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    ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ชจ๋‹‰ ๊ท€๊ธˆ์† ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ์‘์šฉ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ™”ํ•™๋ถ€, 2020. 8. ์žฅ๋‘์ „.In this dissertation, synthesis and optical application of plasmonic noble metal nanostructures are mainly discussed. Various methods to fabricate core-shell, nanoshells, nanospike, and nanoparticle arrays structures have been investigated. The optical and morphological properties of as-prepared nanostructures have been also studied by using UV/vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. A brief overview on preparation methods and the plasmonic resonance of noble metal nanostructures are presented in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 presents the metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of gold nanoclusters adsorbed onto Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticle. The static and time-resolved MEF of Au25-adsorbed Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) has been studied systematically with variation of shell thicknesses, core sizes, and excitation wavelengths. The emission of Au25-adsorbed Ag@SiO2 NPs is blue-shifted and highly enhanced compared with that of free Au25 clusters. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Au25-adsorbed Ag@SiO2 NPs is higher as much as 7.4 times than that of free Au25 clusters. The increase of the radiative decay rate constant with separation is identical to that of PL enhancement, suggesting that the MEF of Au25-adsorbed Ag@SiO2 NPs arises from the increase of the radiative decay rate constant induced by the near-field enhancement of plasmonic Ag NPs. Chapter 3 describes the fabrication of hollow and bumpy Au (HBA) NSs with rough surfaces using expanded silica mesopores as templates. Because some Au seeds were located at the inner surfaces of silica mesopores, produced Au NSs have inherent inward-grown nanobumps. During seven successive reduction steps, the LSPR peak of Au nanostructures shifted progressively toward a longer wavelength as the sizes of Au seeds increased gradually. Measuring the cross-sections of HBA NSs milled by a focused ion beam, we have found that hollow and bumpy nanostructures arose from the pore structures of mSiO2 NPs. HBA NSs confine Raman-probe molecules well owing to their hollow structures and have ragged surfaces due to their inward-bumpy morphologies, exhibiting highly efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity. Chapter 4 presents the fabrication of genuinely hollow Au nanourchins (HANUs) using SiO2 NPs as hard templates. Ag-SiO2 NPs were fabricated via amine-assisted reduction. Then, Au nanourchins (ANUs) were synthesized by the galvanic replacement reaction of Ag-SiO2 NPs using L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as a reductant and a capping agent. The silica cores of ANUs were etched using HF(aq) to produce HANUs. Measuring cross sections, we have found that HANUs have well-defined hollow morphologies. Compared with nanourchins made via DOPA-mediated reduction, HANUs hardly contain residual silver because very tiny silver seeds were used as the initiation sites of galvanic replacement. HANUs have revealed large surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement and a significant photothermal effect under a weak illumination. Chapter 5 describes that highly dense plasmonic silver NP arrays have been fabricated by laser-induced dewetting of commercially available silver paste as a starting bulk material. The first laser-scan mode has produced unprecedented intermediate structures, so called laser-induced fine silver nanostructures (LIFSNs) while the second laser-scan mode has transformed LIFSNs into plasmonic silver NP arrays via the dewetting of the priorly formed nanostructures. The laser-induced fabrication of silver NP arrays has been found to be very sensitive to distance from secondly irradiated laser pulses, suggesting that the fine control of laser intensity is very important. As-prepared silver NP arrays have generated numerous hot spots to show highly strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering signals.๋…์ฐฝ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ธ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ชจ๋‹‰ ๊ท€๊ธˆ์† ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”์–ด์‰˜, ์†์ด ๋นˆ ๊ป์งˆ, ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ŠคํŒŒ์ดํฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž ์–ด๋ ˆ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๊ด‘๊ด‘๋„๊ณ„์™€ ๋ผ๋งŒ๊ด‘๋„๊ณ„, ์ „์žํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ•™์ , ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ท€๊ธˆ์† ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ชจ๋‹‰ ๊ณต๋ช…ํ˜„์ƒ์„ Chapter 1์— ๊ฐ„๋žตํžˆ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Chapter 2์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธˆ ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ํก์ฐฉ๋œ Ag@SiO2 ์ฝ”์–ด์‰˜ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž์˜ ๊ธˆ์†-์ฆ๊ฐ• ํ˜•๊ด‘ (Metal-enhanced fluorescence, MEF)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์†๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์ž…์‚ฌ ๊ด‘์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ž์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์ด ์ง‘๋‹จ์ ์ธ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉดํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ชฌ๊ณต๋ช… (surface plasmon resonance, SPR)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž…์‚ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ˆ˜์ฒœ~์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ํฐ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ฆํญ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ทผ์ ‘์žฅ์ฆํญ์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด‘ํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ธˆ์†๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž์— ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋‘๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๊ธˆ์†์ž…์ž ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ SPR ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ•์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก์ƒ์—์„œ ์€ ์ด์˜จ์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ํ™˜์›์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ, ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ „๊ตฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ Stober method๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ป์งˆ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. TEOS ์–‘์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ์‰˜ ๋‘๊ป˜๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ Ag@SiO2 ์ฝ”์–ด์‰˜ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ, ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ-์˜์กด์ ์ธ SPR ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต, ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์—ด์—ญํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ตฌ(sphere) ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ์—ด์—ญํ•™์ ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ์ฐจ์›์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž ์ œ์ž‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์—์„œ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋…ธ์‰˜ (nanoshell) ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ž…์ž๋ž€, ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ์ „๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ธˆ์†๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ๊ป์งˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋‚˜๋…ธ์‰˜์ž…์ž๋Š” ๊ตฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์ž…์ž๋ณด๋‹ค SPR ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœํ˜„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ ์™ธ์„  ์˜์—ญ ์ชฝ์—์„œ ๊ด‘ํ•™์  ํ™œ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋‹ค. Chapter 3์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ธ, ์†์ด ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๊ฑฐ์น ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์‰˜ ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ๊ฑฐ์น ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋…ธ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์—์„œ ์ „์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฐ๋ž€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ SPR ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ•์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์†์ด ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ชฝ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ๊ฑฐ์ง„ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์‰˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฉ”์กฐํฌ๋Ÿฌ์Šค(mesoporous) ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃผํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฉ”์กฐํฌ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์ž…์ž ๋‚ด์— CTAB ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ž๊ฐ€์กฐ๋ฆฝ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ณต๋™์ด ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”์กฐํฌ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณต๋™์— ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ž๊ทธ๋งˆํ•œ ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ํ™”ํ•™์  ํ™˜์›๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋“ค์€ ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณต๋™๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ถ”ํ›„ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฅผ HF๋กœ ์—์นญํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์†์ด ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ๊ฑฐ์นœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์‰˜ (hollow and bumpy gold nanoshell, HBA NS) ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ธˆ์† ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋‚˜๋…ธ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์น ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋…ธํŒ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋”์šฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ชจ๋‹‰ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์˜ ์œ ์ „์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ท€๊ธˆ์† ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€ ์ž…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ์„ ๊ตญ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋…ธํŒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด์˜ ๊ณก๋ฅ ์ด ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ์ฆํญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Chapter 4์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž…์ž ์•ˆ์˜ cavity๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋‚˜๋…ธํŒ์ด ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. SH-๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊ฐœ์งˆ๋œ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ, ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„, ์ ์ง„์ ์ธ galvanic replacement ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์œ„์— ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธํŒ์ด ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋…ธ์„ฑ๊ฒŒ ์ž…์ž(spiky Au nanourchins, SANUs) ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. HAADF-STEM ์ธก์ •๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ SANUs ์ž…์ž ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, galvanic replacement ๋ฐ˜์‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ป์งˆ์ด ํ™˜์›๋œ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ EDX line-mapping๊ณผ ์›์†Œ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ, SANUs ์ž…์ž๋Š” ์†์ด ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ธˆ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด 98 wt%๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ์€ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ 0.2 wt% ์•„์ฃผ ๊ทน๋ฏธ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ๋œ SANUs ์ž…์ž์— HF๋กœ ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์นด ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋…น์—ฌ์„œ ์†์ด ๋น„์–ด์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋…ธํŒ์ด ๋ฌด์„ฑํ•œ ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์„ฑ๊ฒŒ (hollow and spiky Au nanourchins, HSANUs)๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. FIB (focused-ion beam) ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ HSANUs ์ž…์ž ์•ˆ์ชฝ์— ํ™•์—ฐํ•œ cavity ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์„ฑ๊ฒŒ ์ž…์ž์˜ cavity์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ™•์—ฐํžˆ ๋น„๊ต๋จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ ˆ์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฏธ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐ€๊ณต๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ๋น”์˜ ๊ณ ์ง‘์†์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด, ์ „์ž, ๋ฉ”์นดํŠธ๋กœ๋‹‰์Šค ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ฒจ๋‹จ์‚ฐ์—… ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ์„œ, ์‹  ๊ณต์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด‘์—ด์  ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์ ์–ด์„œ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ-๋‚˜๋…ธ ๊ธ‰์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ ๊ฐ€๊ณต์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ทน์ดˆ๋‹จํŒŒ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €(ultrafast laser)์˜ ๋„์ž…๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, chapter 5์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทน์ดˆ๋‹จํŒŒ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ๊ด‘์›์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธˆ์† ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์†์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋…ธ์„ธ์ปจ๋“œ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €๋Š” ์—ฐ์†ํŒŒ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํŒŒ์›Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋น„๊ต์  ์—ด์  ์˜์—ญ (heat-affected zone)์ด ๋„“์–ด์„œ ๋ฒŒํฌ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— top-down ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ์ œ์ž‘์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1.3 J/cm2์˜ ํŒŒ์›Œ์™€ 50 ฮผm/s์˜ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ ˆ์ด์ €๋ฅผ ์‹ญ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์Šค์บ”ํ•œ (cross-line scanning) ์‹ค๋ฒ„ ํŽ˜์ด์ŠคํŠธ ํ•„๋ฆ„์—์„œ, ๊ท ์ผํ•œ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฐฐ์—ด์ด ์‹ญ์ž๊ฐ€์˜ ์™ผ์ชฝ, ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ๊ฐ€์ง€์— ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์œ„, ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์€ ์ž…์ž๋“ค์ด ์ œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ์Šค์บ”์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์€ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ, ์„ธ๋กœ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์Šค์บ” ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋ถˆ๊ท ์ผํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ„ํฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ Gaussian form์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ๋น”์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ dewetting threshold๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” dewetting ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋…ธ์ž…์ž๋ฐฐ์—ด์ด ์ œ์ž‘๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹ญ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์Šค์บ” ๋ชจ๋“œ ์–‘์‹์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๋ ˆ์ด์ € ์Šค์บ”์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ธ‰์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฉด์ ์˜ ํ”Œ๋ผ์ฆˆ๋ชจ๋‹‰ ๋‚˜๋…ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ „์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ ์ฆ๊ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ฆ๊ฐ•๋ผ๋งŒ์‚ฐ๋ž€๊ธฐ๋ฒ• (Surface-enhanced Raman scattering)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ nM ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฒ€์ถœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๊ธฐํŒ ์ œ์ž‘์— ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.Chapter 1. General introduction 1 1.1 Preparation of noble metal nanostructures 2 1.2 Surface plasmons on noble metal nanoparticles 6 1.3 Near-field enhancement on hotspot 8 1.4 References 10 Chapter 2. Metal-enhanced fluorescence of gold nanoclusters adsorbed onto Ag@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticle 12 2.1 Abstract 13 2.2 Introduction 14 2.3 Experimental section 17 2.4 Result and discussion 21 2.5 Conclusion 45 2.6 Acknowledgements 46 2.7 References 46 Chapter 3. Hollow and inward-bumpy gold nanoshells fabricated using expanded silica mesopores as templates 50 3.1 Abstract 51 3.2 Introduction 52 3.3 Experimental section 54 3.4 Result and discussion 59 3.5 Conclusion 81 3.6 Acknowledgements 81 3.7 References 82 Chapter 4. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering and photothermal effect of hollow Au nanourchins with well-defined cavities 85 4.1 Abstract 86 4.2 Introduction 87 4.3 Experimental section 90 4.4 Result and discussion 93 4.5 Conclusion 112 4.6 Acknowledgements 113 4.7 References 113 Chapter 5. Fabrication of plasmonic silver nanoparticle arrays by laser-induced dewetting of commercial silver paste 116 5.1 Abstract 117 5.2 Introduction 118 5.3 Experimental section 122 5.4 Result and discussion 125 5.5 Conclusion 148 5.6 Acknowledgements 149 5.7 References 149 Appendices 153 A.1. List of publications 154 A.2. List of presentations 155 A.2.1. International presentations 155 A.2.2. Domestic presentations 155 Abstract (Korean) 157Docto

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2004.Maste

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    ๊น€๋Œ€์ค‘์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—… ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€

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    ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์กฐ์ • ๋ฐ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐœํ˜๊ณผ์ œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€๊ณ , ํ˜„ ์ •๋ถ€๋„ ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—… ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๊ถŒ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๋†’์€ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ์„  ๊ณ„ํš๋Œ€๋น„ ์ดํ–‰์‹ค์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™” ์˜์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฐ์—…๋ณ„ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™” ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ์˜๊ฑฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์ฑ…์  ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์˜๋„ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋‹น๊ถŒ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”์™€ ์ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง ๊ฐ์ถ• ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ ์ฆ์  ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋ง์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™” ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ์˜๊ถŒ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์•„์ง ๋ถ€์ง„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์—…๋ณ„ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™” ์„ฑ๊ณต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ฒ ๊ฐ•์‚ฐ์—…, ๋ฐœ์ „์„ค๋น„์‚ฐ์—…, ๋ฐœ์ „์‚ฐ์—… ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ†ต์‹ ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์กด์žฌ, ๊ฒฝ์˜๊ถŒ์ด์ „์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”(๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ํ™”)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํŽธ์ต์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋‚˜, ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ์‚ฐ์—…, ๋ฐฐ์ „์‚ฐ์—…, ๊ฐ€์Šค์‚ฐ์—… ๋“ฑ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ดํ•ด์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ œ, ์ž์—ฐ๋…์ ์  ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ, ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™” ์žฅ์• ์š”์ธ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…์€ ๊ทœ์ œ์ฒด์ œ, ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๊ธฐ์กด ์ดํ•ด์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ง€๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ, ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์  ํ์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ „๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์—…์ •์ฑ… ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋น„์ „์„ค์ •์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ์˜ํ™”์ถ”์ง„์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹คํ–‰์— ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ •์ฑ…๊ฒฐ์ •์ž์˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๊ด€์‹ฌํ‘œ๋ช…๊ณผ ์ดํ•ด๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ง€๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋žต์ ์ธ ๊ณ„ํš์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค

    Analysis of the Factors Influencing Work-Family Balance: A Focus on the Impact of Social Support

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    ํ˜ผ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ •์ƒํ™œ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ์ €ํ•˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์กฐ์ง์„ฑ๊ณผ์—๋„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ €์ถœ์‚ฐ์˜ ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์ •์ฑ…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ผ-๊ฐ€์ •์–‘๋ฆฝ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๊ฐœ์ธํŠน์„ฑ, ๊ทผ๋กœํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ผ-๊ฐ€์ •์–‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘๊ธฐ์ œ๋กœ์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์›์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •์ฑ…์ง€์›์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. 2007๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2010๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์กฑ ํŒจ๋„์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ-๊ฐ€์ • ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ(conflict)๊ณผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”(enhancement)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ฐ ๊ทผ๋กœํŠน์„ฑ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์›์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์นœ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์›์ด ์ด๋ค„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ-๊ฐ€์ •๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค .๋ชจ์„ฑ๋ณดํ˜ธ์ง€์›์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํœด๊ฐ€, ์œก์•„ ํœด์ง, ์ง์žฅ ๋ณด์œก์‹œ์„ค ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ œ๋„์ง€์›์€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์–‘์„ฑ ํ‰๋“ฑ์ ์ธ ์ง์žฅ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์„ฑ๋ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ผ-๊ฐ€์ •๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์–‘์œก ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•œ ๋ณด์œก๊ต์œก ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ด์šฉ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์นœํ™” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ œ๊ณต๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ๊ณผ ์ด์šฉ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•œ ์ง์žฅ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ ์กฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์–‘์œก๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์—…๋ฌด๋ถ„๋‹ด๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์นœํ™”์  ์กฐ์ง๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์ข… ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ณต์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—ญํ• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค

    Donor Behavior, Income, and Tax Price Elasticity in Korea : An Analysis Using OLS and Panel Data with a Tobit Estimation

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” (1-์„ธ์œจ)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํŒจ๋„๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ์†Œ๋“ ๊ณต์ œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ •๋ถ€ ์กฐ์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๋ณ€๋™์— ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์†Œ๋“ ๊ณต์ œ ์ œ๋„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ƒ์˜๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ฆ ๋ถ„์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์กฐ์„ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์—์„œ 2008๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ์žฌ์ •ํŒจ๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌํƒ€ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ข…์†๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ ํ† ๋น— ์ถ”์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŒจ๋„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ธ ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๋žœ๋คํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์•ก ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์–‘ํ˜ธํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜• ์ ํ•ฉ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ Tobit ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ๋น„๊ต๋Œ€์ƒ์ธ OLS ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจํ˜• ์ถ”์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์€ โ€“1.0์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Tobit ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ž ์žฌ์  ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–‰์œ„์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” OLS๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋œ ๊ฐ’์˜ 80% ์ •๋„๋กœ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธํŠน์ • ๊ณ ์ • ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๊ฐ’์€ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ถ”์ • ๊ฐ’์˜ 26%์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š”, Tobit ๊ณ ์ •ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ถ”์ • ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์€ โ€“1.8๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ž‘์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ์†Œ๋“ ๊ณต์ œ ์ œ๋„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ „๋ง๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ž‘์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ „์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด ๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์„ธ์œจ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋งŒํผ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์กฐ์„ธ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์žˆ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.This article exploits the relationship between private giving and government taxation by using the KoreanTax and Benefit Survey panel data published by the Korean Institute of Public Finance. A summary of previous empirical studies suggests that government taxation and deduction policy has commonly been associated with partial crowding in and out of charitable giving. This phenomenon, the major concern of this paper, calledtax price elasticity to donation, is very important when policy change is considered but there has been somewhat limited academic concern because of a data shortage, as well as public concern for government tax income. Using various approximation techniques such as OLS, Tobit MLE estimation, and fixed and random effect panel data analysis, the elasticity coefficient was calculated to range fromโ€“0.87 to โ€“1.8. The OLS coefficient with fixed effect (OLS/FE) was โ€“1.0, and the Tobit effect estimation with fixed effect (MLE/FE) was estimated as โ€“1.87. The MLE/FE was 180% more than OLS/FE. The individual fixed effect was smaller than the Tobit effect, estimated as 26% of the OLS coefficient. This means that tax deduction policy implementation should consider both the latent behavior of non-donors, and all of the unobservable characteristics of individuals, and their long-term effects

    NGO์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ–‰์ •ํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” NGO์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ๋ฆ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–ฅํ›„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๋ฐ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ–‰์ •ํ•™ ๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…ํ•™์—์„œ์˜ NGO์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ๋Š” NGO ์ž์ฒด์˜ ๋‚ด์ฒ™ ๋™ํ•™๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ์˜ NGO ๋˜๋Š” NGO ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์œ ์ธ๋™๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•ด์™ธ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์  ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์  ์ด๋ก ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„์—์„œ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ๋Š” NGO์˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ์ •์ƒ์—์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” NGO ์ž์ฒด์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ •๋ถ€๋ถ€๋ฌธ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์น˜๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์  ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ๋‹ค. ์งง์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๋งŽ์€ NGO์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ NGO์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ NGO์˜ ์กฐ์ง์  ํŠน์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ™œ๋™๋ฐฉ์‹, ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ ๋“ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์ง€๋ฐฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ธฐ์—…-NGO๊ด€๊ณ„, ์ƒ์—…ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, ์ •๋ณดํ™” ๋ฐ ์„ธ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์Šˆ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค
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