3例克罗恩病个体化营养支持方案分析

目的探讨克罗恩病患者个体化营养支持治疗。方法对临床药师参与制定营养支持治疗方案的3例典型病例进行分析。结果针对不同克罗恩病患者,结合其病情、营养不良的程度以及对营养制剂的耐受性等制定正确、有效的营养支持方案,可提高其生活质量,改善预后。结论克罗恩病患者营养不良发生率较高,临床药师可发挥自身专业优势,协助医师合理制定个体化给药方案,使患者从营养支持治疗中受益

LiCl/SO_4~(2-)ZrO_2催化剂上乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯

用辅以回流处理的两步法制备硫酸化氧化锆(SO2-4ZrO2),再用浸渍法制备Li质量含量为0.5%～15%的LiCl/SO2-4ZrO2催化剂.650℃时,在Li含量为15%的催化剂上,获得了90.6%的乙烷转化率、85.9%的乙烯选择性和77.8%的乙烯收率,在24h的实验考察中,乙烯的收率一直保持在71%以上.采用X射线粉末衍射、低温N2吸附、程序升温脱附和X射线光电子能谱等对催化剂的体相结构、比表面积、表面酸碱性和表面元素组成等进行了表征.结果表明,LiCl的添加使催化剂中四方相ZrO2的含量降低,比表面积减小,表面酸性减弱,乙烷氧化脱氢催化性能明显提高,但ZrO2的体相结构对其催化性能没有明显影响.随着反应时间的延长,LiCl慢慢流失,催化剂的乙烯选择性逐渐下降.与未经回流处理制得的硫酸化二氧化锆相比,采用回流处理后的ZrO2制得的SO2-4ZrO2具有较大的比表面积,单位质量的样品可负载更多的LiCl,有利于延缓催化剂活性因LiCl流失而下降

LiCl/SO_4~(2-)ZrO_2催化剂上乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯

用辅以回流处理的两步法制备硫酸化氧化锆(SO2-4ZrO2),再用浸渍法制备Li质量含量为0.5%～15%的LiCl/SO2-4ZrO2催化剂.650℃时,在Li含量为15%的催化剂上,获得了90.6%的乙烷转化率、85.9%的乙烯选择性和77.8%的乙烯收率,在24h的实验考察中,乙烯的收率一直保持在71%以上.采用X射线粉末衍射、低温N2吸附、程序升温脱附和X射线光电子能谱等对催化剂的体相结构、比表面积、表面酸碱性和表面元素组成等进行了表征.结果表明,LiCl的添加使催化剂中四方相ZrO2的含量降低,比表面积减小,表面酸性减弱,乙烷氧化脱氢催化性能明显提高,但ZrO2的体相结构对其催化性能没有明显影响.随着反应时间的延长,LiCl慢慢流失,催化剂的乙烯选择性逐渐下降.与未经回流处理制得的硫酸化二氧化锆相比,采用回流处理后的ZrO2制得的SO2-4ZrO2具有较大的比表面积,单位质量的样品可负载更多的LiCl,有利于延缓催化剂活性因LiCl流失而下降

Development and fluidized simulation of semi-continuous pilot reactor for carbon nanotubes preparation

第一作者：朱丽（1980—），女，硕士研究生，从事化工过程开发与设计研究。E-mail:[email protected]。联系人：汤培平，教授。E-mail:[email protected]。[中文文摘]在间歇过程的碳纳米管制备实验基础上结合经验公式,开发设计了制备碳纳米管的半连续中试流化床反应器,结果表明:催化剂100 g、反应温度650℃时,甲烷平均转化率23.2%,碳纳米管产率为177.5 g/h,操作周期为间歇反应器的1/3,反应器可较好地实现碳纳米管制备功能。用计算流体力学方法对此反应器内的气固两相流化行为进行数值模拟,得到在工况条件下,最佳的催化剂用量为100 g、操作气速为0.15 m/s等工艺参数。[英文文摘]Semi-continuous pilot test fluidized bed reactor for carbon nanotubes preparation was designed and fabricated,base on experiments of batch fluidized bed reactor and repeated calculations.When reaction temperature is 650 ℃,reaction time is 4 h,velocity of CH4,H2,N2 are 0.1m/s,0.008 m/s,0.016 m/s,the yield of carbon nanotubes is 177.5 g/h,conversion of CH4 is 23.2%,production cycle is shortened by 2/3.The fluidization behavior of gas-solid fluidization process was calculated by using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) package Fluent6.1.And the optimal condition for carbon nanotubes is that the velocity of CH4 is 0.1m/s,and catalyst is 100g

催化裂解法制备碳纳米管中试反应器优化研究

对催化裂解法(CVD)间歇制备多壁碳纳米管(CNTs)的中试流化床反应器的结构进行优化研究,以期简化结构、改变出料方式、实现半连续化操作。实验结果表明:床层内置加热器开启,CNTs产量下降15%,床层阻力增加67%;预热层高度为零,反应4h,产率最高为9.2g/g;催化剂量为100g,最佳匣钵高度是35cm;将间歇操作调整为半连续操作,生产周期将从24.0h降为8.5h

Study on removal boron from solargrade silicon with hydrometallurgy

湿法提纯作为冶金法制备太阳能级硅的前处理工序,可以去除大部分金属和硼杂质。研究了以氢氟酸-硫酸混合酸为浸出剂,有机溶剂甲醇作为后处理剂,去除硅粉中硼杂质的方法。采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)等对产品进行表征。酸浸过程优化工艺条件:硫酸质量分数为55%,氢氟酸质量分数为7%,酸浸温度为70℃、酸浸时间为4 H、液固质量比为8∶1。酸浸后可使硅粉中的硼杂质质量分数由6.893x10-6降至3.867x10-6,去除率为41.9%。在酸浸基础上采用有机溶剂甲醇作为后处理剂,杂质硼质量分数降至3.84x10-6,去除率为44.29%。从硼酸浸后形成的产物入手探索提高硼去除率的方法,实验验证了该方法的可行性,为研究湿法冶金预处理太阳能级硅提供了新的参考。As a pretreatment unit for preparing solargrade silicon(SG-Si) by metallurgic method,wet purification could remove most metallic impurities and nonmetallic impurities,such as boron.Experiment researched a new method to remove boron from SG-Si with mixed hydrofluoric acid-sulfuric acid as leaching agent and with organic solvent methanol as posttreatment agent.Samples were characterized by ICP and other analysis methods.When SG-Si powder had been leached at optimized conditions as follows:mass fraction of sulfuric acid was 55%,mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid was 7%,reaction temperature was 70 ℃,reaction time was 4 h,and liquid-solid mass ratio 8∶1,it was found that mass fraction of impurity boron in SG-Si was reduced to 3.867×10-6 from 6.893×10-6 and the removal rate was 41.9% after acid leaching;on the basis of the former procedure,mass fraction of impurity boron was reduced to 3.84×10-6 and the removal rate was 44.29% when treated with organic solvent.Experiment proved the feasibility of the method and provided a new reference for researching on the pretreatment of SG-Si by hydrometallurgy

Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene over LiCl/SO42--ZrO2 catalyst

Sulfated zirconia (SO42--ZrO2) samples were prepared by a modified two-step method (refluxing ZrO(OH)(2) precursor in basic solution followed by drying and (NH4)(2)SO4 impregnation) and then impregnated with a LiCl solution to give the SO42--ZrO2-supported LICI catalysts with Li mass content of 0.5% similar to 15%. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N-2 adsorption, temperature-programmed desorption-mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that with increasing LiCl loading, the specific surface area and acidity of the catalysts as well as the volume fraction of tetragonal zirconia in the catalysts decrease, while the catalytic performance of the catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODHE) to ethylene increases. Over the LiCl/SO42--ZrO2 catalyst with a Li content of 15% ethylene yield of 77.8% with an ethane conversion of 90.6% is achieved at 650 degrees C, and the yield higher than 71% is maintained over a period of 24 h. The textural structure of ZrO? has little effect on the catalytic behavior of the LiCl/SO42--ZrO2 catalysts. The specific surface area of SO42--ZrO2 samples prepared by the fled two-step method is much bigger than that of the SO42--ZrO2 samples made by the method reported in literature, and therefore more LiCl call be loaded on unit mass of support. This is favorable to improve the catalyst stability and slow down catalyst deactivation during the ODHE reaction due to the loss of LiCl

Regional differences and convergence of high-quality development of tourism in China(中国旅游业高质量发展水平的区域差异及收敛性)

分析旅游业高质量发展的区域差异及收敛性是旅游研究的重要议题。从市场提质升级、供给能力提升、企业资源配置高效、发展环境提升、产业结构优化和发展成果可持续6个维度构建评价指标体系，综合采用熵权TOPSIS法、Dagum基尼系数及其分解、变异系数和空间面板模型，对2010—2018年我国旅游业高质量发展水平、区域差异及收敛性展开了实证研究。结果表明：（1）我国旅游业高质量发展水平逐渐上升，但企业资源配置高效、市场提质升级和发展成果可持续仍是主要短板；地区发展差异显著，自东向西呈阶梯状递减规律；（2）我国旅游业高质量发展区域差异总体呈缩小态势，区域内差异变化不明显，区域间差异虽有所收窄，但仍是总体差异的最主要来源；（3）除中部地区外，全国以及东、西部地区的旅游业高质量发展均存在σ收敛，全国以及三大地区均存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛；（4）经济基础、产业结构、市场化程度和创新能力对旅游业高质量发展的提升有显著影响，但存在明显的区域异质性。据此提出缩小区域旅游业高质量发展差异的对策

植物铜转运蛋白的结构和功能

铜(Cu)是植物必需的微量营养元素,参与植物生长发育过程中的许多生理生化反应。Cu缺乏或过量都会影响植物的正常新陈代谢过程。因此,植物需要一系列Cu转运蛋白协同作用以保持体内Cu离子的稳态平衡。通常,Cu转运蛋白可分为两类,即吸收型Cu转运蛋白(如COPT、ZIP和YSL蛋白家族)和排出型Cu转运蛋白(如HMA蛋白家族),主要负责Cu离子的跨膜转运及调节Cu离子的吸收和排出。然而,最近有研究表明,有些Cu伴侣蛋白家族可能是从Cu转运蛋白家族进化而来,且它们在维持植物细胞Cu离子稳态平衡中也具重要功能。该文对Cu转运蛋白和Cu伴侣蛋白的表达、结构、定位及功能等研究进展进行综述

一种链霉菌发酵代谢产物新奥霉素的分离提取方法

本发明公开一种链霉菌发酵代谢产物新奥霉素的分离提取方法，方法包括：首先将发酵液先加热升温至60℃，杀灭发酵液中的链霉菌活菌体，通过滤布或陶瓷微滤膜除去新奥霉素发酵液中培养基固形物和菌体杂质后，除去固形物的发酵液经大孔吸附树脂吸附处理，然后，用阳离子交换树脂吸附富集大孔吸附树脂流出液中的新奥霉素，最后，采用0.5‑5.0％氨水进行解析、浓缩，制成新奥霉素母液，或添加载体，烘干制成粉剂。本发明提供了一种新的低成本制备新型生物农药新奥霉素母药或制剂的方法