Self-determined motivation for practice in university music students

This study adopted self-determination theory as means to understanding the motivation of university music students. The self-determination theory framework contends that three psychological needs of competence, relatedness, and autonomy must be fulfilled in order to maintain psychological wellbeing. In turn, needs fulfilment results in autonomous motivation, in which activities are perceived to be aligned with the self and are consequently experienced as personally important, interesting, and enjoyable. We surveyed students (N = 392) from schools of music in nine universities in Australia and New Zealand to examine whether needs fulfilment and autonomous motivation within the university music learning context would explain context-specific affect and behaviour. Hypothesised relationships were tested using structural equation modelling. Psychological needs fulfilment and autonomous motivation explained more frequent practice, more frequent quality practice, and a higher preference for challenging tasks. This study is among the first self-determination theory studies in the domain of music learning at the university level, and thus the results are described in terms of the potential of this theory to more fully explain interesting and under-researched aspects of this environment, including student wellbeing, anxiety, preparations for a long-term career in music, and pedagogical implications

Age trends in musical preferences in adulthood: 3. Perceived musical attributes as intrinsic determinants of preferences

Increased age has been found to be associated with differences in musical preferences in adulthood. In past research, these differences were mostly attributed to changes in the social context. However, these influences were small and a large proportion of variance in age trends in musical preferences still remains to be explained. The aim of this article is to investigate the hypothesis that age trends in musical preferences are related to differences in preferences for some intrinsic attributes of the music in line with the Music Preferences in Adulthood Model (Bonneville-Roussy et al., 2017). Adult participants (N = 481) were asked to rate their preferences for extracts of 51 audio-music recordings (music clips) and musical attributes related to dynamics, pitch, structure, tempo, and timbre. Audio-features of the 51 clips were extracted using Music Information Retrieval methods. Using self-report, we found that the musical preferences of adults were linked with distinct likings for musical attributes, with large effects. We also discovered that self-rated attributes associated with dynamics and timbre moderated the links between age and musical preferences. Using the extracted features, we found that musical preferences were linked with distinct patterns of musical features. Finally, we established that the patterns of preferences of emerging, young and middle-aged adults were increasingly influenced by audio-features of timbre, dynamics and tonal clarity. These findings suggest that age trends in musical preferences could be partially explained by differences in the ways individuals process the intrinsic attributes of the music with age

Occupation-Based Intervention Tool for Postoperative Upper Extremity Nerve Laceration

Purpose The purpose of the product was to create an accessible resource for occupational therapists to implement occupation-based interventions effectively. Methods The results of a thorough literature review on the shared topic of interest supported the therapeutic value of occupation through education and home programming. The literature was used to justify the gap that exists in the need for the implementation of occupation-based interventions in hand therapy. The results from the literature review was synthesized into a detailed narrative that guided the formation of a patient education tool. The product was designed using concepts from the biomechanical frame of reference, Model of Human Occupation, and the Adult Learning Theory. These three theories work together to address the physical aspects of the human body, the internal factors of a person, and how to best relay information to an individual. Aspects from each of these theories were combined in order to increase the usability and effectiveness of occupation-based interventions in hand therapy settings. Results The literature and theoretical perspectives resulted in the formation of a collaborative patient education product. The product is meant to be used collaboratively between an occupational therapist and an individual with an upper extremity nerve laceration in an outpatient setting. The topics covered in this tool include neuroanatomy and neuroscience, common procedures, rehabilitation process, occupation-based intervention rationale, coping strategies, and assessment and goal formation. The product includes a separate therapist manual that provides a brief summary of the research studies found that support the formation of the product. Conclusions It is anticipated that the patient education tool will be an efficient and effective solution to the perceived barriers that occupational therapists in hand therapy have to implementing occupation-based interventions. In addition to assisting therapists, it is the intention that this tool will improve the adherence to therapy routines, patient satisfaction, and patient outcomes

Design aspects of explosive mixtures in a vehcile interstage final report

Prevention and control of explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen within vehicle interstag

Age trends in musical preferences in adulthood: 1. Conceptualization and empirical investigation

This article aims to fill some gaps in theory and research on age trends in musical preferences in adulthood by presenting a conceptual model that describes three classes of determinants that can affect those trends. The Music Preferences in Adulthood Model (MPAM) posits that some psychological determinants that are extrinsic to the music (individual differences and social influences), and some that are intrinsic to the music (the perceived inner properties of the music), affect age differences in musical preferences in adulthood. We first present the MPAM, which aims to explain age trends in musical preferences in adulthood, and to identify which variables may be the most important determinants of those trends. We then validate a new test of musical preferences that assesses musical genres and clips in parallel. Finally, with a sample of 4,002 adults, we examine age trends in musical preferences for genres and clips, using our newly developed test. Our results confirm the presence of robust age trends in musical preferences, and provide a basis for the investigation of the extrinsic and intrinsic psychological determinants of musical preferences, in line with the MPAM framework.This research was supported by the Cambridge Commonwealth Trust and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada granted to the first author

Inventory of the Economic Zones of the French Territories in the Pacific The ZoNéCo and ZEPOLYF Programmes

Until recent years, no systematic campaign of charting or evaluation of potential had been organized in the immense maritime economic zones of the French territories in the Pacific. The ZoNéCo Programme, for the economic zone of New Caledonia, and the ZEPOLYF Programme, for that of French Polynesia, have instituted a systematic process of drawing up an inventory or assessment of these regions, the method and the first results of which are described here