Study of Hydrophilicity Enhancement of Aliphatic Polyester Biomaterials

脂肪族聚酯不仅具有良好的生物相容性，而且可生物降解，能参与体内正常代谢的低分子量化合物或单体。脂肪族聚酯一般为结晶性聚合物，降解周期过长，难以调节，其降解一般通过其主链酯键的水解进行，其降解速度和降解程度取决于其自身的性质，如亲水性、结晶性等。此外，脂肪族聚酯的一般为非亲水性材料，这使得细胞难以附着、亲和能力低。本论文针对上述问题，以增强脂肪族聚酯材料的亲水性和降低其结晶度为目的，通过共混法成功地制备了多种脂肪族聚酯可降解材料，并研究了共混组份间的相容性和材料的亲水性。本论文的主要研究工作如下： （1）通过热聚合法合成了聚己内酯（PCL），并通过沉淀分级法制备了窄分散的级分。通过溶液浇铸法，...Aliphatic polyesters are extensively investigated in the biomedical material fields due to their satisfactory biocompatibility as well as high biodegradability, which are based on their metabolizing and without accumulation after implantation in vivo. In this work, the developments of using aliphatic polyesters as biomedical materials are briefly reviewed, and the degradations of the aliphatic...学位：理学博士院系专业：材料学院_高分子化学与物理学号：2072008015000

Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of Hypopharynx： A Report of 5 Cases

目的探讨下咽肉瘤样癌的临床及病理学特点,为下咽肉瘤样癌的诊治提供参考依据,提高对肉瘤样癌的诊断、治疗及其预后的认识。方法分析2010年1月—2014年9月我院治疗的5例下咽肉瘤样癌患者的临床资料,包括诊疗过程、病理特征等。结果 5例患者均经过不同的手术方式,其中咽后壁扩大切除1例,梨状窝扩大切除2例,全后、全下咽、全食管切除2例;肉瘤样癌肉瘤样成分与癌成分共存,且之间有一定的移行,CK、vimentin均表达阳性,P63阳性4例。5例患者均定期随访。结论下咽肉瘤样癌有其特殊的生物学行为及病理学特点,是一种不同于其他类型的恶性肿瘤,具有自身病理特征,预后情况各不相同,外科手术仍是首选治疗方法,术后辅助放化疗。Objective To explore the biological behavior and clinical features of the sarcomatoid carcinoma（SC） of hypopharynx for improving the diagnosis,treatment and judgment of prognosis of the tumor.Methods Clinical data,including treatment process and pathology features of the 5 cases of SC underwent operation in our department from January 2010 to September 2014 was analyzed retrospectively.Results All the five patients underwent different surgical procedures and all survived,one case received pharyngeal extended resection,tow cases received pyriform extended resection and tow cases received total throat、swallow、esophagectomy resection.The biological of sarcomatoid carcinoma of head and neck performed components and cancer components coexisted,and has a certain shift between them,CK and vimentin expressed was positive in all cases,P63 was positive in 4 cases.All patients were followed up regularly.Conclusion Sarcomatoid carcinoma of hypopharynx has its special biological behavior and pathology characteristics,it is different from other types of malignant tumors,and has its own pathological features,surgeryis is still the preferred method,postoperative assistance chemotherapy is needed

Research on T Lymphocyte Subsets and NK Cells Activity in Peripheral Blood of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

目的:分析下咽鳞状细胞癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞活性情况,旨在为相关研究工作提供参考资料。方法:择取2011年6月-2016年5月本院收治的95例下咽鳞状细胞癌病患为病例组,另取此期间内来本院接受健康检查的72例志愿者为正常组。使用流式细胞仪对病患开展相关检查,分析病例组与正常组的淋巴细胞亚群、NK活性情况以及不同临床分期的下咽癌病患外周血T淋巴细胞亚群以及NK细胞活性之间的关系。结果:与正常组相比,病例组的NK细胞、总B淋巴细胞、总T淋巴细胞、辅助/抑制T细胞、辅助T细胞偏低(P0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期病患辅助T淋巴细胞比Ⅲ~Ⅳ期者略高(P>0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期病患抑制T淋巴细胞值比Ⅲ~Ⅳ期者低(P0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期病患外周血NK细胞数比Ⅲ~Ⅳ期者略高(P>0.05)。结论:下咽鳞状细胞癌病患的免疫功能异常,且随着疾病的进展,细胞免疫和体液免疫均有所降低,证实免疫功能紊乱在疾病进展中发挥了一定作用。经流式细胞设备对外周静脉血淋巴细胞亚群以及NK细胞活性情况检测,可实现动态化检测癌症病患某阶段细胞免疫功能变化详情,此法方便简单,在指导治疗方案制定以及监测疾病预后方面,均体现出了一定效果,值得进一步推广

Expression of uPARAP/ Endo180 and Its Clinical Significance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

[中文文摘]目的:探讨尿激酶型纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂相关蛋白(uPAR-associated protein，uPARAP/Endo180)、uP-AR和VEGF在鼻咽癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测58例鼻咽癌组织和30例慢性鼻咽炎组织中uPARAP、uPAR和VEGF蛋白的表达,分析其与鼻咽癌临床病理特征的关系。结果:鼻咽癌组织中uPARAP的阳性表达见于肿瘤间质的成纤维细胞和巨噬细胞,定位于胞膜和胞质,呈棕黄色颗粒状分布;uPAR阳性染色定位于肿瘤细胞与间质细胞胞浆内;VEGF阳性染色定位于肿瘤细胞胞浆内。鼻咽癌组织中uPARAP、uPAR和VEGF的阳性表达率分别为75.9%、81.0%和77.6%;与慢性鼻咽炎比较,uPARAP、uPAR和VEGF在鼻咽癌组织中的阳性表达率有显著性差异(P<0.05);鼻咽癌组织中uPARAP表达与uPAR、VEGF的表达水平呈明显正相关(P<0.05);uP-ARAP在角化型鳞癌、非角化型癌和未分化癌的阳性表达率分别为42.9%、66.7%和86.1%。随着肿瘤组织类型分化程度的下降,uPARAP表达水平有上升趋势(P<0.05)。不同组织学类型之间进行两两比较发现, uPARAP 的表达也有显著性差异( P<0.05) 。uPARAP 蛋白的表达与鼻咽癌组织病理分级、颈部淋巴结转移、临床分期密切相关( P<0.05),而与患者的年龄、性别等因素无关。结论: uPARAP、uPAR 和VEGF 在鼻咽癌组织中协同表达对促进鼻咽癌的扩散转移可能起重要作用, 联合检测这些指标有望成为判断鼻咽癌恶性程度和估计患者预后的重要生物学标志。[英文文摘]Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of uPARAP/Endo180(uPAR-associated protein), urokinase plasminogen activator receptor(uPAR) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Methods: Streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase immunohistochemistry(SP-IHC) method was used to detect the expression of uPARAP, uPAR and VEGF in 58 samples of NPC and 30 samples of chronic nasopharynxitis. Results: The positive expression of uPARAP in NPC was mainly confined to mesenchymal cells, including fibroblasts and macrophages. The uPARAP immunoreactivity was found as granulated diffuse cytoplasmic staining, as well as in a pattern suggesting localization on the cell surface. uPAR in NPC tissues was evenly distributed in the cytoplasm of both cancer cells and mesenchymal cells. The expression of VEGF in NPC was mainly seen in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. In the NPC tissues, the expression rate of uPARAP, uPAR and VEGF was 75.9%, 81.0%, and 77.6%, respectively (P<0.05). A significant difference was found in the expression of uPARAP, uPAR and VEGF between NPC tissues and chronic nasopharynxitis tissues. The expression of uPARAP was positively correlated with the expression of uPAR and VEGF in NPC. The positive expression rate of uPARAP was 42.9% in keratinizing NPC, 66.7% in non- keratinizing NPC, and 86.1% in undifferentiated carcinoma.The expression of uPARAP was associated with the differentiation of NPC. The expression of uPARAP was significantly different among different pathological types of NPC(P<0.05). The expression of uPARAP in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was significantly correlated with pathological classification, tumor grade, cervical lymph node metastases and clinical.福建省自然科学基金资助(编号:C0610045

One stage surgical treatment of multiple primary carcinoma of hypopharynx and esophagus

目的探讨下咽、颈胸段食管多原发癌(multiple primary carcinoma,; MPC)在胸腔镜辅助下行全喉、下咽、食管切除并管状胃重建一期手术的应用及疗效。方法胸科组行胸腔镜辅助下分离食管及纵膈淋巴结清扫后开腹行管状胃成形; ,头颈组行颈部淋巴结清扫、全喉下咽切除、咽胃吻合术。术后常规补充放化疗。结果本组全部病例均一期完成手术,肺部感染3例,胸腔积液2例、气管撕裂1例; ;无吻合口瘘及围手术期死亡病例;3年生存率63.6%,5年生存率50.0%。结论下咽癌应常规行胃镜检查以免MPC的漏诊;胸腔镜辅助下全喉、下咽、; 食管切除并管状胃重建术可一期完成以往分次手术难以完成的手术治疗,有效提高下咽颈胸段食管多重癌的治疗效果。OBJECTIVE To discuss the therapeutic effect of one stage surgical; treatment in the multiple primary hypopharyngeal and cervical thoracic; esophageal carcinoma. METHODS The thoracoscopy group: dissecting the; esophagus and mediastinal lymph node assisted with thoracoscope, and; then opened abdominal cavity to make gastric tube. Head and neck group:; doing the cervical lymph node dissection, total laryngectomy, total; hypopharyngectomy and total esophagectomy, and then anastomosis of the; pharynx with gastric tube. All cases were received conventional; radiotherapy and chemotherapy after operation. RESULTS All the cases in; this group were successfully underwent the one stage operation. The; postoperative complications were pulmonary infection in 3 cases, pleural; effusion in 2 cases and tracheal tear in one case. No anastomotic; fistula or postoperative deaths occurred. The 3 and 5 year survival; rates were 63.6% and 50.0% respectively. CONCLUSION It should take; necessary examinations of cervical thoracic esophagus to prevent missing; the multiple primary carcinoma of the hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The; total laryngectomy, total hypopharyngectomy and total esophagectomy, and; anastomosis of the pharynx with gastric tube for multiple primary; hypopharyngeal and cervical thoracic esophageal carcinoma is a feasible; and active treatment method

准噶尔盆地南缘沙生植被恢复与重建技术研究

本成果为国家十一五科技支撑计划课题《准噶尔盆地南缘沙生植被恢复与重建技术研究与示范》(2007BAC17B03,2007年～2010年)的主要内容。 古尔班通古特沙漠是世界著名的温带沙漠,是重要的植物抗逆种质资源库。植被分布对防风固沙,保持天山北坡经济带的可持续发展和新疆政治、经济、文化稳定与繁荣至关重要。但由于垦荒、樵采、放牧、油田工程建设,以及河流断流,导致古尔班通古特沙漠南部植被退货,同时由于植被恢复技术树木成活率过低,因此提出本课题,通过三年研究主要取得以下进展： 1.通过连续三年试验,总结出沙丘阴坡、阳坡、丘间平地等3种不同立地条件的梭梭免灌造林技术,沙丘顶部活化..