Identification of Colorants in Food by Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Wavelet-based Reverse Search

使用金纳米粒子为增强因子的表面增强拉曼光谱技术,通过连续小波变换将拉曼光谱信号转化到小波空间(墨西哥帽小波作为小波基)。该步骤能够减轻信号中基线; 变化及随机噪音的影响并找到峰位置和最佳小波尺度系数。依据小波空间中的信息,对混合物光谱及标准谱光谱进行反向搜索得到反向搜索匹配系数(Revere; match quality,; RMQ),作为判断混合物中目标成分是否存在的依据。该算法可对混合物中的目标物质进行准确定性,并已成功应用于多种食品中色素鉴定。食品中色素的检出率; 达到99%,且结果稳健,其效果明显优于传统的命中质量系数法(Hit quality index,; HQI)。这证实了小波空间反向搜索方法是一种快速而准确的拉曼光谱定性算法。In this study, a gold nanocrystal colloid was used as the enhancement; factor for surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Raman spectra were; transformed by continuous wavelet transform (CWT),and Mexican hat; wavelet were chosen as the wavelet basis. This procedure could be used; to alleviate the influence of baseline variations and random noise,and; find peak positions and the best scale wavelet coefficients of signal.; Reverse search method was proposed to compare the spectrum of an unknown; sample with a spectrum of standard using the information in wavelet; space. Reverse match quality (RMQ) could be obtained automatically to; determine whether a substance is present. It was used to identify; colorants in a variety of food successfully. The colorants could be; identified with 99 percent accuracy. It shows a better performance; compared with traditional hit quality index (HQI). The study confirmed; that the wavelet-based reverse search is feasible and accurate in; qualitative analysis.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 国家重大科学仪器设备开发专

雷公藤减毒增效工艺的研究进展

目的:为更安全使用雷公藤提供参考。方法:检索中国知网,从制备工艺上对雷公藤减毒增效的技术手段进行文献综述。结果:雷公藤减毒增效的制备工艺主要有传统的炮制减毒、超临界流体萃取技术和加压溶剂提取技术。制剂新技术制备的如胃漂浮缓释片、微乳凝胶等均能明显缓解患者的不良反应,减毒效果明显。结论:不同的制备方法可为研究更加安全有效的雷公藤制剂提供理论依据。福建省科技计划项目(No.2012I1001

The Effect of NaCl Stress on the Ion Absorbtion of Manilkara roxburghiana(Wight)Dubard

为了研究古巴牛乳树在nACl胁迫下的离子效应及抗性方式,本试验测定了古巴牛乳树根、枝条、叶在nACl胁迫下Cl-、nA+、k+、CA2+的含量及分布特点。结果表明:古巴牛乳树根、枝条、叶的Cl-、nA+、CA2+含量随处理浓度的提高而增加,k+、k+/nA+随处理浓度升高而降低;在8‰处理浓度时,根、枝条、叶中的Cl-含量分别为对照的7.86、11.82、16.53倍,nA+含量分别为对照的3.36、3.04、4.40倍,k+/nA+分别为0.17、0.25、0.16;相同处理浓度下,Cl-、k+、CA2+含量高低顺序均为:根<枝条<叶,nA+含量高低顺序为:枝条<根<叶;叶中的Cl-、nA+、k+、CA2+等4种离子含量均比根、枝条高。说明古巴牛乳树吸收Cl-、nA+、k+、CA2+后,较大部分的将4种离子输送至叶片中,推测其抗性方式为耐盐性。In order to study the ion response and mode of salinity resistance of M.roxburghiana,the contents and distribution of 4 kinds of ions(Cl-,Na+,K+,Ca2+)in roots,branches,leaves under NaCl stress were assayed.The results showed that Cl-,Na+,Ca2+ contents in M.roxburghiana roots,branches,leaves raised with the rising NaCl concentration,while K+content and the ratio of K+/Na+dropped.The Cl-content in roots,branches,leaves was respectively 7.86,11.82,16.53 times higher than that in the control under 8‰ NaCl and Na+content was respectively 3.36 times,3.04 times,4.40 times.The K+/Na+ratio in roots,branches,leaves was respectively 0.17,0.25,0.16.The Cl-,K+,Ca2+ contents followed the order: roots<branches<leaves,Na+content did: branches<roots<leaves.The 4 kinds of ions contents were larger in leaves than in branches or roots under the same NaCl concentration.The results showed most of the ions were transported to the leaves after entering the plants.It was deduced that the mode of salinity resistance was salt tolerance for M.roxburghiana and that the imbalance of Ca2+ related to the salt damage.厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20092023

The Physiological Response of Synsepalum dulcifcum Denill Leaves to NaCl Stress

为明确神秘果(Synsepalum dulcifcum Denill)的耐盐能力,研究其在NaCl胁迫下的适应机制并丰富果树的耐盐机理,通过盆栽试验法,以0、2‰、4‰、6‰、8‰NaCl溶液分别对幼苗进行胁迫处理,测定叶片叶绿素、渗透调节物质、抗氧化物酶、丙二醛含量及土壤实际盐度。结果表明:在NaCl胁迫下,神秘果叶片的叶绿素合成受到明显抑制;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性随浓度增加而显著升高,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性则是先升后降,在4‰时达到最高;可溶性蛋白含量与处理浓度呈负相关;脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量和对照相比有显著增加,推测脯氨酸和可溶性糖在胁迫过程中起着重要的渗透调节作用。To clear the tolerance and adaptive mechanism of S. dulcifcum and to rich the theory about the salt tolerance mechanism of fruit trees. The potted plants were watered with 0, 2‰, 4‰, 6‰, 8‰ NaCl and the physiological characteristics including the changes about chlorophyll, soluble protein, soluble proline, soluble sugar,SOD, POD, CAT, MDA of NaCl stress in S. dulcifcum leaves were measured. The result showed that the chlorophyll synthesis was significantly restricted under NaCl stress. The activity of SOD or POD increased clearly with the NaCl concentration, and the CAT activity increased to a peak under 4‰ NaCl and then dropped. The content of soluble protein dropped under NaCl stress while that of proline, soluble sugar increased significantly. It was deduced that proline or soluble sugar working as osmotic potentials in cells played a key role in salt tolerance of S. dulcifcum.厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20092023

Study on the rheology of xanthan and synergistic interaction with konjac gum and other gum

研究前期筛选获得一株多糖胶质高产菌Xanthomonas axonopodis所产的黄原胶FJAT-10151-DTJZ的品质,为该黄原胶的开发应用提供基础数据及参考。通过分析浓度、剪切速率、p H、加热温度、时间、冻融处理等对FJAT-10151-DTJZ粘度的影响研究其流变性,并研究其与结冷胶、黄原胶、凝胶多糖、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶、魔芋胶、果胶和壳聚糖8种胶的协效性。实验结果表明,FJAT-10151-DTJZ溶液的粘度随浓度的升高而升高,且为非牛顿流体;当FJAT-10151-DTJZ的浓度为1%时,其粘度为343 m Pa·s;p H、冻融对FJAT-10151-DTJZ的粘度影响不大;FJAT-10151-DTJZ的最佳加热温度为75℃;粘度随加热时间先增大后减小,当加热温度为75℃,加热时间为150 min,1%浓度的FJAT-10151-DTJZ溶液的粘度为808 m Pa·s。FJAT-10151-DTJZ只与魔芋胶有强烈的协同增效作用,与壳聚糖、结冷胶、黄原胶、凝胶多糖、瓜尔豆胶、刺槐豆胶、果胶无协效性。A Xanthomonas axonopodis strain producing xanthan gum had been screened,and researched the quality of xanthan gum FJAT-10151-DTJZ in order to provide basic data and reference for development and application. The rheology properties of FJAT-10151-DTJZ were discussed according to the viscosity variation with different conditions including concentration,shearing,p H,heating temperature,heating time and freezingthawing. The synergistic interactions of FJAT-10151-DTJZ with chitosan,gellan gum,xanthan gum,curdlan,guar gum,locust bean gum and pectin were also investigated. The results showed that polysaccharide gum solution FJAT-10151-DTJZ was non-Newton fluid. It's viscosity rised with its concentration and reached to343 m Pa·s when the concentration was 1%. The p H change and freezing-thawing played negligible effects on its viscosity. Its viscosity was 808 m Pa·s when it was heated at 75 ℃ for 150 min. Besides,FJAT-10151-DTJZ had no synergistic interaction with chitosan,gellan gum,xanthan gum,curdlan,guar gum,locust bean gum and pectin except konjac gum.国家948项目(2014-Z48);; 福建省公益类科研院所专项(2015R1018-2);; 福建省农业科学院科技创新项目(2015CX-7

ZTY-1型海床基水下系统状态监测仪的研制

国家863计划818主题资助项目818 11 26

甲壳素溶致液晶的研究

报道了甲壳素有溶致液晶性．对四种不同分子量的甲壳素的研究结果表明，分子量增大，临界浓度显著降低，胆甾相平均螺距减少，但液晶有序微区平均尺寸却增加．甲壳素分子量为２８４×１０６、１４７×１０６、９４×１０５和５３×１０５时，在二氯乙酸中的临界浓度（Ｗ／Ｗ）分别为０００５、００１５、００３５和００５０．根据理论分析，甲壳素可视为刚性链，与多肽相似．甲壳素的指纹状织构不同于其他溶致液晶体系，在各种分子量甲壳素的两相共存浓度区内，液晶有序存在于内含指纹的不规则微区内，而不是滴状微区内

Function of a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein Tlp1 in Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571

【目的】考察茎瘤固氮根瘤菌中趋化基因簇上游的受体蛋白Tlp1编码基因的突变表型,初步探究其功能机理。【方法】利用同源重组和三亲本接合转移的方法构建突变株,在TY培养基中测定生长情况,半固体平板法观察趋化圈,刚果红固体培养基观察胞外多糖和次生代谢产物的分泌,乙炔还原法测定菌株的固氮酶活性。【结果】与野生型菌株相比,tlp1突变株的生长速率没有影响。在以甘油为碳源的L3半固体平板上突变株的趋化圈变小,其回补菌株能部分回补趋化能力。突变株的胞外多糖分泌与野生型没有区别,但其次生代谢产物黑色素出现的时间比野生型稍早。在固氮酶活性测定中,发现突变株酶活性明显比野生型降低,回补菌株能够部分回补。【结论】茎..

Characterization and immunoprotective effect of SjIrV1,a 66 kDa calcium-binding protein from Schistosoma japonicum

钙结合蛋白是日本血吸虫生长发育不可缺少的蛋白,具有非常广泛而重要的功能。在课题组日本血吸虫体被表膜蛋白研究基础上,利用PCr技术克隆了中国大陆株日本血吸虫66 kdA钙结合蛋白(SJIrV1)编码基因的CdnA序列,blAST分析与菲律宾株日本血吸虫SJIrV1 CdnA编码序列一致,荧光定量PCr分析表明该基因在童虫和成虫期不同发育阶段均有表达,其中在35 d和42 d成虫中表达量较高,在42 d雌虫中该基因表达水平远高于42 d雄虫。构建重组表达质粒PET28A(+)-SJIrV1,在大肠杆菌中成功诱导表达,重组蛋白主要以可溶性形式存在,通过高效液相色谱法(rP-HPlC)以及串联质谱法(MS/MS)鉴定所获蛋白为目的蛋白SJIrV1。蛋白质印迹(WESTErn blOTTIng)分析结果显示重组蛋白能被感染日本血吸虫鼠血清和免疫鼠血清所识别,SJIrV1蛋白在虫体各发育阶段中均表达。免疫荧光染色实验观察表明SJIrV1主要分布在日本血吸虫成虫的表膜。应用重组蛋白免疫bAlb/C小鼠后,免疫鼠血清中检测到较高水平的特异性Igg、Igg1和Igg2A抗体。结果表明SJIrV1可能在日本血吸虫的生长发育过程中起着重要作用。Calcium-binding protein is an indispensable protein which performs extensive and important functions in the growth of Schistosoma japonicum.Based on our primary study on tegument surface proteins of S.japonicun,a cDNA encoding a 66 kDa calcium-binding protein of S.japonicum(Chinese strain) was cloned,sequence analysis revealed that it was identical with that of SjIrV1 of Philippines strains S.japonicum.The expression of SjIrV1 were detected by Real-time PCR,using cDNA templates isolated from 7,14,21,28,35 and 42 days worms and the results revealed that the gene was expressed in all investigated stages,and the mRNA level of SjIrV1 is much higher in 42 d female worms than that in 42 d male worms.The cDNA containing the open reading frame of IrV1 was subcloned into a pET28a(+) vector and transformed into competent Escherichia coli BL21 for expression.The recombinant protein was purified using a Ni-NTA purification system,and confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS).Western blotting analysis showed that recombinant SjIrV1(rSjIrV1) could be recognized by the S.japonicum infected mouse serum and the mouse serum specific to rSjIrV1,respectively.Immunofluorescence observation exhibited that SjIrV1 was mainly distributed on the tegument of the 35-day adult worms.ELISA test revealed that IgG,IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies are significantly increased in the serum of rSjIrV1 vaccinated mice.The study suggested that rSjIrV1 might play an important role in the development of S.japonicum.国家自然科学基金(No.31172315); 上海科技发展基金(No.12140902700); 中国博士后科学基金(No.2012M510630)资助~