表皮生长因子受体抑制剂对外源锌离子致大鼠急性呼吸道炎症的影响

目的:探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂对外源锌离子致大鼠呼吸道急性炎症的影响。方法:将100μmol/L硫酸锌溶液经气管灌注大鼠肺部复制动物炎症模型,于灌注后4h、8h和24h处死大鼠,以PBS为对照,分别测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞计数、总蛋白、白细胞介素8(IL-8)以及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量,以选择炎症最明显的时间点。进一步用二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和EGFR抑制剂PD153035预灌注大鼠,观察其对硫酸锌溶液所致呼吸道炎症的影响。结果:不同灌注液作用后大鼠白细胞计数(F=12.149,P=0.002)和IL-8(F=48.680,P<0.001)等炎症反应指标不同,不同时间点白细胞计数(F=29.569,P<0.001)和IL-8(F=59.778,P<0.001)等炎症反应指标也不同,硫酸锌灌注后8h为炎症反应最强的时间。不同预灌注液作用后大鼠白细胞计数(F=37.872,P<0.001)和IL-8(F=24.347,P<0.001)等炎症反应指标不同,PD153035能抑制炎症反应的强度。结论:EGFR抑制剂能有效抑制外源锌离子所致大鼠呼吸道急性炎症

CHARACTERISTICS OF ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN FISH FROM XIAMEN BAY

于 1 995— 1 996年在厦门海域采集了 2 8种鱼类样品 ,用ICP MS法测定了 1 5种稀土元素 (REE)的含量 ,研究了鱼体稀土元素的组成和分布模式及与海水环境之间的关系。结果表明 ,厦门海域鱼体REE总量介于 1 2 4— 5 96 5ng/g ,平均为 (77 5± 2 8)ng/g。鱼体明显富集轻稀土 ,同时轻、重稀土之间则存在较大的分馏作用 ,说明轻稀土的生物学效应比重稀土更为显著。鱼类稀土元素分布模式总体上与海水REE分布模式接近 ,并且鱼类REE含量与近岸陆架海水REE含量之间有很好的相关性 ,说明海洋鱼类对稀土元素的利用遵从丰度规律。鱼类对稀土元素的富集系数在 1 0 3以上。稀土元素沿厦门海域食物链的迁移传递没有表现出明显的生物放大作用Rare earth elements (REEs) in muscle tissues of fish from Xiamen coastal area were determined with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in order to understand the REE distribution pattern and their relations to the aquatic environment. Twenty-eight species of fish were collected, including eight middle-to-upper layer species, eight middle-to-lower layer species and twelve benthic species. The total REE contents varied from 12.4ng/g for Mugil carinatus to 596.5ng/g for Harpodon nehereus, with an average of (77.5±2.8)ng/g. The contents of light REEs (LREE), heavy REEs (HREE) and total REE in middle-to-lower layer and benthic species were higher than those of middle-to-upper layer species, which is consistent with REE distribution of seawater. Enrichment of LREE in fish muscle suggests higher biological effects of LREE than those of HREE. Significant correlations were found between HREE, while correlations between HREE and LREE were poor, indicating large fractionation between them. The similarity between distribution pattern of REE in fish and those of coastal seawater, and significant correlations between REE contents in fish and REE concentrations in coastal seawater suggest that utilization of REE by fish followed the "abundance law". Enrichment coefficients of REE in fish muscle relative to seawater were over 10 3. Combined with REE data of benthic seaweeds, molluscs and crustaceans collected at the same time, the transfer of REE along the food chain in Xiamen coastal areas showed no obvious biomagnification.教育部博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目,960 3 84 1 2号;; 国家“九五”科技攻关项目 ,97 92 6 0 2 0 2

Stable carbon isotope study on trophic relationships of Zhubi reef ecosystem in Nansha Islands

利用稳定碳同位素分析技术研究了南沙渚碧礁生态系食物网主要生物类群之间的营养关系 .结果表明 ,生物的稳定碳同位素组成与其营养来源有密切关系 .浮游植物的δ13C为 - 1 8.3‰ ,与其所处海域的环境条件一致 .浮游动物的δ13C值变化较大 ,范围为 - 2 0 .4‰～ - 1 0 .9‰ ,表明可能存在浮游植物和碎屑两种营养来源 .珊瑚和砗磲的碳同位素组成 (- 1 7‰～ - 1 5‰ )与浮游动物相差较大 ,暗示共生虫黄藻可能在这些珊瑚的营养来源中起重要作用 .底栖海参 (- 9.6‰ )和蜘蛛螺 (- 1 2 .5‰ )的碳同位素组成与它们沉积物食性的营养特征吻合 .鱼类的δ13C值变化范围较大(- 1 7.7‰～ - 1 0 .9‰ ) ,未表现出随营养级升高而增大的趋势 ,说明影响鱼类碳同位素组成的因素比较复杂Trophic relationships among various organisms from Zhubi coral reef ecosystem in Nansha Islands were studied by stable carbon isotope technique. The results showed that δ 13 C of organisms showed a close relationship with their trophic status. δ 13 C of phytoplankton was -18.3‰ , which is consistent with the tropical marine environment. The great variation in δ 13 C of zooplankton(-20.4‰ ～ -10.9‰) was suggested that there may exist two trophic sources -- phytoplankton and detritus. δ 13 C of coral tissue and tridacnids were similar (-17‰ ～ -15‰ ) and showed great difference with zooplankton, suggesting that symbiotic zooxanthellae may play an important role in their nutrition source. Carbon isotope ratios of benthic sea cucumber Bohadshia argus and gastropod Lambis lambis were consistent with their sediment-feeding nutrition characteristics. Great variation and no obvious increase trend with trophic levels of fish δ 13 C values indicated that complex factors controlled their carbon isotope composition.国家重点科技专项专题 (97 92 6 0 2 0 2 ) ;; 厦门大学校级自选课题 (2 0 0 0 5 0 0 2

The content of rare earth elements in benthic organisms from the Xiamen Bay and their distribution and environmental implications

用ICP-MS法测定了厦门湾及邻近海域底栖大型藻类、软体动物、节肢动物中15种稀土元素的含量,研究了底栖生物稀土元素的组成及其分布与生态环境意义.结果表明,大型藻类稀土含量介于0 780～49 1μg/g,其中绿藻类的稀土总量最高,平均为24 3μg/g.软体动物稀土元素含量在0 365～21 6μg/g,以双壳类的稀土总量最高,平均为12 9μg/g.节肢动物稀土元素含量最低,范围是0 154～0 807μg/g.各类底栖生物的稀土配分特征总体上都表现为轻稀土元素的富集,其中铈、镧、钕在总稀土元素中所占的比例较高.多数底栖生物的北美页岩归一化稀土元素分布模式具4分组效应,但不同类别之间存在一定差异.底栖生物稀土元素含量及其分布模式表现出种类之间及地理分布上的差异,这对生态环境监测中种类的选取具有重要指导意义.Fifteen rare earth elements (REEs) in benthic seaweeds, molluscs and arthropods(mainly crustaceans) from the Xiamen Bay and adjacent waters were determined with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) in order to study the REE distribution and their environmental implications. The results show that the total REE contents in seaweeds vary between 0 .780～49 .1 μg/g and the highest REE content is found in green seaweeds with an average of 24 .3 μg/g. The contents of REE in molluscs are between 0 .365～21 .6 μg/g and the bivalves show the higher REE content than gastropods, with an average of 12 .9 μg/g. The contents of REE in arthropods are relatively low and range from 0 .154 to 0 .807 μg/g. Enrichment of light REE (LREE) over heavy REEs (HREE) was observed for all benthic organisms, which suggested higher biological effects of LREE than those of heavy REEs. The NASC-normalized distribution pattern of REE for most benthic organisms showed a W-type tetrad effect, while small differences were observed for different biological groups. The significance of taxonomic and geographic variation in contents and distribution patterns of REE in benthic organisms for ecological environmental monitoring was discussed.教育部博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(96038412);; 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40106007

Distribution and Diurnal Changes of Organic Carbon in Zhubi Reef Ecosystem, Nansha Islands

1999 年 4 月对我国南沙群岛渚碧礁海水中溶解有机碳的分布及礁坪区颗粒有机碳 (POC) 和溶解有机碳 (DOC) 的周日变化特征进行了观测。结果表明，渚碧礁表层海水 DOC 变化范围为 1.43~3.62 mg/L，平均为 2.16 mg/L，含量分布大致表现为礁坪区>潟湖>礁外。潟湖 DOC 的垂直分布大致表现为表层高于底层，可能与表层浮游植物的光合作用有关。礁坪区 POC 及 DOC 都呈现显著的周日变化特征，POC 呈现夜晚高，白天低的特点，浮游植物的昼夜垂直移动可能是产生该现象的主要原因。DOC 的周日变化则主要受浮游动物昼夜垂直移动及细菌等生物活动的影响。Distribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seawater of Zhubi Reef, Nansha Islands and diurnal changes of particulate organic carbon (POC) and dissolved organic carbon in reef flat were observed during April, 1999. It was shown that the content of DOC in surface water ranges from 1.43 to 3.62 mg/L, with an average of 2.16 mg/L. In different reef zones, DOC content showed much variation and the decrease order was reef flat > lagoon > outer waters. The vertical distribution of DOC in the lagoon showed a tendency of surface samples higher than deeper samples, which may be caused by higher photosynthesis of phytoplankton in surface. Both POC and DOC in a station on reef flat showed significant diurnal fluctuations. The diurnal change of POC was higher at night than in daytime, which was caused by diurnal migration of phytoplankton and demersal zooplankton while the main cause of diurnal changes of DOC may be diurnal migration of demersal zooplankton and bacteria activity.九五"国家科技攻关项目（97-926-02-02