Quantum simulation of an extra dimension

We present a general strategy to simulate a D+1-dimensional quantum system using a D-dimensional one. We analyze in detail a feasible implementation of our scheme using optical lattice technology. The simplest non-trivial realization of a fourth dimension corresponds to the creation of a bivolume geometry. We also propose single- and many-particle experimental signatures to detect the effects of the extra dimension.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, revtex style;v2 minor changes, references adde

Optical Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories

We discuss a general framework for the realization of a family of abelian lattice gauge theories, i.e., link models or gauge magnets, in optical lattices. We analyze the properties of these models that make them suitable to quantum simulations. Within this class, we study in detail the phases of a U(1)-invariant lattice gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions originally proposed by Orland. By using exact diagonalization, we extract the low-energy states for small lattices, up to 4x4. We confirm that the model has two phases, with the confined entangled one characterized by strings wrapping around the whole lattice. We explain how to study larger lattices by using either tensor network techniques or digital quantum simulations with Rydberg atoms loaded in optical lattices where we discuss in detail a protocol for the preparation of the ground state. We also comment on the relation between standard compact U(1) LGT and the model considered.Comment: v2 27 pages, 11 figures, extended discussion of the experimental set-up and of observables' measurement, similar to published versio

Macroinvertebrados bentônicos como bioindicadores da qualidade da agua na parte baixa do Rio Jacutinga : Concórdia-SC, Brasil

O estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade da água do Rio Jacutinga, SC, Brasil por meio da comunidade macrobentônica, de agosto de 2015 a abril de 2016 utilizando-se o amostrador do tipo draga petersen. Foram amostrados 1348 organismos. Os grupos de maior incidência foram da classe Oligochaeta e da ordem Diptera (Chironomidae e Ceratopogonidae). Todos os pontos amostrados apresentaram certo grau de poluição. Quatro pontos foram classificados como classe V- Situação crítica, com águas muito poluídas e sistema muito alterado e um ponto ficou classificado como classe IV- Situação duvidosa, águas poluídas, sistema alterado, indicando que a qualidade da água deste corpo hídrico está muito comprometida.The study goal was to evaluate the water quality of the Jacutinga river (SC, Brazil) by the macrobenthic community way. Monitoring was made from August 2015 to April 2016. A dredger type sampler was used to collect 1,348 organisms. The highest incidence groups were of the Oligochaeta class and the order Diptera (Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae). All the sites monitored showed some pollution degree. Four sites were classified as class V - Critical situation, which means water body is very polluted and system has been highly altered. One site was classified as class IV - Doubtful situation, meaning polluted water and altered system indicate that the water quality of this site is very impairedFil: Barp, Elisete A.. Universidade do Contestado (Brasil)Fil: Lima, Kassieli. Universidade do Contestado (Brasil)Fil: Armiliato, Neide. Universidade do Contestado (Brasil)Fil: Favassa , Celi A. Universidade do Contestado (Brasil

Simulation of gauge transformations on systems of ultracold atoms

We show that gauge transformations can be simulated on systems of ultracold atoms. We discuss observables that are invariant under these gauge transformations and compute them using a tensor network ansatz that escapes the phase problem. We determine that the Mott-insulator-to-superfluid critical point is monotonically shifted as the induced magnetic flux increases. This result is stable against the inclusion of a small amount of entanglement in the variational ansatz.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure