类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

研究所门户网站建设和管理探讨

基于统一标准和规范、统一部署和管理的研究所门户网站，通过主站和二级网站的信息聚集，在促进研究所的创新文化建设和促进信息化应用方面起到了至关重要的作用。本文结合中科院烟台海岸带研究所网站建设和管理方面的经验，主要从门户网站功能定位、网站管理制度和流程、管理职能划分、发挥网站信息化集成优势、丰富网站内容、保障网站安全和建立健全绩效评估体系等方面对网站建设和管理中的问题进行了探讨。</p

三苯基磷在玉米芯制备糠醛中的应用

研究了三苯基磷在稀硫酸法水解玉米芯制备糠醛中的应用。在三苯基磷用量占玉米芯总量的0.05%～0.5%范围内,考察了三苯基磷的量对糠醛收率的影响。实验结果表明:随着三苯基磷用量的增加,糠醛收率明显提高,当三苯基磷加入量为玉米芯总量的0.25%时,糠醛收率升至86.0%,同传统工艺相比,糠醛收率提高20%～25%。由此可见,通过添加三苯基磷的途径可大幅度提高糠醛收率,在稀硫酸法水解玉米芯制备糠醛工艺中将具有良好的应用前景

三苯基磷在玉米芯制备糠醛中的应用

研究了三苯基磷在稀硫酸法水解玉米芯制备糠醛中的应用。在三苯基磷用量占玉米芯总量的0.05%～0.5%范围内,考察了三苯基磷的量对糠醛收率的影响。实验结果表明：随着三苯基磷用量的增加,糠醛收率明显提高,当三苯基磷加入量为玉米芯总量的0.25%时,糠醛收率升至86.0%,同传统工艺相比,糠醛收率提高20%～25%。由此可见,通过添加三苯基磷的途径可大幅度提高糠醛收率,在稀硫酸法水解玉米芯制备糠醛工艺中将具有良好的应用前景

Studies on the Interaction between Graphene and p53-DNA by Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Spectroscopic Methods

Graphene and its derivatives have been widely used in the fields ranging from energy to biomedicine because of its peculiar physical and chemical properties. However,limited attention has been paid to potential hazards of graphene to organisms and environments. In this study,the interaction between graphene and the promoter region of p53 gene (p53-DNA) was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation (MD) technology and spectroscopic methods based on the combination of UV-vis absorption,DNA melting point test and fluorescent spectra,followed by the illustration of the interaction mechanism. MD results showed that some aromatic moieties of graphene could intercalate into the p53-DNA base pairs,which relied on pi-pi stacking interaction between aromatic moieties of graphene and p53-DNA base,and the other parts of graphene could further combine with p53-DNA by groove binding. Moreover,spectroscopic tests exhibited that graphene could increase the melting point (T_m) of p53-DNA and lead to static fluorescence quenching of EB-DNA system,suggesting that graphene was indeed able to bind with p53-DNA. Meanwhile,the ascent of absorbance of 260 nm was found in the p53-DNA as a result of the combination of graphene and p53-DNA,which meant graphene posed some effect on the double helix structure of p53-DNA. In conclusion,the mechanism of interaction between graphene and p53-DNA was investigated at molecular level in this study,which contributed to a further understanding of the toxicological effects of graphene

The Mechanisms on Apoptosis of Human Embryonic Kidney Cells 293 (HEK293) Induced by Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP) and Tris(2-chloroisopropyl) Phosphate (TCPP)

Phosphorus flame retardants,the substitutes for brominated flame retardants,have been widely used in plastics,rubber and other materials.The potential toxic effects of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) on the human body have also attracted widespread attentions from researchers home and abroad.The kidney is a crucial organ for the body eliminating toxicants.The damage of kidney cells may disrupt the normal function of the kidney.In this study,triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) were tested to investigate the mechanisms of apoptosis for human embryonic kidney cell 293 (HEK293).The key target gene p53 was screened by traditional toxicology experiments.Molecular docking and spectroscopic methods showed that TPP and TCPP could inert into the p53-DNA with intercalation and groove bindings.By disrupting the double helix structure of p53 gene fragments and activating molecular initiation events,the expression of related genes (Bax,Hrk,Bcl-2 and Bad) were affected,leading to the release of cytochrome c (cyt c) by mitochondrial pathway.Release of cyt c ultimately activate Caspase 7 to achieve cell apoptosis.This study provided basic data to research the toxic mechanism of phosphorus flame retardants.</p