Applications of Generators in Wind Turbine Units

电机是风力发电系统中关键的部件,不同型式的电机决定了风力发电系统不同的结构型式及其控制逻辑。文中从不同的角度对此进行了分析比较。异步机具有变速恒频、所需变频器功率小的特点,因而得到了广泛应用。随着永磁体性能的提高及价格的大幅降低,永磁同步机将会是下一代风力发电系统应用的主流机型。Electric machine is one of the key components in wind turbine units.Different types of electric machines will lead to different types of wind turbines and different control methodologies.It is described in details in this paper.Induction generator can keep frequency constant when speed is variable, and requires smaller converter only.It is widely used in wind turbine units.With the development of permanent magnet both in performance enhancement and price reduction, PM generator will be the leading type in next generation turbines

Discussion on the Teaching of Motor and Driving Subject

针对目前高校自动化、电力电子等专业的电机拖动课程的教学情况,提出存在的问题及改革的方法,以提高该课程的教学质量。This paper discussed the teaching of Motor and Driving subject covering the major of automation and power electronics. It presented some existing problems and how to improve the education for the progress in education quality

Analysis on 6 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Ammonium Chloride and Licoricl Oral Solution

目的：探讨氯化铵甘草口服溶液不良反应的特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法：对本院2014年1月-2016年3月上报的6例氯化铵甘草口服溶液不良反应监测报告进行回顾性分析,对6例患者的年龄、性别、原患疾病,药物使用情况,ADR发生时间、临床表现、治疗与转归,ADR的类型与关联性评价等项目进行统计分析。结果：氯化铵甘草口服溶液不良反应多发生于老年患者;发生时间主要在用药8h内;以累及系统呼吸系统和皮肤为主;6例患者均痊愈,未出现后遗症或导致死亡。6例ADR中一般的ADR 2例,新的一般的ADR 2例,新的严重ADR 2例;关联性评价为可能4例,很可能2例。结论：临床上应重视氯化铵甘草口服溶液的不良反应,应密切观察患者,保证用药安全。Objective： To explore the characteristics of the adverse drug reactions （ADRs） induced by ammonium chloride and licoricl oral solution, to provide the reference for clinical safe medication and prevent adverse reaction. Methods：Restrospectively analysis were used on the ADRs reports of 6 cases of ammonium chloride and licoricl oral solution form January 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital. The application of drug, the age and gender distribution of patients ,occurrence time of ADRs, clinical manifestations ; treatment and outcome ; types and relevance evaluation of ADRs were analyzed respectively. Results：ADRs were mostly happened in the senile patients 8h after the medication. The clinical manifestations were respiratory and skins. 6 patients were all recovered, no occurrence sequel or lead to death. There were 4 cases of new ADR ,4 cases of commom ADR and 2 cases of severe ADR, 4 cases of possible relevance and 2 cases of probale relevance. Conclusion：The ADRs caused by ammonium chloride and licoricl oral solution should be pay more attention to, observed the changes closely to ensure clinical safe mediation

基于主成分分析和多元曲线分辨的蓝细菌流式荧光光谱分析方法

利用流式细胞术对细胞进行多色荧光分析时,往往获得的是由多种组分荧光光谱混合的多元荧光光谱。在对蓝细菌进行光谱流式检测时,所测得的荧光光谱同时包含了多种未知荧光光谱,且存在严重的光谱混叠。为了获得蓝细菌中的主要组分光谱及其浓度,提出主成分分析和多元曲线分辨相结合的方法,对蓝细菌的流式荧光光谱进行处理。该方法通过主成分分析获得蓝细菌的主要纯组分数量,然后利用渐进因子分析寻找各组分的起始点和终止点,并估计纯组分的初始光谱,最后利用交替最小二乘结合其纯组分光谱的单峰性和非负性,对初始估计的纯组分光谱进行迭代修正,从而得到纯组分光谱及其组分浓度。仿真和实验结果表明,该方法能够准确地估计混合光谱中纯组分的个数并对其谱峰进行拟合,进而准确地估计各个组分的浓度。该方法不但适用于蓝细菌的光谱分析,还可用于其他多元混合光谱体系的解析。国家自然科学基金项目(21503171);;国家重大科研仪器研制项目(21627811)资

基于遗传算法的多组分光谱解析方法研究

光谱解析方法是一种常见的光谱分析方法,广泛用于各种化学计量学领域。现有的解析方法无法处理纯组分未知的应用体系,本文针对该情况,提出了基于遗传算法和最小二乘法的多元组分光谱解析定量分析方法。该方法首先通过遗传算法在混合光谱上寻找未知组分的最优峰位置和最优峰形,得到一组的最优纯组分光谱矩阵,再利用最小二乘拟合曲线,能够快速有效地解析混合光谱。在实验中,对纯组分光谱全未知、纯组分光谱部分未知及不同参数设置下算法的表现进行了讨论,分析其对算法收敛速度及计算结果精确性和稳定性的影响。利用该方法对流式细胞仪光谱数据进行处理,解析效果良好,谱线的契合程度高,验证其用于多组分流式细胞仪光谱数据分析的可行性、有效性和精确性。国家自然科学基金(NO.21503171);;国家重大科研仪器研制项目(NO.21627811

Study on species diversity of macrobenthos in Daya Bay,South China Sea

利用2004年3月、5月、9月和12月的大型底栖动物定量采样数据,对大亚湾大型底栖动物的物种多样性进行研究。结果表明,因人类活动影响的加剧,目前大型底栖动物多样性明显低于历史水平。2004年大亚湾海域内共出现79种(类)大型底栖动物,全海域均匀度(J)、丰富度(D)和Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)均值分别为1.17、0.74和2.06。各多样性指数的季节变化较小,不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。多样性水平以冬季0.05).The level of species diversity showed the trend of winter < spring < summer < autumn.It has been found that the distinct change of dry and wet season,the species diversity in wet season was higher than those in dry season.The species diversity of macrobenthos in outer Bay was the highest among other areas.The dominant species of Veremolpa micra and Timoclea scabra were so abundant that the species diversity of macrobenthos in center Bay and inner Bay were low.The seasonal change of the species diversity of macrobenthos in center Bay and inner Bay was caused by the change of the abundance of V.micra and T.scabra.Then the abundance of V.micra and T.scabra fluctuated with the water temperature directly.科技部社会公益研究专项资金项目(2005DIB3J020);; 广东省重大科技兴海项目(A200099E01);; 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2007ZD08);; 农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室基金项目(开-2-04-15);; 农业部渔业生态环境重点开放实验室开放基金项目(2004-22005-2

New method of variable excitation MFL testing under the condition of small magnetizing apparatus

为解决常规储罐和管道的漏磁检测(Mfl)方法中磁化器体积大、耗能多的缺点,提出了一种小型磁化器条件下的变励磁Mfl检测新方法。首先,分析了小磁化器条件下被测钢板磁化状态随外部励磁强度的变化特性,推导了偏置磁化条件下励磁通变化量与漏磁场变化率的关系模型;其次,根据所建立的关系模型,设计了一种新型变励磁Mfl检测探头,并给出变励磁Mfl法的系统实现方案;再次,结合实现方案,搭建了变励磁Mfl相应的实验平台;最后,在该平台上,开展了一系列的物理实验并对实验结果进行了深入讨论。实验结果表明,所提变励磁Mfl法无需对被测钢板进行局部饱和磁化,适合小型磁化器条件并具有较高的灵敏度。变励磁Mfl法为漏磁检测领域提供了一种新的检测思路。In the conventional method of magnetic flux leakage( MFL) testing,the magnetizer is in big volume and with more energy consumption.To solve the problem,a new method of variable excitation MFL testing under the condition of small magnetizer is proposed.First of all,the state of magnetized steel along with the change of the external excitation's intensity under the condition of small magnetizer is analyzed.Secondly,according to the established model,a new type of testing probe for the variable excitation of MFL is designed and a new implementation scheme is proposed.Furthermore,combining with the implementation scheme,an appropriate testing platform of the variable excitation MFL is set.Finally,a series of physical experiments on the platform are carried out and the results of the experiment were discussed.The experimental results show that the proposed method don't need to make local saturation magnetization of tested steel plate,which is suitable for the condition of small magnetizer with higher sensitivity.The new method provides a new testing idea for MFL testing field.国家自然科学基金(51177141); 中央高校基本科研业务项目(2010121041); 航空基金(2012ZD68003)资助项

Macrobenthic community structure in Daya Bay,South China Sea

利用2004年3月、5月、9月和12月的大型底栖动物定量采样数据,对大亚湾大型底栖动物的群落结构进行研究。结果表明,大亚湾大型底栖动物大致可分为3个群落,分别分布于湾顶及湾中大部分海域、湾中部和湾口海域,湾中部海域群落的变化较为显著。大型底栖动物整体群落结构的季节变化总体较小,但雨季对大型底栖动物群落的影响较大,存在较明显的干湿季差异。大亚湾海域生态环境受到明显的扰动,处于扰动状态中的大型底栖动物群落稳定性较差;湾顶和湾中大部分海域内的群落Ⅰ,为大亚湾的主体群落,以软体动物为主,种类组成单一、季节变化小,以小鳞帘蛤VErEMOlPA MICrA和粗帝汶蛤TIMOClEASCAbrA为特征种。该群落的稳定性最差,处于较强烈的扰动之中;稳定分布于湾口的群落Ⅲ稳定性最好,未受到扰动,以多毛类为主,种类组成较为复杂、变化较大;湾中部海域大型底栖动物群落结构变化较为复杂,主要变化区域为马鞭州附近海域。该群落系经强烈的人为扰动后,经次生演替而形成的新群落,其种类组成的季节变化非常显著,各季的种类几乎完全不同,群落的独立性和抗干扰能力均较弱;与1980'S相比,大亚湾大部分区域内大型底栖动物基本保持了原有的群落,但群落稳定性大幅下降,群落的分布范围和种类组成发生较大程度的改变,主体群落组成呈明显的简单化趋势。在人类活动影响下,湾内同一区域内群落完全演替、湾中部海域出现新的群落。Based on macrobenthos samples collected from 4 survey cruises at 40 research stations in March,May,Sept.and Dec.2004 in Daya Bay,South China Sea,the community structure of macrobenthos was studied.The result showed that macrobenthos community in Daya Bay can be divided into three groups from the inner bay to the main area of the central bay,the central bay and outer bay.The effect of changes between wet and dry seasons on the macrobenthos community structure in Daya Bay was relatively stronger,although seasonal effect on the overall community structure was small.Daya Bay was shown to be ecologically disturbed and the stability of macrobenthic community was weak.Specifically,the inner bay and main area of the central bay was strongly disturbed and was dominated by Group I community that was characterized as simple low stability and dominated by molluscs.Dominant species were Veremolpa micra and Timoclea scabra.The outer bay received little disturbance and the community was most stable.The community belongs to Group Ⅲ that was dominated by polychaete and characterized as complicated and variable.The community change in the central bay was more complicated,concentrated mainly around Maiban Zhou.Its community structure was strongly affected by human disturbance and largely different from other community groups.Species composition of the group was variable which differed largely between seasons.The stability and resilience of the community is low.The current macrobenthic community in Daya Bay is different from the 1980s' state with largely different species composition,reduced community stability and complexity.Overall,under human disturbance,the macrobenthos community in Daya Bay,and particularly in the central bay,changed to a totally different structure.中央级公益性科研院所专项基金资助项目(2007ZD08;2007ST08);国家科技部公益资助项目(2005DIB3J020);广东省重大科技兴海资助项目(A200099E01);国家农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室基金资助项目(开-2-04-15);国家农业部渔业生态环境重点开放实验室开放基金资助项目(2004-2、2005-2

A Silver Nanoparticle-Enhanced Fluorimetry for Determination of Trace Enrofloxacin in Water

在实验条件下建立了水溶液中痕量恩诺沙星的荧光分析方法;在课题组已有工作的基础上,采用“绿色“化学方法合成了银纳米粒子;研究了所制得的银纳米粒子对水溶液中恩诺沙星荧光行为的影响,并最终建立了水溶液中痕量恩诺沙星的银纳米粒子增强荧光分析方法。Firstly, a fluorimetry for determination of trace enrofloxacin in water was established in laboratory conditions.Secondly, the silver nanoparticle was synthesized based on our previous studies.In addition, effect of silver nanoparticle on the fluorescence behavior of enrofloxacin in water was investigated.Finally, a silver nanoparticle-enhanced fluorimetry for determination of trace enrofloxacin in water was also established.国家自然科学基金项目;项目号:21207103; 浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划;项目号:2013R413010; 浙江省公益项目;项目号:2012C31025