Photochemical route for synthesizing atomically dispersed palladium catalysts

该工作由校内外多个课题组共同努力，历时三年多完成。我校郑南峰、傅钢等课题组紧密协作负责催化剂的合成、表征、催化测试及机理研究；中科院物理研究所谷林研究员主要负责催化剂的球差校正透射电子显微研究；加拿大达尔豪斯大学的张鹏课题组参与催化剂的同步辐射X-射线吸收谱研究。该研究工作的第一、二作者刘朋昕、赵云均为我校博士生。【Abstract】Atomically dispersed noble metal catalysts often exhibit high catalytic performances, but the metal loading density must be kept low (usually below 0.5%) to avoid the formation of metal nanoparticles through sintering. We report a photochemical strategy to fabricate a stable atomically dispersed palladium–titanium oxide catalyst (Pd 1 /TiO2 ) on ethylene glycolate (EG)–stabilized ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets containing Pd up to 1.5%.The Pd 1 /TiO2 catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity in hydrogenation of C=C bonds, exceeding that of surface Pd atoms on commercial Pd catalysts by a factor of 9.No decay in the activity was observed for 20 cycles. More important, the Pd 1 /TiO2 -EG system could activate H2 in a heterolytic pathway, leading to a catalytic enhancement in hydrogenation of aldehydes by a factor of more than 55.Supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of China grant 2015CB932303; National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 21420102001, 21131005, 21390390, 21133004, 21373167, 21573178, and 21333008; a NSERC CGS Alexander Graham Bell scholarship (D.M.C.); and a NSERC Discovery grant (P.Z.)

Effects of Submergence and subsequent Re-emergence on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Photoinhibition in Echinodorus amazonicus

通过气体交换和叶绿素荧光等方法，研究了淹水胁迫条件下及胁迫解除后皇冠草不同功能叶片的光合特性及光抑制的变化。结果表明： （1）在淹水阶段，与对照相比，气生叶（全淹组淹水前形成的功能叶）在水淹条件下叶片大小和气孔没有明显变化；但是沉水叶（全淹组淹水后新生的功能叶）的叶面积明显增加，气孔变小，上表皮气孔密度增加，下表皮气孔密度减小。 （2）水淹导致气生叶碳同化能力、光化学效率和叶绿素含量下降。沉水叶在发育过程中碳同化能力、光化学效率和叶绿素逐渐升高。 （3）出水后，在自然强光下气生叶和沉水叶的相对含水量和最大光化学效率Fv/Fm急剧且大幅度下降，发生明显的光抑制；而在弱光下Fv/Fm无明显下降。 （4）出水后离体叶片在水分充足的条件下，在强光下照射6h后气生叶和水生叶均发生严重光抑制，且在弱光下页不能恢复。 因此，我们认为淹水条件下，叶片上表皮气孔密度的增加使其蒸腾速率提高；水生叶较强的碳同化能力和增加的叶面积是确保其植株水下生存的关键；强光使水生叶出水后发生光抑制和反应中心失活，导度和蒸腾速率提高导致的叶片水分丧失则加剧了这一过程，这两者共同作用导致了自然条件下水生叶的出水死亡

蛛网膜下腔出血继发症状性癫痫的发生率、危险因素及院内结局：来自中国卒中联盟登记数据库的分析 Incidence, Risk Factors and In-hospital Outcomes of Symptomatic Seizures after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage:Analysis from China Stroke Center Alliance Registry Database

目的 调查蛛网膜下腔出血（subarachnoid hemorrhage，SAH）患者继发症状性癫痫的发生率、相关危险因素及其与院内结局的关系。 方法 本研究数据来源于中国卒中联盟（China Stoke Center Alliance，CSCA）登记数据库2015年8月1日-2019年7月31日入组的SAH患者。症状性癫痫限定为住院期间发作。依据是否出现继发症状性癫痫，将研究对象分为SAH继发癫痫组和无继发癫痫组，比较组间的人口学特征、入院GCS评分、血管危险因素、手术以及医院级别和地区的差异。采用多因素Logistic回归，分析SAH继发癫痫的危险因素，以及SAH继发癫痫与院内死亡、缺血性卒中、脑出血及肺炎的相关性。 结果 本研究纳入11 210例SAH患者，女性6623例（59.1%），平均年龄60.0±12.9岁，入院GCS评分的中位数为15分。总计228例（2.0%）继发症状性癫痫。年龄（OR 0.92，95%CI 0.87～0.97）、既往卒中/TIA（OR 1.61，95%CI 1.20～2.17）、颈动脉狭窄（OR 3.17，95%CI 1.27～10.85）、心房颤动（OR 2.64，95%CI 1.12～6.24）、脂代谢紊乱（OR 1.79，95%CI 1.03～3.13）和脑室外分流术（OR 2.30，95%CI 1.31～4.02）是SAH继发症状性癫痫的独立影响因素。SAH继发症状性癫痫可能与更高的院内死亡（OR 1.71，95%CI 0.96～3.05）、缺血性卒中（OR 4.21，95%CI 2.70～6.56）、脑出血（OR 3.87，95%CI 2.81～5.33）及肺炎（OR 2.96，95%CI 2.26～3.86）事件风险相关。 结论 症状性癫痫是SAH患者较为常见的神经系统并发症，低龄、既往卒中/TIA、颈动脉狭窄、心房颤动、脂代谢紊乱以及脑室外分流术是SAH继发症状性癫痫的独立危险因素。SAH继发症状性癫痫增加院内死亡、缺血性卒中、脑出血以及肺炎的风险。 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of symptomatic seizures after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and the relationship between secondary seizures and in-hospital outcomes. Methods The in-hospital SAH patients from the China Stoke Center Alliance (CSCA) registry database from August 1, 2015, to July 31, 2019 were enrolled in the retrospective analysis. According to the presence of symptomatic seizures or not after SAH during hospitalization, all the subjects were divided into SAH with seizure group and SAH without seizure group. Differences in demographics, score of Glasgow comma scale (GCS) at admission, vascular risk factors, surgery, and the class and region of hospitals were compared. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors of seizures after SAH and evaluate the association of in-hospital death, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and pneumonia with symptomatic seizures after SAH. Results A total of 11 210 SAH patients were enrolled in this study, with the average age of 60.0±12.9 years and 6623 (59.1%) females, and the median GCS score was 15 points. A total of 228 (2.0%) cases had symptomatic seizures after SAH. Age (OR 0.92, 95%CI 0.87-0.97), prior stroke/TIA (OR 1.61, 95%CI 1.20-2.17), carotid stenosis (OR 3.17, 95%CI 1.27-10.85), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.64, 95%CI 1.12-6.24), dyslipidemia (OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.03-3.13), and external ventricular drainage (OR 2.30, 95%CI 1.31-4.02) were independent risk factors for symptomatic seizures after SAH. Symptomatic seizures after SAH may be associated with a higher risk of in-hospital death (OR1.71, 95%CI 0.96-3.05), ischemic stroke (OR 4.21, 95%CI 2.70-6.56), ICH (OR 3.87, 95%CI 2.81-5.33) and pneumonia (OR 2.96, 95%CI 2.26-3.86). Conclusions Symptomatic seizures is a common neurological complication in SAH patients. Younger age, prior stroke/TIA, carotid stenosis, atrial fibrillation, dyslipidemia and external ventricular drainages were independent risk factors for symptomatic seizures after SAH. Symptomatic seizures after SAH increased the risk of in-hospital death, cerebral infarction, ICH pneumonia

放射光小角X線散乱法による線状・環状・分岐高分子の溶液中における分子形態および分子間相互作用の研究

総合論文Comprehensive Papers寺尾 憲, 蒋 昕悦, 領木 研之, 長谷川 博一, 放射光小角X線散乱法による線状・環状・分岐高分子の溶液中における分子形態および分子間相互作用の研究, 高分子論文集, 2018, 75巻, 3号, p. 254-264, 公開日 2018/05/25, [早期公開] 公開日 2018/04/04, Online ISSN 1881-5685, Print ISSN 0386-2186, https://doi.org/10.1295/koron.2017-0088, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/koron/75/3/75_2017-0088/_article/-char/j

缺血性卒中患者卒中复发风险预测模型研究进展及展望 Progress and Prospects of Clinical Prediction Models for Risk of Stroke Recurrence in Ischemic Stroke

临床预测模型在大数据与精准医学时代对精准风险分层、个性化诊疗和管理愈发重要。现有的缺血性卒中复发风险预测模型在开发队列人群、预测因子、预测结局、开发方法以及预测性能上存在较大差异。此外，开发方法上的缺陷、报告内容上的不完整以及外部验证和模型影响研究的缺失，使其临床应用效果受限。因此，后续的临床预测模型研究，一方面，应重视现有模型的验证和评价；另一方面，在开发新预测模型时，在预测因子的选取、模型的选用和拟合、展示方式及结果报告上，应遵循相应的方法学规范，以提高预测性能。 Abstract: In the era of big data and precision medicine, clinical prediction models are increasingly important in precise risk stratification, personalized diagnosis, and management. However, existing ischemic stroke recurrence risk prediction models vary significantly in terms of the population used for development, predictive factors, predicted outcomes, development methods, and predictive performance. Additionally, limitations in development methods, reporting, external validation, and model impact research have limited their clinical applicability. Therefore, future research on clinical prediction models should prioritize the validation and evaluation of existing models, while also adhering to methodological standards when developing new prediction models. This includes selecting predictive factors, model fitting, presentation methods, and reporting results, with the aim of enhancing predictive performance