创建中国的经济制度实验室——关于转轨中制度变迁和制度创新的思考和建议

制度一般被视为规则。根据其构成，制度又可分为正式制度、非正式制度和实施机制。正式制度是指由国家颁布并以强制力保证实施的规则。非正式制度包括习俗、传统、道德伦理、意识形态等，它们同样是制约人们经济行为的一种规则。实际上，判断一个国家的制度是否有效，除正..

On WTO Financial Service Trade Agreements and Improvement of China’s Legal System of Supervision over Market Access of Foreign-capital Banks

外资银行市场准入监管法制是当今各国普遍关注的立法热点之一。加入WTO之时我国对外资银行市场准入问题作了具体承诺，我国有关外资银行市场准入监管法规的制订应受到WTO金融服务贸易协议的约束。本文运用了比较法、法律哲学、经济学等多种方法，通过对金融服务贸易协议的分析研究，以及对各国相关监管制度的比较借鉴，提出了完善我国外资银行市场准入监管法制的几点立法建议。除前言和结束语外，本文分为四章进行论述，其中第二、四章是全文的重点。第一章是外资银行市场准入监管概述，讨论了二个问题：第一，外资银行市场准入监管的概念；第二，外资银行市场准入监管的必要性分析。本章阐述的重点是东道国对外资银行市场准入监管的必要性问...ABSTRACT Nowadays, most countries are attentive to the legal system of supervision over market access of foreign-capital banks. The legal document of China’s entering into WTO has made some specific commitments on market access. So now in China, the legislation of supervision over market access of foreign-capital banks must be restricted by the WTO multilateral financial service trade prin...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：20030821

Circular RNA CircHIPK3 Promotes NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 Cell Proliferation through miR-379 and its Target IGF1

背景与目的已有的研究证明:环状RNA是一类在哺乳动物中普遍存在的具有稳定闭合环状结构的内源性RNA分子。环状RNA; circHIPK3(circular RNA HIPK3, circHIPK3)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,; HCC)中表达水平较高,促进肝癌细胞生长。但是其在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,; NSCLC)中的作用及其调控机制尚无文献报道。本研究拟探讨环状RNA; circHIPK3对NSCLC细胞系NCI-H1299和NCI-H2170细胞增殖的影响,并进一步研究其调控的分子机制。方法Real-time; PCR法检测circHIPK3在NSCLC各细胞系中的表达水平。CCK-8实验和克隆形成实验检测过量表达和干扰circHIPK3对细胞增殖的影响; 。双荧光素酶报告基因实验分别检验miR-379与circHIPK3及miR-379与IGF1 mRNA的结合情况。Western; blot和ELISA检测细胞内外的IGF1蛋白表达水平。结果环状RNA; circHIPK3在6株NSCLC细胞株中均有表达,其中H1299表达最低,H2170表达最高,通过转染过表达的circHIPK3可显著促进NC; I-H1299细胞增殖,干扰circHIPK3可显著抑制NCI-H2170细胞增殖。miR-379可与circHIPK3及IGF1; mRNA直接结合。过表达circHIPK3导致IGF1表达量上调,干扰circHIPK3能够下调IGF1表达水平,转入miR-379; mimics恢复了circHIPK3稳转细胞株IGF1表达水平的上调及细胞增殖表型。结论环状RNA; circHIPK3在NSCLC细胞系NCI-H1299及NCI-H2170中可通过miR-379调控IGF1表达促进细胞增殖,环状RNA; circHIPK3可能成为非小细胞肺癌治疗的新靶点。Background and objective It has been proven that the circular RNA,; possessing a stable covalently closed continuous loop, is a type of RNA; molecule which is expressed widespread in mammals. The circular RNA; circHIPK3 is abundantly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and; promotes tumourgenesis. However, a role for circHIPK3 has not been; systematically examined in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this; study, we investigated whether circHIPK3 has an effect on cell; proliferation in the NSCLC cell lines NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 and the; underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods The expression of circHIPK3 was; measured by real-time PCR in NSCLC cell lines. Nuclear mass separation; experiment was used to detect the location of circHIPK3 in cells. The; gain and loss function experiments were used to examine the; proliferation of NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells by Cell Counting Kit-8; (CCK-8) and the colony formation assays. Then, circHIPK3 was cloned into; the downstream of the luciferase reporter gene which activity was; detected to verify whether miR-379 could bind with circHIPK3 or IGF1; mRNA. The protein level of IGF1 was detected by Western blot and ELISA; in circHIPK3 overexpressed/knock-down NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170 cells.; Results CircHIPK3 was generally expressed in six kinds of NSCLC cells; lines we detected, and the expression level was highest in H2170 and; lowest in H1299. Overexpression of circHIPK3 obviously promoted; NCI-H1299 cell proliferation and knock-down of circHIPK3 inhibited; NCI-H2170 cell proliferation. In the luciferase assay, miR-379 was; observed to sequester circHIPK3 and IGF1 mRNA with potential binding; sites. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of circHIPK3 could; increase the expression levels of IGF1 and knockdown reduced it.; Moreover, up-regulation of miR-379 rescued the phenotype induced by; overexpression of circHIPK3. Conclusion CircHIPK3 could promote cell; proliferation by a circHIPK3/miR-379 pathway in NCI-H1299 and NCI-H2170; cells and might be a potential tumor biomarker for NSCLC.国家自然科学基金项

农业生物多样性大数据平台建设研究和展望

农业生物多样性是指直接或间接用于粮食和农业的动物、植物和微生物的多样性和变异性,包括作物、家畜、林业和渔业等。它位于整个农业系统的底层,是农业生产信息化的重要内容,也是国家战略资源和国家安全的重要基础。国内外相关组织机构和项目积累了很多的资源和建设经验,但是仍然存在资源零散分布、缺乏顶层设计、元数据标准规范应用不足、平台之间的数据交互不够、数据的快速实时响应比较困难、高端农业智库及其资源平台建设薄弱等问题。为了更好地推动我国农业生物多样性大数据平台的研究和开发工作,本文着重从科学数据平台（基础数据平台、作物数据平台、家畜数据平台、林业数据平台、渔业数据平台、传统文化知识平台、智库平台和评估指标）和相关信息化基础资源对象（术语库、主题词表、元数据标准规范、本体和科研工作流）来梳理农业生物多样性大数据的国内外研究和应用进展,并从基础层、资源层、组织层和应用服务层等四个层次来提出农业生物多样性大数据平台的顶层建设框架,还针对当前现状和问题提出了建议和展望,为我国农业生物多样性大数据平台建设和资源共享服务提供参考。</p

化痰方及化痰活血方对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的:探讨化痰方及化痰活血方对改善糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法:以高热量饲料加小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立接近于人类2型糖尿病的糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分为糖尿病组、化痰方组及化痰活血组,以正常大鼠为对照组。观察化痰方和化痰活血方在降血糖、调节血脂紊乱、改善胰岛素抵抗作用等方面的影响并比较其异同。结果:两种功效的中药复方均能显著降低血糖、调节血脂紊乱,并能改善胰岛素抵抗,增加胰岛素敏感性。但化痰活血组在提高胰岛素敏感性方面的疗效优于化痰方组(P<0.05)。结论:具有化痰和化痰活血功效的中药复方均能改善胰岛素抵抗,但化痰活血中药复方的作用更明显

渤海典型生态灾害的发展变化特征及演变趋势

渤海是中国的内海,受海岸带地区人为活动的影响,海域生态环境退化严重,其主要表现为海洋生态灾害频发。本文对渤海近年典型生态灾害,如赤潮、大型藻类及水母发生的时空分布特征进行了总结,结合水环境变化,对其演变趋势进行了评估,并提出了相应的防控应对建议

轴对称主动冷却发动机燃烧室耦合传热分析方法研究

本文针对轴对称圆形截面的主动冷却发动机燃烧室开展了耦合传热分析方法的研究，提出了一套燃气/固壁/冷却油耦合传热分析的分析与设计方法，对设计的模型亚燃主动冷却燃烧室进行了闭环试验测试。试验测量结果与使用分析方法预测的计算结果符合的较好，说明此套耦合分析方法具有一定的可靠性和准确性，能够应用于指导工程设计。此外，比较研究了不同燃料组分替代模型计算结果的异同

二陈汤方加减对2型糖尿病并发脂肪肝模型大鼠血糖、血脂、胰岛素抵抗以及肝功能和肝脏脂肪变的影响

目的:观察具有化痰利湿、活血化瘀功效的二陈汤方加减干预2型糖尿病并发脂肪肝大鼠血糖、血脂、胰岛素的抵抗状况,以及脂肪肝模型病理形态学的变化。方法:实验于2004-04/11在厦门大学医学院动物实验中心完成。①选用健康Wistar大鼠40只,7周龄,雌雄各半。随机抽取12只为正常对照组,喂以普通饲料(其中各成分质量分数如下:碳水化合物0.6、蛋白质0.22,脂肪0.1,其他0.08,脂肪以豆油为主),其余则喂养高热量饲料(其中各成分质量分数如下:碳水化合物0.4,蛋白质0.13,脂肪0.4,其他0.07,脂肪以动物油脂为主)。2个月后,正常对照组的大鼠一次性腹腔注射0.1mol/LpH4.2枸椽酸缓冲液,其余28只大鼠则一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素25mg/kg。72h后查血糖≥16.7mmol/L为糖尿病大鼠,造模成功24只。②将24只糖尿病大鼠随机分为2组:模型组和二陈汤方加减组,每组12只。正常对照组喂以普通饲料,其余2组均喂养高热量饲料。二陈汤方加减组大鼠按8mL/(kg·d)剂量灌胃二陈汤方加减药物,由陈皮、半夏、茯苓、僵蚕及地龙等组成(上述中药由本院中药房提供),由本院药剂科制备成浓缩液(含生药2g/mL),1次/d;正常对照组和模型组灌胃等量的自来水,均连续干预16周。③然后采用ELISA法测血胰岛素水平,计算肝指数(肝湿重/体质量×100%)和胰岛素敏感指数ln｛[1/(空腹血糖×空腹胰岛素)]｝;光镜下评估肝脂肪变性和炎症坏死程度。炎症活动度计分[慢性肝炎炎症活动度及纤维化计分方案炎症活动度计分分为汇管区(P)、小叶内(L)、碎屑坏死(PN)及桥接坏死(BN)4项,每项依病变轻、中、重程度分别计以1,3,4分,计分公式为P+L+2(PN+BN)]。按照上海九强生物技术有限公司提供相应试剂盒说明书测定血清三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、白蛋白及总蛋白水平。分别于造模前、造模后8周及造模后16周采用氧化酶法测定空腹血糖。④计量资料、等级资料、率差异比较分别采用两样本均数t检验、秩和检验、两样本率差别的统计意义检验。结果:由于造模失败脱失4只,最终进入结果分析36只。①肝指数:造模后16周模型组和二陈汤方加减组明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。②空腹血糖水平:造模后8和16周模型组及二陈汤方加减组均明显高于造模前和正常对照组(P<0.01)。造模后8和16周二陈汤..

Measurement of heat flux distribution of supercritical kerosene fueled supersonic combustor

Heat flux distribution of supercritical kerosene fueled, single-side expanded supersonic combustor with two dislocated cavities was experimentally studied. The effects of inlet Mach number, total temperature, mass flow rate and fuel equivalence ratio on the combustion and heat transfer characteristics in the supersonic combustor were analyzed. The isolator inlet Mach number is 2.0 and 2.5, the total temperature is 1305 K to 1701 K and the mass flow rate is 2.0 kg/s to 3.0 kg/s. Pilot hydrogen and liquid or supercritical (773±20 K) China No.3 kerosene were injected in front of the cavities with the equivalence ratio ranges from 0.52 to 0.88. Results show that heat flux increases with the inlet temperature and mass flow rate, however, the influence of equivalence ratio is non-monotonic in the range of this study. The two inlet Mach numbers also trigger different combustion modes, which further complicates the heat flux distribution. In the end, a three parameter correlation is proposed and fitted to normalize the experiment results for comparison and discussion. © 2016, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved