神经网络机器翻译研究热点与前沿趋势分析

机器翻译是指利用计算机将一种语言文本转换成具有相同语义的另一种语言文本的过程。它是人工智能领域的一项重要研究课题。近年来,随着深度学习研究和应用的快速发展,神经网络机器翻译成为机器翻译领域的重要发展方向。该文首先简要介绍近一年神经网络机器翻译在学术界和产业界的影响,然后对当前的神经网络机器翻译的研究进展进行分类综述,最后对后续的发展趋势进行展望。国家自然科学基金(61672440)国家语委一般项目课题(YB135-49)厦门大学校长基金(ZK1024)国家重点研发计划(2019QY1803

Changes in expression and localization of heat shock protein 70 during curcumin-induced apoptisis of human esophageal cancer cell line EC9706

目的探讨姜黄素对人食管癌EC9706细胞凋亡的诱导作用,热休克蛋白70(HSP70)在肿瘤细胞凋亡过程中在核基质上的变化及其与凋亡调控相关蛋白的关系。方法用细胞计数和流式细胞仪检测姜黄素对人食管癌EC9706细胞的增殖抑制作用,以光学显微镜和透射电镜观察姜黄素诱导人食管癌EC9706细胞凋亡前后的细胞结构变化,琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察人食管癌EC9706细胞凋亡前后的dnA结构变化。双向凝胶电泳和质谱鉴定分析HSP70在核基质中的存在与变化;并以WESTErn blOTTIng进行确证;激光扫描共焦显微镜观察HSP70在EC9706细胞凋亡过程中的定位及其与bAX、bCl-2等基因产物的共定位关系。结果姜黄素能显著抑制人食管癌EC9706细胞增殖并诱导人食管癌EC9706细胞凋亡,双向凝胶电泳、质谱鉴定和结果发现并证实,HSP70在姜黄素处理前后的EC9706细胞核基质蛋白中的存在及其表达下调变化。激光扫描共焦显微镜观察结果显示,HSP70在EC9706细胞凋亡过程中与bAX、bCl-2等基因产物具有共定位关系,且其共定位区域发生了变化。结论姜黄素对人食管癌EC9706细胞具有显著的凋亡诱导作用;HSP70作为一种新发现的核基质蛋白,在姜黄素诱导人食管癌EC9706凋亡过程中的表达与分布发生了显著变化。HSP70与凋亡相关基因的关系对EC9706细胞凋亡具有重要影响。Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on human esophageal cancer EC9706 cells and explore the role of heat shock protein(HSP70) in cell apoptosis by examining changes in the nuclear matrix and its relationship with apoptosis-related proteins.Methods Cell counting and flow cytometry were performed to probe the inhibitory effect of curcumin on cellular proliferation.Transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy were used to observe the structural changes in EC9706 cells before and after apoptosis.Agarose gel electrophoresis was conducted to investigate the DNA structure of EC9706 cells before and after apoptosis.Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2-D PAGE) and mass spectrometry(MS) analysis were performed to investigate the presence and changes of HSP70 in the nuclear matrix of EC9706 cells before and after curcumin treatment,which was further corroborated by Western blotting assay.Laser confocal scanning microscopy was used to observe the colocalization of HSP70 with Bax and Bcl-2 during apoptosis.Results The results indicated that curcumin could markedly inhibited EC9706 cell proliferation and finally induced apoptosis.Data from 2-D PAGE,MS,and Western blotting showed that HSP70 was involved in the nuclear matrix proteins and expression of HSP70 was downregulated after curcumin treatment.Laser confocal microscopy showed that HSP70 colocalized with Bax and Bcl-2,and the colocalized regions were altered by the curcumin treatment.Conclusion Our work proves that curcumin could definitely induce EC9706 cells into apoptosis.As a new found nuclear matrix protein,the expression and distribution of HSP70 are altered during the apoptosis of EC9706 cells.The colocalization of HSP70 with apoptosis-related genes evidently affects the apoptosis of EC9706 cells.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2011J01256); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011121061

Optoelectronic characteristics of InGaAs (P)/InP strained quantum well and superlattice

利用低压金属有机化合物化学汽相沉积（MOCVd）生长技术在InP衬底上生长IngAAS/InP应变量子阱、超晶格和IngAASP/InP量子阱结构材料，利用77k光荧光（Pl）测量这一应变量子阱和量子阱的光学性质，利用双晶X光测量应变超晶格的性质。InGaAs/InP strained quantum well and superlattice,and InGaAsP quantum well were grown on InP substrate by low-pressure metal organic vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD).The optical characteristics of the strained quantum well and quantum well were studied by photoluminescent (PL) at 77 K, while the characteristics of InGaAs/InP strained superlattice are measured by X-ray double crystal diFFraction.福建省自然科学基金;国家自然科学基

交易成本视角下深圳生态线内社区的改造困境和策略

生态控制线是生态空间管控的重要举措之一,也是保护城市生态环境和提升生态环境质量的有效手段。但是,由于复杂的产权纠纷和历史遗留问题,它的划定在实际操作过程中面临着诸多挑战。妥善处理生态线内已建社区和合理进行社区改造已成为重要议题。本文以深圳市为例,系统梳理生态线内社区的特征,并引入交易成本的概念,分析生态线内社区改造过程中政府、社区、居民和开发商等利益主体的成本与收益,指出生态线内社区改造的难点在于交易成本过高以及收益与成本缺口巨大,并在此基础上提出一系列针对性的改造策略,以期更好地推进生态线内社区改造,逐步完成生态修复工作,更好地实现生态价值与社会经济价值,并为其他城市提供借鉴和参考

Differentiation Induced by Ginsenoside Rg1 Combined Formula Involved the Alteration of Prohibitin Localization and Expression in Human Osteosarcoma MG-63 Cells

选择性抽提经人参皂苷Rg1组合(RCT)诱导处理前后的人成骨肉瘤MG-63细胞核基质,对prohibitin在核基质中的存在、分布及其与相关基因产物在RCT处理前后MG-63细胞中的共定位关系进行观察研究.蛋白质组学分析结果显示,prohibitin存在于人成骨肉瘤MG-63细胞核基质蛋白组分中,并在RCT处理后细胞核基质中表达下调;蛋白质印迹杂交确证了prohibitin在MG-63细胞核基质中的存在及其在RCT处理后下调变化;免疫荧光显微镜观察进一步证实prohibitin定位在核基质上,经RCT处理后出现分布位置与表达水平变化;激光共聚焦显微镜观察可见prohibitin与c-Fos、c-Myc、p53和Rb基因产物均存在共定位关系,并在RCT处理后共定位分布区域出现变化.本研究证实了prohibitin是一种新发现的核基质蛋白,其在核基质上的定位与表达在RCT诱导分化前后发生显著变化,并与相关癌基因、抑癌基因产物存在共定位关系.实验表明RCT处理引起的prohibitin的变化与人成骨肉瘤MG-63细胞的诱导分化与调控具有密切关系,为深入揭示RCT等中药有效成分诱导肿瘤细胞分化的机理提供了重要科学依据和深入探索的新方向.Prohibitin is a nuclear matrix protein and associates with various oncogene products.A combined formula with ginsenoside Rg1,cinnamic acid and tanshinoneⅡA(RCT)was used to treat human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells in this study.We found that the prohibitin expression in the nuclear matrix was of decreased following RCT treatment by Western blot.The colocalization of prohibitin with the products of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes,including c-Fos,c-myc,p53 and Rb was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and laser scanning confocal microscopy.We observed significant alternations of prohibiitin distribution and the degree of colocalization with the associated gene products after the cells exposed to RCT.The results suggested that prohibitin might be involved in the RCT-induced differentiation in MG-63 cells.Our findings may provide information to expand the applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas in cancer-related studies.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30470877)~

Expression and Localization of Nucleophosmin During HMBA-induced Differentiation in Human Hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 Cells

To explore the existence and distribution of nucleophosmin in the nuclear matrix and its co-localization with the other related gene products following HMBA treatment in the human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells,the nuclear matrix of SMMC-7721 cells was extracted pre/post HMBA induced differentiation.2D PAGE proteomics analyses showed that nucleophosmin existed in the fractions of nuclear matrix proteins and was down-regulated after HMBA treatment with further confirmation by Western blot analysis.The immunofluorescence observation revealed that nucleophosmin located in the nuclear matrix,HMBA treatment altered its expression level and distribution profile.The co-localization of nucleophosmin with cancer-related genes and the products of oncogenes or tumor repression genes,including c-fos,c-myc,p53 and Rb,using laser scanning confocal microscopy,were evaluated,and substantial differences were observed following HMBA treatment.The results implies that nucleophosmin,as a nuclear matrix protein,the level of its expression and the colocalization with cancer-related gene products may play an important role during the differentiation of SMMC-7721 cell.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30470877)~

The Characterization of InGaN and InGaN/GaN Quantum Wells Grown by LP-MOCVD

【中文摘要】 利用 MOCVD系统在 Al2 O3衬底上生长 In Ga N材料和 In Ga N/ Ga N量子阱结构材料。研究发现 ,In Ga N材料中 In组份几乎不受 TMG与 TMI的流量比的影响 ,而只与生长温度有关 ,生长温度由 80 0℃降低到 74 0℃ ,In组份的从 0 .2 2增加到 0 .4 5 ;室温 In Ga N光致发光光谱 (PL)峰全半高宽 (FWH M)为 15 .5 nm;In Ga N/ Ga N量子阱区 In Ga N的厚度 2 nm,但光荧光的强度与 10 0 nm厚 In Ga N的体材料相当。 【英文摘要】 InGaN bulk material and InGaN/GaN quantum well were grown by low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition(LP MOCVD),and they were characterized by X ray and photo luminescence(PL) maximum at room temperature.The PL full width of half of InGaN grown at 800 ℃ is 15.5 nm at room temperature and the peak wavelength is 437 nm.The In composition in InGaN did not dependent on the ratio of TMG and TMI but on the growth temperature and the In content increases from 0.22 at 800 ℃ to 0.45 at 740 ℃.The In com...福建省自然科学基金资助项目 (E9820001) ; 国家教育部高等学校骨干教师资助计划项目资

The Photoluminescence Properties of Self assembled and Nano sized Silicon Quantum Dots

【中文摘要】 用 Si H4 气体的减压 CVD法 ,在氧化硅以及石英基板上自然形成了高密度的 (～ 10 11cm-2 )纳米尺寸的半球状硅晶粒 (硅量子点 ) ,并且对其光学吸收和发光 (Photo- luminescence,PL)特性进行了评价。用表面热氧化了的硅量子点样品 ,在室温条件且在高于 1.2 e V以上的能量范围内观察到了 PL谱。随着量子点尺寸的减少 ,PL谱的光学吸收限移向高能方向。 PL谱的峰值能呈现大幅度的 (约 0 .9e V)斯塔克移动 ,并且 PL谱的强度几乎与温度无关 ,说明发光来自与局域能级相关联的发光和复合过程。 【英文摘要】 Using the low pressure CVD method with SiH 4 gas, we have accumulated the silicon quantum dots in self assembled and nano sized on a silica glass substrate. The optical absorption and photoluminescene spectra have been observed. With decreasing the size of silicon quantum dot, the limit of optical absorption shifts to higher energy. The intensity of photoluminescence spectrum is independent of temperature, which means that the photoluminesce...福建省自然基金资助项

The Effects of Neonatal Bovine Brain Bioactive Peptide NBBP-1 on Proliferation and Associated Gene Expression of Human Neuroblastoma SK-N-SH Cells

目的:应用新生牛牛脑活性肽nbbP-1处理人神经母细胞瘤Sk-n-SH细胞,观察nbbP-1对人神经母细胞瘤Sk-n-SH细胞增殖和相关基因表达的影响。方法:通过细胞计数、流式细胞仪、光学显微镜、免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞的变化。结果:经60μg/MlnbbP-1处理后,Sk-n-SH细胞生长抑制率高达90.09%,细胞周期被阻滞在g0/g1,细胞核裂解成多个,免疫细胞化学染色结果显示,经处理后bCl-2抗凋亡基因蛋白表达减弱,而P53、fAS、bAX等促凋亡基因蛋白表达增强。结论:新生牛牛脑活性肽nbbP-1对人神经母细胞瘤Sk-n-SH细胞凋亡具有显著的诱导作用,其诱导癌细胞凋亡的机理与其调节和干预癌基因bCl-2和P53、fAS、bAX等抑癌基因的表达有关。Objective:To study the effects of neonatal bovine bioactive brain peptides in peakⅠ(NBBP-1),with which we treated SK-N-SH cells,on the proliferation and gene expression of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells.Methods:The changes of SK-N-SH cells induced by NBBP-1 were detected by means of cell count,flow cytometry analysis,light microscope and immunocytochemistry.Results:Treated with 60 μg/mL NBBP-1,the proliferation of SK-N-SH cells was inhibited effectively,and the rate was up to 90.09 %.Cell cycle was arrested in G1/S phase.Nucleus broke into several parts.The results of immunocytochemistry showed that expression of anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 was down-regulated and expression of apoptotic genes p53,fas,bax were up-regulated.Conclusions:This study suggested that NBBP-1 could regulate the proliferation of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells effectively,and the effect was related with the changes of oncogene and tumor-suppressor gene.福建省科技计划重点项目(2003N0052)资

Study on the Nutrient Content of Bamboo Leaves and Soil in Coastal Region of Fujian

第一作者简介：陈松河，男， 1968年出生，福建长泰人，研究员，硕士生导师，硕士，主要从事园林植物（竹类）分类、栽培与抗逆性研究。通信地址： 361003厦门市思明区虎园路 25号， Tel：0592-2039619，E-mail：[email protected]。[中文文摘]为了研究福建滨海地区竹类叶片与土壤养分状况,对福建滨海3地厦门园博苑百竹园、莆田赤港华侨农场竹园和莆田湄洲岛竹类植物叶片和土壤养分进行实地调查取样分析。结果表明:3地17种竹类成熟叶片和衰老叶片氮(N)、磷(P)含量存在显著差异,且存在明显的地域性差异;竹类生长土壤氮(N)含量均值大小依次为厦门园博苑0.3697mg/g、莆田赤港0.2820mg/g、莆田湄洲岛0.1921mg/g;磷(P)含量均值大小依次为莆田湄洲岛0.3926mg/g、厦门园博苑0.3134mg/g、莆田赤港0.2152mg/g;莆田赤港和莆田湄洲岛10种竹类成熟叶片叶绿素a含量(Ca)和叶绿素b含量(Cb)均值比达到2.17,Ca和Cb间经11种单因子模型拟合,最优的拟合方程为:YA=0.9699+3.7374B-0.7166B2+0.0439B(3A代表Ca,B代表Cb),相关系数的平方达0.934,呈极显著相关关系;竹类植物盐害等级为0级的有5种,盐害等级为1级的有10种,盐害等级为2级的有2种,盐害等级为3级以上的未见。[英文文摘]In order to study nutrient status in bamboo leaves and soil,3 coastal region in Fujian, Xiamen Garden & Flower Expo (XMYB), Farm for Returned Overseas Chinese in Putian (PTCG) and Meizhou Island of Putian (PTMZ) were studied in this paper by field investigation and sampling analysis. The results were shown as follows: the content N and content P in mature and senescent of 17 species leaves in 3 coastal region were significant difference, also significant difference in region. The average value content N of bamboo soil inXMYB, PTCG, PTMZ were 0.3697, 0.2820, 0.1921 mg/g in turn. The average value content P of bamboo soil inPTMZ, XMYB, PTCG were 0.3926, 0.3134, 0.2152 mg/g in turn. The proportion of 10 mature bamboo speciesaverage value between content Ca and content Cb was 2.17, through 11 models of single factor analysis, the relation between the bamboo’s chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll b content accorded with model cubic: YA= 0.9699 + 3.7374B-0.7166B2 + 0.0439B3 (A stands for content Ca, B stands for content Cb), the square of itscorrelation coefficient was 0.934, it was very significant. Bamboo salt damage 0 degree had 5 species, 1 degreehad 10 species, 2 degree had 2 species, no species in 3-5 degree.厦门市科学技术局科研项目“竹类植物耐盐机理与筛选应用研究”(3502Z20102003);厦门市市政园林局科研项目“竹类植物在观赏园艺上的应用研究”(YK-2000-02