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    ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ๋ถ€๋‘์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถํ˜‘์ƒ ๋น„๊ต: ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ์ธ์‹ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‘์ „๋žต์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ •์น˜์™ธ๊ตํ•™๋ถ€, 2016. 2. ์‹ ๋ฒ”์‹.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถํ•œ์˜ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ๋ถ€๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ถŒ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ ํ˜‘์ƒ์—์„œ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ 3ํ˜ธ ๋ถ€๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ถŒ์„ ์ตœ์ข… ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์š”์ธ์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™๋ถ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถœํ•ด ํ†ต๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ๋ถํ•œ ๋‚˜์„ ์‹œ์™€์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด 2006๋…„ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ 3ํ˜ธ ๋ถ€๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ๋ถํ•ต ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ํˆฌ์žํ™˜๊ฒฝ์•…ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜‘์ƒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์ดํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทน๋™์— ํ•ญ๋งŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ต์ด ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ์ตœ์ข… ์ดํ–‰์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋Œ€์‘์€ ๊ฐ•๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์ธ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ํ˜‘์ƒ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ƒ์ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜‘์ƒ์ „๋žต์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ์ฐจ์ด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์™ธ ํ˜‘์ƒ์— ์ž„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์„œ ํ•ฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ข๊ณ , ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ต์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ํ˜‘์ƒ์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ค๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํ˜‘์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„ ํ•ฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„“๊ณ , ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํ˜‘์ƒ์€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘์ƒ์—์„œ ํ˜‘์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ œํ•œ๋œ ์ด์ต ์ด๋Ÿ‰์—์„œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ชซ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์ด์ต์ด ์ฐฝ์ถœ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๋Š” ํ†ตํ•ฉ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ์—์„œ ํ˜‘์ƒ์ž๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ํƒ€๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํž˜์“ฐ๋ฉฐ, ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์—ญ๋™์„ฑ(momentum)์„ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ ์†์—์„œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ฃผ๋„๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ ํ˜‘์ƒ์€ ์ถœํ•ด๊ถŒ ํ™•๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ๋ถ€๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ถŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋‚˜์ง„-ํ•˜์‚ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋‚จํ•œ-๋ถํ•œ-๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒ ์˜ ์‹คํฌ๋กœ๋“œ(iron silk road) ๊ตฌ์ƒ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ธก์€ ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–‘ ์ธก์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ๊ต์ฐฉ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋Œ€์‘ ์ „๋žต์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 2006๋…„, ํˆฌ์ž๊ธˆ ๋ถ€์กฑ๊ณผ 2์ฐจ ๋ถํ•ต ์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ดํ–‰์ด ์ง€์—ฐ๋œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œํŽธ, ๋ถํ•œ์„ ์••๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋žต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถํ•œ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜‘์ƒ๋ ฅ์ด ์ œํ•œ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ธก์€ ๋ถํ•œ ์ธก์˜ ์–‘๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด ๊ต์ฐฉ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํ…€์„ ์œ ์ง€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ „๋žต์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ ๋„ ๋…ธ์„ ๊ณผ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ด€ํ•œ ์›์น™ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‹น์‚ฌ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์ขํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์ž ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ํ‹€์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ(๋‚จ๋ถํ•œ)์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ์ ˆ์ถฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถํ•ต ์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ˜‘์ƒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š”, ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ดํ–‰ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฒœ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ž ์„ฑ๋ช…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ , ์•ˆ๋ณด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ ํˆฌ์ž ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋‚จ๋ถ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ž๊ธˆ ํ™•๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจํ•˜์ž, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์ž์ฒด ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ์ตœ์ข… ์ดํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ๋ถ€๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ถŒ ํ˜‘์ƒ์€ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€์‘ ์ „๋žต์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋น„๋ก ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํฌ๊ณ , ๋™๋ถ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ „์ „๋žต์„ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ-์ค‘-๋Ÿฌ ์ ‘๊ฒฝ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฃผ๋„๊ถŒ์„ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ํ•˜์— ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ์ „๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๊ฐ€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ๋ถ-์ค‘-๋Ÿฌ ์ ‘๊ฒฝ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ€๋ถ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๊ณ , ์œ ๋ผ์‹œ์•„๋กœ ์™ธ์—ฐ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์™ธ๊ต์ •์ฑ…์— ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.I. ์„œ ๋ก  1 1. ๋ฌธ์ œ์ œ๊ธฐ 1 2. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  5 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ 13 1) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ธฐ 13 2) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: ๊ณผ์ • ์ถ”์ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋น„๊ต์‚ฌ๋ก€์—ฐ๊ตฌ 13 3) ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ 15 4. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 16 II. ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ 3ํ˜ธ๋ถ€๋‘ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ณผ์ • 18 1. ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถํ˜‘์ƒ ์ „๊ฐœ๊ณผ์ • 18 1) ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋„๋กœ-ํ•ญ๋งŒ-๊ตฌ์—ญ ์ผ์ฒดํ™” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์™€ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ํ˜‘์ƒ (2003-2008) 18 2) ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์ฒ ์˜ ์‹คํฌ๋กœ๋“œ ๊ตฌ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ํ˜‘์ƒ(2000-2013) 21 2. ๋Ÿฌ-๋ถ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ค‘-๋ถ ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋น„๊ต 25 III. ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 28 1. ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ถŒ ํ˜‘์ƒ 28 2. ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ธ์‹, ๋Œ€์‘ ์ „๋žต 30 1) ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ: ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ชฉํ‘œ 31 2) ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ธ์‹: ํ†ตํ•ฉ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ 35 3) ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ „๋žต์˜ ์ž‘์šฉ: ํ˜‘์ƒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํ…€ 36 4) ํ˜‘์ƒ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ํ˜‘์ƒ์ธ์‹, ํ˜‘์ƒ์ „๋žต์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ 39 3. ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€ 42 IV. ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์ธ์‹ 44 1. ์ค‘๊ตญ: ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ์—… ์ฃผ๋„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ธ์‹ 44 1) ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์š”์ธ1: ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ํ˜‘์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ถ”๊ตฌ 44 2) ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์š”์ธ2: ์ค‘์•™ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ 46 2. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„: ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ์ฃผ๋„์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ ์ธ์‹ 54 1) ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์š”์ธ1: ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ํ˜‘์ƒ 54 2) ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์š”์ธ2: ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ถ”๊ตฌ 60 V. ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ต์ฐฉ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ฐ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋Œ€์‘ ์ „๋žต 75 1. ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ต์ฐฉ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ œํ•œ์  ํ˜‘์ƒ๋ ฅ 75 1) ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„๊ธฐ์—… ํ˜‘์ƒ์ž์˜ ๋Œ€์™ธํ˜‘์ƒ์ „๋žต ๋ถ€์กฑ 75 2) ํ˜‘์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ง€์› ๋ถ€์žฌ 79 2. ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ต์ฐฉ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํ…€ ํ™•๋ณด ์ „๋žต 80 1) 1์ฐจ ๊ต์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ธฐ (2004): ํ˜‘์ƒํ‹€ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚˜์ง„-ํ•˜์‚ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ 80 2) 2์ฐจ ๊ต์ฐฉ ์‹œ๊ธฐ(2005-2007): ํ˜‘์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํ…€ ์œ ์ง€ ์ „๋žต 85 3) ์ž๊ธˆ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ์‹คํŒจ(2008)์™€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ(accommodation) ์ „๋žต 88 3. ์ค‘-๋Ÿฌ์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ์ธ์‹ ๋ฐ ์ „๋žต ๋น„๊ต 90 VI. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  92 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์•ฝ 92 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•จ์˜ ๋ฐ ํ›„์† ๊ณผ์ œ 94 ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ 100 ๋ถ€ ๋ก 124 ๋ถ-์ค‘-๋Ÿฌ ์ ‘๊ฒฝ์ง€๋Œ€ ๋ฐ ๋™๋ถ์•„์‹œ์•„ ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ญ๊ตฌ 124 ๋‚˜์ง„ํ•ญ์˜ ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์œ„์น˜์™€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ธํ”„๋ผ 125 Abstract 126Maste

    ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™๊ณผ,2020. 2. ์ „๋ด‰ํฌ.The purpose of this study is to reveal how the government established and implemented image strategy of the urbanscape in preparation for the olympic games as a result of the selection process of the 1988 Seoul Olympic marathon course and the progress of the related urbanscape design projects. Among the facilities of the 1988 Seoul Olympics, the marathon course was specifically chosen due to the urbanscape was exposed for a long period of time during the race, and the event was conducted just before the closing ceremony which gained higher public attention. The development of the media affected the formation of urbanscapes. People have been able to indirectly encounter the urbanscape through the media and deliver or receive the intended city image without having to go to the city in person. The cityscape can be easily transmitted around the world through camera angles, and furthermore, the intentional creation of the cityscape has made it possible to create an urban image. Many host countries have utilized the Olympic games as an opportunity to develop cities and render its image around the world. According to an analysis of the marathon courses of all previous Summer Olympics, unlike 80 percent of the marathon courses at the previous Summer Olympics, Seoul consists of urban-style courses that pass through the city center, which is represented by Gangnam and the Han River, except for the old city center represented by Namdaemun. The marathon course was discussed shortly after the hosting of the Seoul Olympics was decided, and in December 1983, a course that cycles the inner city around Namdaemun was decided as the initial draft by the Olympic Organizing Committee. This course consists of the original city area where the skyscraper and the redevelopment of the city are located and the East Seoul area that was actively developed until the 1970s. The marathon course in the center of the city raised doubts concerning problems such as heavy traffic condition, undeveloped urbanscape, and air pollution. Discussions began again in June 1985 with a meeting of the Olympic Organizing Committee, and the Han River surrounding Gangnam, Yeouido, and Han River were decided as the final course in September of that year. The final decision is speculated to have been influenced by the successful development of the Han River, which was triggered by the Olympics, and the apartment district, which was a modern urbanscape at the time. This means that the area around the Han River was suitable to show Seoul's developed landscape, and that traditional landscape was less considered. The urban design plan had changed in 1986 after the marathon course was finalized. The redevelopment project of downtown changed to Gangnam area such as Teheran-ro. Therefore redevelopment the substandard housing zones in the visible areas of โ€‹โ€‹the Olympic event, and the road maintenance for the marathon course was implemented. As a result of the city maintenance project, high-rise buildings were built in Gangnam, and apartments were built in existing bad housing districts. An analysis on the strategy of exposing the urbanscape the broadcast of the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games confirmed that the marathon's broadcasting was transmitted elaborately to convey the city's image and Mapo and Yeouido were especially high-lighted, where the Han River, roads, apartments and skyscrapers were concentrated. The government sought to convey its intended message through the edited urbanscape, and uncompleted facilities were covert or afforested. Ahe foreigners assessment of the Seoul Olympics was mainly about the industrialization and modernization. The Koreans started to recognize the Han river as Seouls representative attraction. Although the marathon course is not the only reason to have influence the creation of the urbanscape, it is clear that the national event, the Olympics which included the marathon, had greatly influenced the creation of the urbanscape in modern Seoul. The marathon course was an important area in the city's beautification project for the Olympics and was closely involved with the city development project. In the course of the government's rapid development of urbanscape, there existed inevitable side effects such as deepening housing instability due to demolition of substandard housing, concentrated development of Gangnam, and spoiled landscape by high-skyscrapers. Nevertheless, Seoul has succeeded in creating a modernized urban image through the Olympic marathon course, and until now, apartment and Han River views are considered both a target of criticism or preference.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ 88์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ด์— ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ์ •๋น„์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์„ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ „๋žต์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. 88์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์˜ ์‹œ์„ค ์ค‘ ์‹ค์™ธ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋กœ์จ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๋…ธ์ถœ์ด ์žฅ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ํํšŒ์‹ ์ง์ „์— ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋†’์€ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ์—ญ๋Œ€ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ํŠน์ง•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๋…ผ์˜์˜ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ด์— ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค ๋ฐ ์ฝ”์Šค ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋„์‹œ ์ •๋น„ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ํ›„, ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์ดํ›„ ์ „ํ™˜๋œ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜๋„๋œ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์€ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ ์•ต๊ธ€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์†์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๊ฐœ์ตœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1932๋…„ LA ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2020๋…„ ๋„์ฟ„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ์—ญ๋Œ€ ํ•˜๊ณ„์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์˜ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, 1930-60๋…„๋Œ€์˜ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋„์‹ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฉ€๊ณ , ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์™ธยท์™•๋ณตํ˜•์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. 1960๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ์œ„์„ฑ ์ค‘๊ณ„๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž…๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž๋ฅผ ์˜์‹ํ•œ ๋„์‹œยทํŽธ๋„ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”์Šค ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์—์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ด€๊ด‘์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์›๋„์‹ฌ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ญ๋Œ€ ํ•˜๊ณ„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ 80%๊ฐ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์›๋„์‹ฌ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์„œ์šธ์€ ๋‚จ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋„์‹ฌ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋‚จ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ๋„์‹ฌ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œํ˜• ์ฝ”์Šค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค. 88์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค์ง€ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์ถœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์ ์ธ ์ž ์‹ค์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์šด๋™์žฅ ๋ถ€์ง€๋Š” 1970๋…„๋Œ€์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ„ํš์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ๊ฒฐ์Šน์ ์ด ์ฃผ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ•ด์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ์ œ์œก์ƒ์—ฐ๋งน๊ณผ์˜ ํ˜‘์˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์œ ์น˜ ์งํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์กฐ์ง์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” 1983๋…„ 12์›”์— ๋‚จ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์„ ์ˆœํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฝ”์Šค์ธ ๋„์‹ฌ์•ˆ์„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฝ”์Šค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋Œ€๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋„์‹ฌ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋งˆ์ฒœ๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์›๋„์‹ฌ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ 1970๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๋™์„œ์šธ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋๋‹ค. ๋„์‹ฌ์•ˆ์˜ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋Š” ๋„์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ค์—ผ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜์–ด 1985๋…„ 6์›”์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์กฐ์ง์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ํšŒ์˜๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹นํ•ด 9์›” ๊ฐ•๋‚จ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์˜๋„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ฐ•๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์ฃผ๋ณ€์•ˆ์ด ์ตœ์ข… ์ฝ”์Šค๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์•ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์—๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด‰๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ์กฐ์„ฑ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธก๋œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์•ˆ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋  ๋ฌด๋ ต์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์€ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์˜ ์™„๊ณต ์‹œ์ ์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์— ํ•œ๊ฐ•์ฃผ๋ณ€์•ˆ์ด ์ ํ•ฉํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ „ํ†ต ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ 1985๋…„ 9์›” ์ดํ›„์ธ 1986๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‚ฌ์—…์€ ๊ตฌ๋„์‹ฌ์—์„œ ํ…Œํ—ค๋ž€๋กœ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋‚จ๊ถŒ์ธ ์‹ ๋„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ง‘์ค‘ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ถŒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์ฃผํƒ ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋„๋กœ ์ •๋น„๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ ์ •๋น„ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ•๋‚จ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์ธต ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ๊ณ , ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์ฃผํƒ์ง€์—๋Š” ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ๋‹ค. 88์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ค‘๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ๋…ธ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋žต์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดฌ์˜๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•œ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋„๋กœ, ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ฒœ๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ์ง„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋˜ ๋งˆํฌ์™€ ์—ฌ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์•ž์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”, ๊ณ ์ธตํ™”๋กœ ์ผ์น˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘๋œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์˜๋„ํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์™„๊ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •๋น„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฆผ๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋…น์ง€ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™” ๋ฐ ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค๋„ ์„œ์šธ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ ๋ช…์†Œ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ฐ•์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๊ฐœ์ตœ ์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐˆ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์™ธ๊ตญ์— ์‹ฌ์–ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ณ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ • ์ดํ›„ ์ด‰๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์ •๋น„๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์ค‘๊ณ„ ์˜์ƒ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ ์ง„ํ™”๋œ ์„œ์šธ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์„œ์šธ์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ์กฐ์„ฑ์— ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์„ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ ๋ฏธํ™” ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์œ„์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์ฃผํƒ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ • ์‹ฌํ™”, ๊ฐ•๋‚จ ์ง‘์ค‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ, ๊ณ ์ธตํ™” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ๋…ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ๋„ ์กด์žฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์šธ์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”๋œ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ฐ• ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์€ ๋น„ํŒ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์„ ํ˜ธ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.1. ์„œ๋ก  1 1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์  1 1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 4 2. ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์ถ• 8 2.1 ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์ถ• 8 2.1.1 ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์กฐ์ž‘์  ์ •์˜ 8 2.1.2 ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ํ™” 11 2.1.3 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ์ถ• 15 2.2 ์—ญ๋Œ€ ํ•˜๊ณ„์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ™” 18 2.2.1 1930~60๋…„๋Œ€ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์œ ํ˜• 18 2.2.2 ์œ„์„ฑ ์ค‘๊ณ„ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 21 3. 88์„œ์šธ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๋…ผ์˜ 28 3.1 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์œ ์น˜๊ธฐ: 1982๋…„ ์ด์ „ 28 3.1.1 1950~70๋…„๋Œ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ตฌ์ƒ 28 3.1.2 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์œ ์น˜ ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ 35 3.2 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค ๊ณ„ํš๊ธฐ: 1982~1983๋…„ 40 3.2.1 ์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ํš์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์ง‘ํ–‰ 40 3.2.2 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •: ๋‚จ๋Œ€๋ฌธ ์ˆœํ™˜์•ˆ 46 3.3 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ: 1984~1985๋…„ 55 3.3.1 ์ฃผ์š” ์‹œ์„ค์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ์กฐ์„ฑ 55 3.3.2 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค ๋Œ€์ฒด์•ˆ์˜ ๋…ผ์˜ 60 3.3.3 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค ์ตœ์ข…์•ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •: ํ•œ๊ฐ•์ฃผ๋ณ€์•ˆ 69 4. ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค ๊ฒฐ์ • ์ดํ›„ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ์กฐ์„ฑ ์ „๋žต 81 4.1 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์‹œ์„ค ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ •๋น„๊ธฐ: 1986~1987๋…„ 81 4.1.1 1986๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 81 4.1.2 ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ง‘์ค‘ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ด๋™ 88 4.1.3 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์™€ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ์—… 103 4.2 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ์ •๋น„ ์ „๋žต 110 4.2.1 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๋„๋กœ ์ •๋น„ 110 4.2.2 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ฝ”์Šค์˜ ๋ฏธํ™” ์ž‘์—… 112 5. ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ๋…ธ์ถœ๊ณผ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๋ณ€ํ™” 116 5.1 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ๋…ธ์ถœ ์ „๋žต: 1988๋…„ 116 5.1.1 ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์ค‘๊ณ„๋ฐฉ์†ก ๊ณ„ํš 116 5.1.2 ์ค‘๊ณ„ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€ ๋…ธ์ถœ๊ณผ ์ „๋žต 120 5.2 ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์ดํ›„ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜ ์ „ํ™˜ 127 5.2.1 ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ์ธ์‹์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” 127 5.2.2 ์ „ํ™˜๋œ ๋„์‹œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ 131 6. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  137Maste

    ์›ํŒ ์šด๋™๊ณผ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋‹์ด ๋ฐœ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ฒด์œก๊ต์œก๊ณผ,2004.Maste

    ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ ์•ˆ๋“œ๋กœ๊ฒ์„ฑ ํƒˆ๋ชจ ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ BASP classification์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์•ˆ๋“œ๋กœ๊ฒ์„ฑ ํƒˆ๋ชจ์™€ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ์งˆํ™˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์š”์†Œ์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ

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    Dept. of Medicine/๋ฐ•์‚ฌBackground: There have been many studies on the relationships between androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and cardiovascular risk factors; however, the study results areinconsistent, and research on AGA in Asians remains insufficient. Objectives: This study investigated the relationships between Korean AGA and various cardiovascular risk factors, considering lifestyle, type of hair loss, and sex. Methods and Results: This study investigated subjects who visited Wonju Severance Christian Hospital for public or industrial health medical examinations between October 2012 and December 2014. We performed anthropometric measurements and a blood test and administered a questionnaire. Among the 1,884 total subjects, 52.6% had AGA. AGA patients had significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (p<0.0001), diabetes mellitus (p<0.0001), stroke (p=0.0026), dyslipidemia (p=0.0175), cardiovascular disease (p=0.0163), smoking (p<0.0001), and drinking (p<0.0001) than did the non-AGA group. Subgroup analysis showed that M-type (71.8%) and L-type (90.7%) were the most frequent basic types in male and female AGA patients, and F-type and FV-type were most common specific types in both AGA group. Higher prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, cardiovascular disease, and smoking were observed in male AGA patients. Late-onset AGA patients had higher prevalence of hypertension (p<0.0001), diabetes (p=0.0026), and metabolic syndrome (p=0.0499). The more severe was the AGA, the higher was the incidence of hypertension (p=0.0046), diabetes (p=0.0278), and smoking (p=0.004). The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome increased with increasing AGA severity. According to the analysis results by BASP classification, patients without any specific type AGA showed relatively lower percentage of medical diseases compared to patients of other specific types. Patients with both F-type and V-type AGA displayed a higher prevalence of hypertension (p=0.0289). The risk of hypertension and diabetes were increased for AGA subjects, especially in male, late onset, FV-type and moderate to severe AGA patients. In adjusted model, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, and metabolic syndrome had higher risks in AGA patients. Conclusion: In this large population-based study, cardiovascular disease-related risk was significantly associated with male sex, moderate to severe AGA, and FV-type AGA. Modifications in lifestyle and early screening for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome are suggested in male patients and in those with moderate to severe AGA involving frontal scalp area.ope

    The mediating effect of the career developmental tasks between middle-aged office workers' successful aging antecedents and perceptions of successful aging

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