“僵尸企业”问题研究

关于\"僵尸企业\"的识别尚未有统一权威的方法,既有学术标准,也有国内定义。总体来看,\"僵尸企业\"的普遍特征是企业生产经营持续不景气、企业融资风险高、企业外部依赖性强。许多理论模型从银行的微观行为解释了\"僵尸企业\"的形成原因。本文从宏观层面,首先对\"僵尸企业\"的定义进行了界定,并基于\"僵尸企业\"的普遍特征,测算了我国上市公司的\"僵尸企业\"规模情况。结果显示,采矿业、交通运输业、农林牧渔业、批发零售业、制造业、住宿餐饮业等传统行业的\"僵尸企业\"占比较高。从省份来看,一些资源型省份和中西部省份的\"僵尸企业\"占比较高,均高于10%。最后,本文通过研究日本处置\"僵尸企业\"的经验,提出有关我国处置\"僵尸企业\"的政策建议。国家自然科学基金青年项目(项目批准号:71703165)的资

激光与现代医学

本世纪科学技术的发明之一——激光,自1960年作为一种新光源初露锋芒之后,发展神速,深刻地影响着自然科学的各个领域,应用范围遍及国防军事、医疗卫生及国民经济诸多部门。激光诞生不久就与生命科学结下不解之缘,在医学研究、临床治病方面日益显示其优势、其潜能深受人们关注。光是生命系统赖以生存、成长的基本能源。植物依靠光合作用为人类提供了丰富的食粮,光对人体的作用、对体内肌体组织产生的刺激,影响着组织细胞结构、形态及其功能。长期以来这些一直是科学家研究的重要课题。作为光的一种特殊形态——激光,用于生命科学的研究早就受到重视,激光医学就是由此应运而生的一门新学科,它包括激光技术用于基础医学的研究、疾病诊断、临床治疗、预防保健等方面

Nutrition KAP survey on different occupational populations and its effect on disease prevention

随着我国经济的快速发展,人们生活方式、膳食模式和疾病谱发生了巨大变化,营养不平衡和慢性非传染性疾病已成为我国主要的公共卫生问题。其中,不同职业与营养相关性疾病一直是营养学界关注的问题之一。通过对不同职业人群营养知识、态度、行为的调查,了解各职业人群营养知识、态度、行为及其影响因素,及时采取有效措施如营养干预、健康教育等,提高各职业人群营养素养,改善其营养状况,对于营养相关疾病的防制有一定作用。作者主要介绍了近年来关于不同职业人群营养状况研究及营养知识态度行为调查分析,为职业人群营养相关疾病的防制提供参考依据。With the rapid development of the economy in our country,the life styles,dietary patterns and disease spectrum have changed vastly, while the nutritional imbalance and chronic non-communicable diseases have become major public health problems in China.Among them,the relationship between occupation and nutrition-related diseases has always been one of the severe problems in nutrition science.Through the nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior(KAP)survey among different occupational populations,to understand the nutrition KAP of different occupational populations and its influencing factors,carry out the effective measures such as nutrition intervention and health education,enhance the nutritive condition of different occupational groups,and improve their nutritional quality have some effect to prevent the nutrition-related diseases.The authors mainly introduce the researches on nutritional conditions and investigation on nutrition KAP of different occupational populations in the recent years,and provide the reference for prevention and control of nutrition-related diseases among occupational populations.福建省卫生厅青年科研基金(项目编号:2012-2-100

虚拟现实技术在制造业中的应用

本文简要介绍虚拟现实技术和虚拟制造技术的发展、概念和应用;提出我国虚拟现实技术和虚拟制造技术的主要研究方向和应用重点;结合实际情况,展望福建省虚拟现实技术和虚拟制造技术的发展前景

A Systematic Classification of Basic Chemical Reactions

现行教材的化学反应分类以繁多的化学反应事实为对象,缺乏系统性。本文以基本化学反应形式为对象对反应进行系统分类,并且用多置换反应取代现行中文教材所称的复分解反应,而把复分解反应一词用于指称新增的一类基本反应形式,即复杂分解反应。对基本化学反应形式进行系统分类有助于发现新的反应。The old classification of basic chemical reactions was evaluated and a new systematic classification of basic reactions was proposed. In the new classification, all the chemical reactions were divided into oxidation-reduction reactions and non-oxidation-reduction reactions, and both can be divided into combination reaction, decomposition reaction and replacement reaction, respectively. In addition, a new class of basic reactions, the complicated decomposition reaction, was appended to reaction system

激光离子源射频离子阱质谱计的研制

介绍了自制的激光离子源射频离子阱质谱计的原理、构造、工作方式与主要技术参数。该仪器以激光溅射方式在离子阱外产生离子，并向阱内注入缓冲气体，可以囚禁离子并进行质量分析。仪器控制及数据采集与处理完全由微机完成。给出了仪器的初步运行结果

玻璃化冷冻和程序化冷冻方法对人类卵母细胞骨架及其发育潜能的影响

目的探讨玻璃化冷冻和程序化冷冻对人卵母细胞纺锤体定位、细胞骨架及其发育潜能的影响。方法将第2日发育为M_II卵母细胞随机分为对照组、程序化冻融组、玻璃化冻融组(解冻0 h、1 h、3 h)。应用液晶偏振光显微镜(Polscope)成像系统观察卵母细胞纺锤体与第一极体(Pb)的夹角、表面积、卵透明带内层光阻值和外层光阻值。采用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察卵母细胞的表面和内部超微结构。统计2种冻融方法对卵母细胞发育潜能的影响。结果对照组、程序化冷冻解冻培养3 h组和玻璃化冷冻解冻后培养0 h、1 h、3 h组中的纺锤体可见率分别为92.4%、56.4%、11.2%、24.8%、61.1%。与程序化冻融组相比,玻璃化冷冻解冻培养3 h后卵母细胞中纺锤体与Pb的夹角更小(37.3°与68°,P=0.023)。对照组、程序化冻融组和玻璃化冻融后培养3 h组中卵母细胞的纺锤体面积、卵透明带内层光阻值和透明带外层光阻值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与程序化冻融组相比,玻璃化冻融后培养3 h组中卵母细胞表面突起丰富,微绒毛形态较为正常,倒伏在细胞表面,卵透明带边界较为清晰,与对照组较为接近。程序化冻融组的正常受精率(65.7%)明显低于对照组(79.2%,P=0.041),而卵裂率和囊胚形成率与对照组和玻璃化冻融组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。玻璃化冻融后培养3 h组中正常受精率、卵裂率、囊胚形成率与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论相比程序化冷冻,玻璃化冷冻对卵母细胞纺锤体和卵透明带的损伤及对卵母细胞的发育潜能的影响都较小,可以作为卵母细胞冷冻的一种有效方法。国家自然科学青年基金(81701419);;国家自然科学基金面上项目(81571418)~

Study on the gene expression profile in the bone tissue in primary osteoporosis with kidney-yang deficiency syndrome

目的通过检测原发性骨质疏松症不同中医证型患者骨组织基因表达谱的差异,探讨原发性骨质疏松症肾阳虚证相关基因的信息学特征。方法随机选择原发性骨质疏松; 症患者,中医辨证分型为肾阳虚证组3例,肾阴虚证组3例,无肾虚证组3例,并选择正常骨密度人群3例设为正常对照组。用人全基因组表达谱芯片检测4组人群; 骨组织基因表达谱,筛选共同的差异表达基因,并对这些差异表达基因进行基因通路等相关功能分析。结果肾阳虚证组与正常对照组、肾阴虚证组、无肾虚证组的差; 异表达基因分别为2631条、3976条、6184条;肾阳虚证组与其他3组比较共同的差异表达基因有1037条。这些差异基因参与补体与凝血级联反应、; Hedgehog、TGF-beta、细胞周期等22条信号通路。结论原发性骨质疏松症肾阳虚证的相关基因主要与免疫调节、TGF-beta、细胞周期等; 信号通路相关。Objective To investigate the characteristics of genes expression; profiles of primary osteoporosis with kidney yang deficiency through; analyzing the gene expression difference with gene micro-array. Methods; Patient with osteoporosis were rand omly divided into kidney-yang; deficiency group (n = 3),kidney-yin deficiency group (n = 3),non-kidney; deficiency group (n = 3),according to the syndrome differentiation of; traditional Chinese medicine. Another 3 people with normal BMD were; selected as normal control. Expression profiles of the bone tissue from; 4 groups were detected to screen differentiated expression genes.; Analysis of pathway and other function among these genes was conducted.; Results The number of differentiated expression genes in kidney-yang; deficiency group were 3976,6184,and 2631,compared to kidney-yin; deficiency,non-kidney deficiency,and normal control group,respectively.; The number of common differentially expressed genes were 1037. These; genes were involved in 22 pathways,including complement and coagulation; cascades,Hedgehog signaling pathway,TGF-beta signaling pathway,and cell; cycle. Conclusion Genes related to kidney-yang deficiency syndrome in; primary osteoporosis are mainly related to complement and coagulation; cascades,Hedgehog signaling pathway,TGF-beta signaling pathway,and cell; cycle.福建省科技厅省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项; 福建省自然科学基金项

Fabrication and bacterial adhesion of metal dry electrode with surface microstructure arrays

为开发出高性能生物医用干式电极,提出了利用激光微铣-重铸加工方法,实现了表面具有微结构阵列特征的新型金属干式电极的制造成形。在分析电极表面微观形; 貌的基础上,研究了电极表面的润湿性能,并重点研究了扫描间距、扫描速度和扫描次数等加工参数对大肠杆菌粘附性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:在一定工艺参; 数条件下所加工出具有微结构阵列特征的电极的接触角可达150°以上,表现出超疏水的特性。在不同扫描间隙和扫描次数条件下加工出的电极对大肠杆菌的粘附; 性能具有较大影响,在选择0.1; mm扫描间隙时,电极表面粘附的大肠杆菌数量最少,适当增加扫描次数,也能够有效地减少电极表面大肠杆菌的粘结,从而发挥较好的抗菌效果。通过改变扫描速; 度加工出的电极则对大肠杆菌的粘附性能影响不大。To develop a high performance biomedical dry electrode, the laser; micromilling-recasting technology is used to fabricate the metal dry; electrode with surface micostructure arrays. Based on the analysis of; the micro morphology of the electrode surface, the wettability of the; electrode surface is discussed, and then the influence of laser; processing parameters such as scanning spacing, scanning speed and scan; times on the adhesion performance of Escherichia coli is further; investigated. The results show that the contact angle of metal dry; electrode with surface microstructure arrays fabricated with reasonable; laser processing parameter can reach more than 150° and show the; superhydrophobic characteristics. The adhesion performance of; escherichia coli of electrode is changed greatly with different scanning; spacing and scan times. When the 0.1 mm scanning spacing is selected,; the least amount of escherichia coli is found on the surface of; electrode. With the increasing scan times, the adhesion amount of; escherichia coli can be reduced. However, the scanned speed has little; effect on the adhesion performance of escherichia coli for metal dry; electrode.国家自然科学基金面上项目; 厦门市科技计划项目; 厦门市科技惠民项

A sphereovirus resulted in mass mortality of Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis

对 1999年初春福建省东山县工厂化养殖九孔鲍中发生的流行性死亡 ,开展了九孔鲍的病理学研究 ,电镜下发现病鲍的肝脏细胞质中有大量具被膜 2 0面体、大小约为 10 0nm的病毒粒子。通过感染实验 ,推断该病毒是造成此次九孔鲍大量死亡的病原体 ;由于肝脏细胞的大量病变和坏死引起九孔鲍的大量死亡。该病毒的种类和分类有待进一步研究Mass mortality of abalone Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis, occurred at abalone farms of Dongshan Prefecture, Fujian Province during the spring of 1999 and Since then pathological study was performed. Electron micrography revealed mass enveloped, about 100nm in diameter, hexagonal particles in the cytoplasm of liver of diseased abalone. Artificial infected experement revealed that the virus is the lethal pathogen of mass mortality, and histopathological changes and necrosis of the liver cell were the reshan of death.A further study on specib clasifieation of virus will be needed.福建省科学委员会资助! (98-Z -10 2 ) ;; 福建省基金项目! (C96 0 33