李学麟教授善用桂枝汤的临床举隅

李学麟,福建中医药大学教授,主任医师,被国家中医药管理局授予第一批“全国优秀中医临床人才“的称号。李师幼承庭训,熟读经文,博采众方,首推内经,亦重伤寒,善用桂枝,验之临床,其效桴鼓,今愚揣鄙陋,愿笔下点滴,供同道指正。桂枝汤源自汉代医圣张仲景的《伤寒杂病论》,具辛温解表之功,适用于头痛发热,汗出恶风,鼻鸣干呕,苔白不渴,脉浮缓或浮弱者的外感风寒表虚证。李师在临床实践中,体会桂枝汤,具滋阴和阳,解肌发汗,

Isolation and Characterization of an Electricity-producing Strain Shewanella sp. S2 from Marine

通讯作者：[email protected][中文文摘]以厦门白城海域的潮间带表面沉积物为菌种来源筛选得到一株具有电催化活性的菌株S2,该菌株的16S rRNA和gyrB基因发育树与Shewanella oneidensis MR-1同支,相似性分别为98.5%和87%,葡萄糖、木糖、半乳糖等碳源利用及最佳生长的NaCl浓度与S.oneidensis MR-1有显著差别,因此初步鉴定为Shewanella属菌株,命名为Shewanella sp.S2。初步研究了菌株S2产电活性,在以乳酸作为碳源产电时,电压最高为150mV,相应的电流密度为66.1mA/m2。 [英文文摘]A new electrochemically active bacterium (exoelectrogen), strain S2, was isolated from coastal marine sediments of Xiamen. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences showed that strain S2 formed a lineage within the genus Shewanella and had high similarity (98.5% and 87.0%, respectively) with strain S. oneidensis MR-1. The phenotypic characteristics indicated strain S2 could be distinguished easily from S. oneidensis MR-1 by its culture conditions such as pH, NaCl tolerance and carbon source utilization. Based on these results, it is identified as Shewanella sp. S2. The preliminary current generation experiments showed that S2 could use lactate and xylose for electricity production. When lactate was used as a fuel, the MFC had highest voltage (150 mV) and current density (66.1 mA/m2).中国大洋协会项目(No.DYXM-115-02-2-15

Application of Aptamers in Biomedicine

Corresponding author e-mail:[email protected]; [email protected][中文文摘]核酸适体是经配体指数富集系统进化技术(SELEX)筛选获得的一类能够特异性地结合离子、分子,甚至整个细胞的单链DNA或者RNA分子。本文介绍了核酸适体及相关筛选技术SELEX;综述了近年来以提高筛选效率和效果为目标的核酸适体筛选技术新进展;列举了核酸适体在无机离子、小分子、生物大分子和肿瘤细胞检测、肿瘤标记物的发现等方面的应用;讨论了基于核酸适体的靶向治疗策略;最后对核酸适体在生物医学上的应用前景进行了展望。[英文文摘]Aptamers are a new class of nucleic acid probes,which are ssDNA /RNA molecules selected to target a wide range of ions,molecules and even cells through SELEX(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technique.This paper presents aptamers and traditional selection approaches;summarizes recent efforts in developing new aptamer selection strategies;reviews new approaches for biomedical analysis,disease biomarker discovery and target therapy.Finally,the potential of aptamers in biomedicine is also discussed.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2010CB732400); 福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2008J0107)资

Accumulation of Rare Earth Elements in Spinach and Soil under Condition of Using REE and Acid Rain Stress

The content and distribution characteristics of REE in spinach and soil under using REE and acid rain stress were studied by pot experiments. The results show that the content of REE is 0.527～0.696 (μg·g - 1) in the above2ground portion of spinach , 21668～31003 (μg·g - 1) in the under2ground portion of spinach and 229109～ 250130 (μg·g - 1) in the soil . With the acidity of acid rain increasing , the leaching of REE in plants and soil is strengthened and the amount of REE reduces with decreasing of pH value . After REE are used , though plants show the selective absorption to Ce group elements (especially spraying on leaves) , regardless under acid rain stress or using REE or not , the distribution model of REE in the above2ground and under2ground portion of plants is basical2 ly the same with the control . Plants also follow the Oddo2Harkins rule of the REE of distribution abundance , light rare earth elements is enriched , the minus of Eu is abnormal and admeasure of Ce is a rich model . The results show that REE in plants mainly come from soil and are affected by it

酸雨胁迫及稀土农用条件下菠菜及其土壤中稀土元素的赋存

利用盆栽实验研究了酸雨胁迫、稀土农用条件下 ,菠菜及其土壤中稀土元素的含量及分布特征。结果表明 :菠菜地上部分的REE含量为 0 .5 2 7～ 0 .696μg·g- 1 之间 ,地下部 2 .668～ 3 .0 0 3 μg·g- 1 。土壤 2 2 9.0 9～ 2 5 0 .3 μg·g- 1 。酸雨明显地影响作物对REE的吸收和利用 ,酸度越大 ,影响越明显。随着酸雨酸度的增大、植株体内、土壤中的REE受淋洗的作用加强而表现出REE的总量随着pH的减小而逐渐减少。施用稀土后 ,植株的地上或地下部分及其土壤中的REE含量均与对照的土壤中的REE分配模式基本相同 ,遵循稀土元素分布丰度的奇偶 (Oddo Harkins)规则、轻稀土富集 ,Eu弱负异常 ,富铈配分型 ,表明稀土元素仍然主要来自土壤并受其影响

中国式学科评估:问题与出路

今年四月份,教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心(以下简称"教育部学位中心")邀请全国学位授予单位参加全国第四轮一级学科整体水平评估。随之,各个高校展开了一场大规模、高级别的学科评估申报及材料提交总动员。第四轮学科评估自发布起也引发了学界的广泛关注和热烈讨论。高等教育是中国崛起的思想发动机,关涉民族复兴的未来,而学科评估是近年来中国高等教育学科建设成就的集中展示,其意义和影响可谓深远。为了更好推进学科评估科学进行,特别是促进高等教育健康发展,《探索与争鸣》编辑部邀请全国

酸雨胁迫下稀土元素对小麦生理生化响应的作用

运用盆栽实验,对酸雨胁迫下稀土元素(REE)对小麦生理生化响应的作用进行了研究。结果表明:酸雨影响了叶绿素含量及叶绿素a/b值。叶绿素a及叶绿素总量与酸雨pH值呈正相关,POD活性随酸雨pH值减小逐渐增加,间接导致叶绿素a分解速度加快,造成叶绿素总量减少和a/b值减小,加速了叶片的老化,影响植株光能吸收、转换及碳同化。REE施用后,仍在酸雨胁迫下的植株与单一酸雨处理相比,其叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b值、POD活性均能稳定在一定水平上。在酸雨pH>3.5的情况下REE明显地表现出对小麦体内叶绿素及过氧化物酶有一定的防护作用

酸雨胁迫下,稀土元素对菠菜膜保护系统作用

利用盆栽实验，探讨了酸雨胁迫下对菠菜膜保护酶系统的防护效应。实验结果表明：单一酸雨处理会造成超氧化物歧化酶（ Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ）、过氧化酶（ Ｃ Ａ Ｔ）活性总体水平下降，其变化曲线呈“∧”形，并使过氧化物酶（ Ｐ Ｏ Ｄ）活性明显增加。施用稀土元素后酸雨胁迫下的植株叶片中 Ｓ Ｏ Ｄ、 Ｃ Ａ Ｔ 活性总体水平上升，变化曲线的峰值向酸度较大的方向移动， Ｐ Ｏ Ｄ 活性上升幅度减小，３ 种膜保护酶的活性与单一酸雨处理组相比，处在一种相对稳定的状态下，表现出在酸度不大的情况下，稀土元素对酸雨影响菠菜膜保护系统有明显的防护作用

稀土元素对酸雨胁迫小麦活性氧清除系统响应的作用

盆栽条件下,就酸雨胁迫下小麦活性氧清除系统的响应及稀土元素作用进行了研究。结果表明:酸雨导致小麦活性氧酶促系统的SOD、CAT、POD酶活性总体水平发生变化。CAT、SOD活性减弱,POD活性增加,致使体内活性氧清除能力减弱,稀土元素的施用增加了CAT、SOD活性水平,削弱了由于酸雨胁迫所导致的POD活性的增加,从而增强了清除活性氧的能力,减弱了由于酸雨胁迫对小麦活性氧清除系统造成的影响

中国超大城市空气污染和人体健康 (APHH-Beijing) 中英联合研究计划 最终报告

Chinese versio