolium are rich in terate forms that can be explained by back crossing with one of the parental species or pleiotropic mutation(s). It is established that S. × longifolium is not widespread in European Russia, is a typically freshwater species, occurring in the littoral zone of mesotrophic and dystrophic waterbodies (usually in lakes of glacier origin). At present, its appearance in lake ecosystems is due to accelerated eutrophication caused by increasing human activities. Perhaps earlier this hybrid formation occurred in peripheral zones of the range of S. gramineum under cyclic climate changes. Observations suggest that S. × longifolium exceeds S. gramineum in ecological potential. At the same time, habitat features of the latter have an effect on the hybrid’s distribution potential (limitation of habitat spectrum), which is hardly exceeds S. emersum in its ecological and coenotic characteristics. 154   На основе современных подходов к анализу жизненных форм рассмотрена морфология вегетативной и генеративной сферы Sparangium × longifolium Turcz. ex Ledeb. (S. emersum Rehm. × S. gramineum Georgi). По жизненной форме S. × longifolium, как и его родительские виды, представляет собой вегетативно-подвижный явнополицентрический малолетник вегетативного происхождения с кистевидной корневой системой. В работе установлен промежуточный характер конкретных признаков гибрида, либо смещение того или иного признака в сторону одного из родительских видов. К характерным особенностям, подтверждающим гибридное происхождение S. × longifolium, следует отнести: 1) наличие более широкой, слегка килеватой листовой пластинки (как у S. emersum); 2) наличие разветвленного соцветия (как у S. gramineum); 3) нижний кроющий лист соцветия, часто превышающий общую длину последнего; 4) наличие плодов как с прямым (как у S. emersum), так и с загнутым (как у S. gramineum) столбиком. Отдельные популяции S. × longifolium изобилуют тератными формами, которые могут быть объяснены наличием возвратного скрещивания, либо мутации(й) с плейотропным проявлением. Анализ пыльцы гибрида на жизнеспособность показал преобладание стерильной пыльцы над фертильной. Установлено, что S. × longifolium – малораспространенный на территории Европейской части России – типично пресноводный вид, встречающийся в прибрежной зоне мезотрофных и дистрофных водных объектов (обычно в озерах ледникового происхождения). Появление популяций гибрида в озерах обусловлено их стремительной эвтрофикацией в результате антропогенной деятельности. Ранее образование этого гибрида, вероятно, происходило в периферийных частях ареала S. gramineum при циклических изменениях климата. Вместе с тем, особенности местообитания последнего накладывают «отпечаток» на потенциал распространения гибрида (ограниченность спектра местообитаний), который вряд ли может превзойти по своим эколого-ценотическим характеристикам S. emersum.&nbsp

Therapeutic complement targeting in ANCA-associated vasculitides and thrombotic microangiopathy

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs) are a group of systemic autoimmune disorders characterized by necrotizing inflammation of medium-to-small vessels, a relative paucity of immune deposits, and an association with detectable circulating ANCAs. AAVs include granulomatosis with polyangiitis (renamed from Wegener's granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Until recently, AAVs have not been viewed as complement-mediated disorders. However, recent findings predominantly from animal studies demonstrated a crucial role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of AAVs. Complement activation or defects in its regulation have been described in an increasing number of acquired or genetically driven forms of thrombotic microangiopathy. Coinciding with this expanding spectrum of complement-mediated diseases, the question arises as to which AAV patients might benefit from a complement-targeted therapy. Therapies directed against the complement system point to the necessity of a genetic workup of genes of complement components and regulators in patients with AAV. Genetic testing together with pluripotent stem cells and bioinformatics tools may broaden our approach to the treatment of patients with aggressive forms of AAV

Constructions of regular algebras Lpw(G)L_p^w(G)

Criterion of (Shilov) regularity for weighted algebras $L_1^w(G)$ on a locally compact abelian group $G$ is known by works of Beurling (1949) and Domar (1956). In the present paper this criterion is extended to translation invariant weighted algebras $L_p^w(G)$ with $p>1$. Regular algebras $L_p^w(G)$ are constructed on any sigma-compact abelian group $G$. It was proved earlier by the author that sigma-compactness is necessary (in the abelian case) for the existence of weighted algebras $L_p^w(G)$ with $p>1$.Comment: Submitted to Mat. Sborni

High frequency magnetic oscillations of the organic metal θ\theta-(ET)4_4ZnBr4_4(C6_6H4_4Cl2_2) in pulsed magnetic field of up to 81 T

De Haas-van Alphen oscillations of the organic metal $\theta$-(ET)$_4$ZnBr$_4$(C$_6$H$_4$Cl$_2$) are studied in pulsed magnetic fields up to 81 T. The long decay time of the pulse allows determining reliable field-dependent amplitudes of Fourier components with frequencies up to several kiloteslas. The Fourier spectrum is in agreement with the model of a linear chain of coupled orbits. In this model, all the observed frequencies are linear combinations of the frequency linked to the basic orbit $\alpha$ and to the magnetic-breakdown orbit $\beta$.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

PROGRAMMABLE-GAIN AMPLIFIER FOR SENSOR APPLICATIONS

Programmable-gain amplifier for measuring sensor signals is designed. This amplifier contains various buffering cascades and filters, making this amplifier compatible with different kinds of sensors