the mechanism of cell metabolism regulation in necrosis

细胞程序性死亡是由细胞内信号决定的自主有序的细胞死亡方式，对正常细 胞群的稳定、机体的免疫反应、肿瘤的抑制等都有非常重要的作用。根据细胞死 亡形态学上的差异，可以将细胞死亡方式分为细胞凋亡和细胞坏死。 我们通过研究发现，细胞坏死过程中会发生细胞有氧呼吸的强烈激活，而细 胞凋亡过程不会发生。对细胞有氧呼吸的抑制可以明显抑制细胞坏死，而对细胞 凋亡没有作用，这表明细胞坏死和凋亡对细胞代谢的依赖程度具有明显差异。 RIP3作为细胞坏死过程中的关键调控因子，在细胞代谢的激活中具有重要作用。 在RIP1/RIP3/MLKL坏死复合体形成过程中，RIP3会通过直接磷酸化的方式激 活线粒体代...Programmed cell death is a kind of organizedcell suicide regulated by intracellular signals, which is very important to cell population homeostasis, immune response and tumorigenesis inhibition. According to the different morphology, programmed cell death can be divided into apoptosis and necroptosis. In our study we found that aerobic respiration was activated in necrotic cells, but not ...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院_生物化学与分子生物学学号：2162012015377

1978～2008年中国湿地类型变化

分别基于美国陆地卫星(Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+)和中巴资源卫星(CBERS-02B)影像数据,以人工目视解译为主,完成了中国1978～2008年4期(基准年分别为1978,1990,2000和2008年)湿地遥感制图,并进行了大量的室内外验证.在此基础上,对我国湿地现状及近30年来湿地变化进行了初步分析,得到以下主要结论:(ⅰ)截止2008年,中国湿地面积约为324097km2,其中以内陆沼泽(35%)和湖泊湿地(26%)为主.(ⅱ)1978～2008年,中国湿地面积减少了约33%,而人工湿地增加了约122%.过去30年里湿地减少的速度大幅降低,由最初5523km2/a(1978～1990年)降为831km2/a(2000～2008年).(ⅲ)减少的自然湿地(包括滨海湿地和内陆湿地),其类型变化由湿地向非湿地转化的比例逐渐降低.初期(1978～1990年)几乎全部(98%)转换为非湿地;在1990～2000年间减少的自然湿地约有86%转化为非湿地,而在2000～2008年,这一比例下降为77%.(ⅳ)气候变化和农业活动是中国湿地变化的主要驱动因素,湿地变化在中国分为三大不同特征区域,即西部三省/自治区(西藏、新疆和青海)、北部两省/自治区(黑龙江和内蒙古)和其他省市区.其中西部区域尤其是青藏高原,湿地变化的驱动因子以气候增温为主;新疆湿地由于气候增温和农业活动共同作用造成变化不大.北部省/自治区的湿地变化则主要由农业活动引起;而其他省市区的湿地变化几乎完全受控于人类的农业经济活动

Nd-P-O催化剂上甘油脱水生产丙烯醛反应性能

分别以磷酸、焦磷酸和三聚磷酸为磷源制备了稀土磷氧类化合物,并以甘油脱水生产丙烯醛反应为模型反应,对该类化合物催化性能进行比较。研究反应温度、载气流速、反应空速和反应溶液浓度对催化剂性能的影响,得到最佳反应条件:反应温度320℃,载气流速30 mL·min~(-1),甘油空速227 h~(-1),甘油水溶液浓度36.5%,此条件下,甘油转化率为96.4%,丙烯醛选择性为82.7%

JAK/STAT pathway mediates leptin-induced Ⅰ collagen mRNA expression in human hepatic stellate cells

目的研究瘦素对肝星状细胞(HSC)α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA表达和蛋白合成的影响,探讨Janus激酶/信号传导及活化转录因子(JAK/STAT)信号传导通路在瘦素诱导的HSC胶原基因表达过程中的作用。方法采用RT-PCR法、ELISA法和Western blot法分别检测不同浓度的瘦素对人肝星状细胞株LX-2α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA表达、蛋白合成以及JAK1、STAT3磷酸化状态的影响;采用Western blot法和RT-PCR法分别观察JAK1抑制剂AG490对瘦素诱导的JAK1磷酸化和α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA表达的影响;采用Western blot法分别观察AG490、LX-2转染STAT3反义寡核苷酸(STAT3-ASON)对瘦素诱导的STAT3磷酸化状态的影响;应用RT-PCR法检测LX-2转染STAT3-ASON对瘦素诱导的α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA表达的影响。结果瘦素增加LX-2α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA表达和蛋白合成,呈剂量效应关系,当瘦素浓度为80μg·L-1时达到最大值;瘦素促进JAK1、STAT3磷酸化,呈时间效应关系;AG490完全阻断瘦素诱导的JAK1、STAT3磷酸化和α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA的表达;LX-2转染STAT3-ASON阻断瘦素诱导的STAT3磷酸化和α1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA的表达。结论瘦素通过增加HSCα1(Ⅰ)型胶原mRNA表达和蛋白合成而在肝纤维化发生发展过程中发挥重要的作用,JAK/STAT信号传导通路参与并调节该过程,AG490和LX-2转染STAT3-ASON可有效阻滞此传导途径。在人HSC中,活化的JAK1和STAT3信号可作为肝纤维化治疗新的分子靶点。Aim To investigate the effects of leptin on α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression and protein production, and the roles of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators transcription(JAK/STAT) signaling transduction pathway in increased α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression stimulated by leptin in activated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs).Methods Firstly, α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression and protein production as well as JAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation induced by leptin at different doses in a human HSC cell line, LX-2 were determined by RT-PCR, ELISA, and Western-blot.Secondly, the effects of JAK1 inhibitor AG490 on JAK1 phosphorylation and α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression stimulated by leptin were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. Thirdly, the roles of AG490 and transfection with STAT3 antisense oligonucleotide(STAT3-ASON) in STAT3 phosphorylation after leptin were detected by Western blot. Finally, the effect of transfection with STAT3-ASON on α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression after leptin was measured by RT-PCR.Results Leptin increased α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression and protein production in a dose-dependent manner in LX-2, reaching a maximal level at 80 μg·L-1 leptin. In addition, phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT3 after leptin exhibited a time-dependent effect. Besides, JAK1 inhibitor AG490 completely blocked JAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation and increased in α1(Ⅰ) collagen gene expression after leptin in LX-2. Transfection with STAT3-ASON blocked STAT3 phosphorylation and increased α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA by leptin in LX-2.Conclusion Leptin had a direct action on liver fibrogenesis by stimulating α1(Ⅰ) collagen mRNA expression and protein production in activated HSC, and JAK/STAT signaling transduction pathway was involved in the process. JAK1 inhibitor AG490 and transfection with STAT3-ASON blocked the transduction pathway effectively in LX-2. Leptin may be an important factor in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Activated JAK1 and STAT3 signaling in human HSC line provided a novel molecular target for therapeutic intervention of liver fibrosis.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No30470755

I-SceI Meganuclease Mediates Transgenesis in Zebrafish and Connexin48.5 Localization Research

通信作者:[email protected]细胞连接蛋白是由多基因家族编码的一类结构相似、分子质量不同的蛋白质.在细胞膜上,每6个相同或不同的连接蛋白围绕中央孔排列形成一个连接子,相邻细胞膜上的连接子相互对接形成细胞间隙连接,细胞间隙连接是一种重要的通讯连接,它不仅是细胞间代谢偶联、冲动传导的结构基础,而且可以通过介导与细胞的迁移、分化、增生和器官形成有关的信号物质而在胚胎发育中起重要作用.为了进一步探讨细胞间隙连接在生物体中的作用,采用斑马鱼胚胎显微注射核酸酶I-SceI和质粒DNA的方法成功构建了绿色荧光蛋白GFP与细胞连接蛋白Connexin48.5融合表达的转基因荧光斑马鱼品系,并通过对荧光蛋白发光的观察在斑马鱼鱼体中进行连接蛋白Connexin48.5的定位.实验结果表明:核酸酶I-SceI介导下的斑马鱼转基因方法效率较高,可行性好;连接蛋白Connexin48.5在斑马鱼体内主要定位于眼球晶状体和脊索.所获得的Connexin48.5-GFP融合表达斑马鱼系,以及利用该品系进行的Connexin48.5定位研究对细胞连接蛋白在生物体内的功能研究将具有重要作用.[英文文摘]Connexins are a group of proteins coded by multi gene family.On the cell membrane,every 6 Connexins combine together to form a Connexon,and two Connexons of two different cells connect with each other to form a gap junction.Gap junction is a very important kind of communicctional connection between cells,which is not only the constructional basic of metabolic coupling and signal transduction betweens cells,but also the channeel of signal substance controlling cell migration,differentiation,proliferation and organogenesis.For a deeper study of gap junction function in organisms,we generated a transgenic zebrafish line that expresses Connexin 48.5-GFP fusion protein by co-injecting meganuclease I-Scel and plasmid DNA into zebrafish embryos.I-Scel mediate transgenesis showed high efficiency,which made it a better way to get transgenic animals than the traditional method.While the working mechanism of I-Scel remains unclear,in our opinion,I-Scel binds to its recognition site after the cleavage and promotes unclear localization of the transgene could be a good explanation.Using our transgenic zebrafish line,we found that Connexin 48.5 is highly expressed in lens and notochord in zebrafish.In addition to its expression in lens,which has been reported preciously,our new finding suggested that Connexin48.5 could have important roles 　in notochord development or nervous system function.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2009CB22200

Investigation Report on Insurance Consciousness Level of Chinese Public——Illustrated by the City of Xiamen

[中文摘要]在保险业二十多年发展历程中，我国社会公众从不知保险为何物，到渐渐的有了一定的保险意识水平。物质决定意识，但意识对物质又具有反作用，保险意识水平的高低直接关系到保险业的稳定和发展。因此，本次调查就是通过问卷调查的形式，测量目前社会公众的保险意识水平，并分析其影响因素和原因，最后从调查分析中探索提高保险意识水平，并对实践有指导意义的对策。[Abstracts] During the development of the insurance industry for more than twenty years, Chinese people have gained some basic knowledge of this line，compared with the initial ignorance. As is known to all, substance determines consciousness while consciousness feeds back on substance. It is the same that the level of insurance consciousness directly affects the development of the insurance industry. So we are doing this investigation in the form of questionnaires to measure the level of insurance consciousness of Chinese public and analyze the factors that have influence on it. Finally, we are able to come to a conclusion on how to increase the level of insurance consciousness of Chinese public