Analysis of Epistatic and QE Interaction Effects of QTL Controlling Heading Date in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

抽穗期是水稻的重要农艺性状,深入了解其遗传效应对水稻育种实践具有重要现实意义。本研究利用基于明恢86×佳辐占、广陆矮×佳辐占两个重组自交系构建的SSR遗传图谱,应用混合线性模型方法对2003年晚季和2005年早季获得的两季水稻抽穗期数据进行QTL定位,并作加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。两个群体共检测到10个控制抽穗期的QTL,分别位于1、2、3、6、7和10号染色体上,仅qHD10(广佳重组自交系中为qHD10-1)在两个群体中同时检测到,另检测到11对具有上位效应的互作位点,其中有5个是加性效应显著的QTL。环境互作检测中,发现明佳重组自交系的qHD10和广佳重组自交系的qHD7与环境存在显著互作,贡献率分别为0.34%和2.32%。本研究表明:两群体的抽穗期性状的遗传受环境因素影响较小,特别是明佳组合,较适合作为分子辅助育种的研究材料。Heading date (HD) is an important agronomic trait in rice, and detailed understanding of HD's genetic effects is significant for rice breeding practice. Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) controlling HD of rice in different seasons and environments was analyzed using two Recombination Inbred Lines (RIL) respectively derived from crosses of Minghui86 × Jiafuzhan (MJ) and Guangluai × Jiafuzhan (GJ) by mixed linear model approach. 10 QTL with additive effects for HD were mapped in the chromosome 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 10 totally, and the qHD10 (qHD10-1 as in GJ-RIL) was mapped in both RIL. 22 QTL with epistatic effects for HD in these two RIL were detected, and 5 of them were QTL with additive effects. QTL× environment interaction was detected on qHD10 in MJ and qHD7 in GJ, each explain the phenotypic variation of HD with 0.34% and 2.32%. This demonstrates that QTL× environment interaction has minor influence to HD in these two RIL, and they are suitable for Molecular marker-assisted breeding, specially to MJ population

基于ERP系统的预算管理研究

由厦门大学会计发展研究中心提供的第五届会计与财务问题国际研讨会——当代管理会计新发展论文集中的第二部分：战略管理会计与平衡记分卡6尽管预算管理在国内外管理实践中受到日益关注，但传统预算管理并未能满足管理者的期望，随着经营环境的变化不断暴露其固有的缺陷。笔者对预算管理应用现状进行了分析，认为预算管理未与ERP系统融合是导致这一现象的重要原因之一，提出将预算管理与ERP系统集成应用，利用ERP系统数据快速处理、信息快速传输、信息共享、企业信息全面集成等特点，以解决预算管理实践环节由于技术原因而引发的效率底、成本高、效果差等问题。本文聚焦于三个关键问题：从技术上，将信息技术与预算管理结合，实现预算实时信息传递与反馈、动态调整与控制；从预算体系的构建上，与信息技术的要求相适应，设计多维预算体系；从预算管理流程上，实现模型化的多循环编制流程

Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice with Locally Administered Epirubicin-loaded Poly(D,L)-lactic Acid Microspheres

[中文文摘]目的研究表柔比星-聚乳酸缓释微球(EPI-PLA-MS)局部给药治疗肝癌的效果。方法复乳-溶剂挥发法制备EPI-PLA-MS。将40只昆明小鼠随机分为5组,每组8只,分别腹腔注射不同剂量的游离表柔比星(FEPI),计算最大耐受量(MTD)。H22皮下实体瘤肝癌荷瘤小鼠3组,每组5只,分别用生理盐水(normalsaline,NS)、空白微球和含药微球(含EPI9mg/kg)瘤内注射给药,2周后取瘤称重。H22腹水型肝癌荷瘤小鼠3组,每组5只,分别用NS、空白微球和含药微球(含EPI9mg/kg)腹腔注射给药,计算动物生命延长率。结果FEPI腹腔注射的MTD为9mg/kg。EPI-PLA-MS瘤内给药后含药微球组和空白微球组的抑瘤率分别为40.35%和36.09%。腹腔给药后能显著延长荷瘤鼠的生存时间,含药微球组和空白微球组生命延长率分别为153.49%和142.22%。结论EPI-PLA-MS是一种有效低毒的药物新剂型,在局部治疗肝癌方面具有良好的临床应用前景。[英文文摘]Objective To study the effectiveness of treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in mice with locally administered epirubicin-loaded poly(D,L)-lactic acid microspheres(EPI-PLA-MS).Methods EPI-PLA-MS was prepared with double emulsion solvent evaporation technique.Five groups of mice(n=8 in each group)were intraperitoneally injected with five different doses of free epirubicin(FEPI),and the maximum tolerated dose(MTD)was calculated.Then 15 mice with transplanted subcutaneous H 22 HCC were divided into three group s ( n = 5) , which were respectively intratumorally injected with normal saline (NS) , blank micro-spheres, and EPI-PLA-MS (with 9mg/kg of EPI) 1 After two weeks the tumorswere excised and weighed1 Another 15 mice with transp lanted H22 ascites HCC were divided into three groups (n=5) , which were intraperitonealy injected with the same drugs, and the increased life span were registered exactly1 Resutls　TheMTD of intraperito neally injected FEPIwas 9mg/kg1 The tumour inhibiting rateswas 40135% and 36109% when EPI-PLA-MS were administered by intratumoral injection to the mice with subcutaneous H22 HCC1 It significantly p rolonged the survival time of mice with H22 ascites HCC and the increased life span by 153149% and 142122% when EPI-PLA-MS were intraperitoneally administered1 Conclusion　EPI-PLA-MS is a new sustained release preparation with high-ef-ficacy and low-toxicity in treating HCC and has shown promising prospects when administerd locally

Potential impacts of pandemics on global warming, agricultural production, and biodiversity loss

The rising frequency of infectious diseases under climate change poses an emerging threat to environmental and agricultural sustainability by consuming large quantities of materials. The demand for crops to produce personal protective equipment (PPE) competes for land and fertilizers, leads to cropland expansion, and accelerates climate change, but the ecological impacts remain unclear. Here we explore the impacts of pandemics on global warming, agricultural production, and biodiversity loss in an Earth system model by developing relationships between consumption of PPE and the rate of infection during COVID-19. Meeting the demand for PPE would increase production of cotton lint, corn, and natural rubber, which accelerates global warming by 0.2°C with 1.8% additional species losses by 2100. Our results suggest that the risks of public health, food security, climate change, and ecological integrity have been connected to each other, which should be considered when predicting the impacts of future pandemics

Electrochemical Study on Bioceramic Coatings of Ca

羟基磷灰石/医用金属复合材料既具有基底金属的强度和韧性又具有羟基磷灰石生物陶 瓷的优良生物活性和生物相容性因而是目前最理想的植骨代用品目前制备金属基底上羟基磷灰 石陶瓷涂层主要采用的方法是等离子喷涂技术但该技术由于等离子弧焰温度较高羟基磷灰石生 物活性陶瓷在喷涂过程中不可避免地发生相变和脆裂另一方面等离子喷涂为直线过程难以在 形状复杂和表面多孔的基底上制备均匀的陶瓷沉积层 电化学沉积方法是在温和环境条件下制备羟基磷灰石涂覆层,即在接近人体生理环境条件 下电沉积Hap微晶可以获得在化学成分和晶体结构上与人体骨组织相近的羟基磷灰石涂层从 而增加植入材料表面涂层的生物相容性和生物活性本...Having both good mechanical properties and formability of the metal substrate and excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite bioceramic coating, hydroxyapatite/surgical metal or alloy composite is therefore considered as the best implant material for bone substitution. Currently, the plasma spray technique is extensively used by the implant industry to produce hydroxyapatite c...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：B1995250

海洋低氧区 N2O 的源汇过程和微生物学机制

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas, which is 300 times more effective per unit weight as a green house gas than CO2 , affecting global climate changes. The ocean hypoxic zones are important sources of N2O, and their N2O output ac count for half of the net output of marine N2O. Under the background of the expansion of the ocean hypoxic zone induced by rising glob al temperature and seawater eutrophication, the N2O output may break a new record, accelerating the process of global warming. This article systematically summarized the source-sink processes and distributions of marine N2O and relative microbiology mechanism in va rious ocean hypoxic zones, including the open ocean minimum oxygen zone (OMZ), the hypoxic zone of continental shelf, estuary and coastal sea, as well as the anaerobic basin. The paper pointed out that the flux and dynamic data of N2O in coastal hypoxic zones in duced by anthropogenic activities was more scarce compared with the open ocean hypoxic zones. Moreover, most studies only focused on N2O production process and neglect the consumption process, and were lack of understanding of the regulatory mechanism, which may lead to deviations in the estimation of ocean N2O revenue and expenditure contributions. The comprehensive approach of combining molecular ecology with geochemistry should be a powerful tool for exploring the source and sink, dynamic characteristic and regulation mechanism of N2O in the ocean hypoxic zone in the future

Numerical Simulation of Transportation of Marine Microplastics: A Review

The temporal and spatial discontinuity of microplastic sampling data restricts the investigation on their source,sink,transport pathway and trend. Numerical simulation combined with sampling investigation can comprehensively study the effects of microplastic characteristics,meteorology and hydrodynamics on the distribution and transportation of microplastics. In this paper,the studies of microplastic numerical simulation were reviewed from the aspects of numerical simulating research and their applications in microplastic tranportation,and the results were summarized as follows:The construction of the main driving force(current); the influence of environmental factors,such as wind,waves,topography and extreme sea conditions on the properties of microplastics with different characteristics(particle size,density,shape)and their tranportation; the application of numerical simulation in the study of microplastic removal. Based on progress on the study of numerical simulation of marine microplastics,the future directions were pointed out that the further simulating studies should focuson the spatio-temporal distribution and evolvement of microplastics by combining sampling data and numerical model, the simulating research on the relationship between microplastic parameters (roughness,wind drag coefficient,settling rate,resuspension rate and biofouling rate)and(meteorological and ocean)dynamic condition. Moreover,the results of simulating sensitivity experiments should be compared with sampling and laboratory testing data to improve the empirical parameters and formulas of numerical model.</p