我国传染病微生态的预防发展趋势

我国传染病微生态的预防发展趋势范明远，向近敏，苏文金，郝维善，何明清，王世荣传染病的预防战略，传统观念仍局限于疫苗和药物两大主题。从微生态学（细胞或分子生态学）角度来考虑传染病的预防战略，是当今国际上生物医学的发展趋势。微生态学是边缘学科之一，根据其..

福建省人力资源管理学科发展研究报告

人力资源管理学科发展短却迅速,福建省人力资源管理学科发展也很迅猛。本研究从人力资源开发、战略人力资源管理、招聘与就业、绩效管理、薪酬管理、职业发展、员工关系管理、团队管理、跨文化管理、闽台人才交流合作等方面,对福建省人力资源管理研究者研究成果或人力资源管理研究者在福建省学习期间的研究成果进行综述。分析福建省人力资源管理学科发展的趋势,提出福建省人力资源管理学科发展的对策与建议

Management of Asparagus Bean Cultivation with Soil Amendment and Microorganisms

在溫室評估10種有機物防治長豇豆鐮孢菌萎凋病(由Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheciphilum引起)的效果，結果發現0.5%或1%(w/w)蝦蟹殼粉可顯著促進土中放線菌與細菌量的增殖外，亦可抑制33-56%長豇豆萎凋病的發生率。同時利用fluorecein diacetate (FDA)水解反應也發現土壤添加蝦蟹殼粉確可顯著提高土中的微生物活性。由長豇豆的根圈土壤分離本病原菌的拮抗微生物，測試17株細菌菌系中，發現Bacillus spp. PMB-028與PMB-034兩者可有效抑制36-47%罹病度，並可提高33%長豇豆的根鮮重與增加30%的固氮根瘤數。進一步研究，亦佐證PMB-028與PMB-034兩菌系可顯著提高蝦蟹殼粉防治長豇豆鐮孢菌病害的效果外，且又可促進植株的固氮根瘤數目。利用Biolog identification system及16rDNA序列比對鑑定兩拮抗菌的學名，結果PMB-034與PMB-028分別被鑑定為B. subtilis及B. amyloliquefaciens。 評估有機添加物與微生物對於長豇豆植株生長在台中與大里土壤中吸收營養元素的影響。試驗結果發現在台中與大里土中添加0.5％(w/w)蝦蟹殼粉和B. subtilis strain PMB-034(108 cfu/g soil)，分別可以有效降低50％與62％長豇豆萎凋病的罹病度；同時尚可在兩種土壤中促進長豇豆幼苗的生長。長豇豆的地上部植體分析，發現在台中土壤中添加蝦蟹殼粉與B. subtilis PMB-034可以顯著促進植株吸收營養元素；然而在大里土壤中，添加物與微生物對於促進植株吸收營養的效果卻不顯著。本研究證實在含有病原菌的土壤中添加蝦蟹殼粉與枯草桿菌後，土壤來源是影響長豇豆植株吸收營養元素的重要因子之一。 綜合上述結果，本研究證實土壤添加蝦蟹殼粉，配合拌入B. subtilis PMB-034或B. amyloliquefaciens PMB-028用於栽培長豇豆，及防治其鐮孢菌萎凋病是一種值得開發運用的方法。Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate 10 organic materials for control of asparagus bean wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum. Results showed that amendment of shrimp and crab shell powder (SCSP) at 1% (w/w) in the pathogen-infested soil was the most effective in reducing population density of F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum. Treatment of pathogen-infested soil with SCSP at 1% (w/w) and 0.5% (w/w) reduced disease severity by 56% and 33%, respectively. These treatments also promoted seedling growth and formation of nodules of asparagus bean. Analysis of hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) showed that amendment of soil with SCSP at 1% (w/w) resulted in a significant increase of soil microbial activity. Among the seven strains of Pseudomonas spp. and 10 strains of Bacillus spp. tested in the pathogen-infested soil, Bacillus spp. strains PMB-028 and PMB-034 were the most effective in reducing disease severity by 36% and 47%, respectively. Meanwhile, treatment of PMB-028 and PMB-034 also increased root fresh weight of asparagus bean by 20% and 46% and increased formation of root nodules by 30% and 31%, respectively. In advance studies, it revealed that combined treatment of SCSP at 0.5% (w/w) and Bacillus spp. strains PMB-028 and PMB-034 was more effective than the treatment of SCSP or bacterial strain alone in reducing disease severity of Fusarium wilt and improving growth and nodule formation of asparagus bean. Bacillus strains PMB-034 and PMB-028 antagonistic to F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum were identified by Biolog microbial identification system and 16S rDNA sequence comparison. Strains PMB-034 and PMB-028 were identified as B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens, respectively. In advance, the experiments were carried out to evaluate efficacy of soil amendment with shrimp and crab shell powder (SCSP) and B. subtilis strain PMB-034 on control of Fusarium wilt of asparagus bean caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum and growth of bean plants in two field soils. Results showed that amendment of soils, from Taichung or Dali, with SCSP at 0.5% (w/w) and B. subtilis (108 cfu/g soil) were effective in controlling Fusarium wilt of asparagus bean and improving seedling uptake of mineral nutrients and seedling growth. Compared to untreated control, the treatment of SCSP at 0.5% and B. subtilis PMB-034 (108 cfu/g soil) reduced disease severity by 50% and 62% in Taichung and Dali soils, respectively. The treatment also increased shoot dry weight by 39.3% and 57.7% in Taichung and Dali soils, respectively. Results of analyses of nutrient elements in shoots of asparagus bean showed that SCSP and B. subtilis PMB-034 had a stimulatory effect on nutrient uptake of asparagus bean in Taichung soil where the contents of macro-element nutrients including N, P, K, Ca, Mg increased by 50-67%, and micro-element nutrients including Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn increased by 57-98%. In contrast, this treatment did not cause a significant effect on nutrient uptake of asparagus beans grown in Dali soil. This study suggested that soil source is an important factor affecting uptake of mineral nutrients of asparagus bean plants grown in infested and non-infested soils with or without amendment of SCSP and B. subtilis.Abstract……………………1 摘要 ………………………4 Chapter I Introduction ………6 Literature cited ……23 Chapter II Control of Fusarium wilt of asparagus bean by organic soil amendment and microorganisms ……34 Abstract ……35 Introduction ……………36 Material and Methods ……38 Results ………45 Discussion ……50 Literature cited ……52 Tables and Figures ……58 Chapter III Identification of two Bacillus strains antagonistic to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum …………68 Abstract ………69 Introduction ………69 Material and Methods ……71 Results and Discussion ……76 Literature cited ……78 Tables and Figures ……81 Chapter IV Influence of organic amendment and Bacillus subtilis on mineral nutrient uptake of asparagus bean in two field soils 90 Abstract ……………91 Introduction ……92 Material and Methods ……94 Results …………98 Discussion …………100 Literature cited ………102 Tables ...………107 Chapter V Discussion and Conclusion …………112 Literature cited ………11

基于动态规划的混合动力重型货车能量管理策略研究

为了进一步挖掘混合动力重型货车的节油潜能，设计了基于动态规划的整车能量管理策略。首先，基于Matlab软件平台建立了混合动力重型货车准静态整车模型，并以燃油经济性为目标函数，以电池荷电状态为状态变量，以混合动力系统转矩分配比例系数为控制变量，建立了动态规划最优控制的数学模型；然后，基于中国重型混合动力汽车能耗测试工况C-WTVC进行了整车仿真分析；最后，基于动态规划的仿真结果，提取了改进的规则，并在AMESim与Simulink联合仿真平台下进行了C-WTVC工况仿真。仿真结果显示，相比于基于规则的能量管理策略，基于动态规划的能量管理策略能使整车燃油经济性提高了13.9%，基于改进规则的控制策略使整车燃油经济性提高了2.6%，验证了改进规则策略的有效性

震后次生山地灾害的活动特点与形成规律研究最终报告

本研究以汶川地震重灾区为研究区，通过野外现场调查、遥感解译、模拟实验、数值模拟以及理论分析等综合手段，开展了汶川地震引发的次生山地灾害活动特征与分布规律、震后山地灾害孕灾环境变化与山地灾害长期演化规律、震后滑坡崩塌（含滚石）形成条件与机理、震后成灾条件下水土耦合效应与泥石流形成机理、次生山地灾害防治技术改进5个方面的研究工作。取得了以下主要创新性成果：（1）调查判识了967处新增泥石流，阐明了震后泥石流活动特征、演化趋势与山地灾害分布规律，编制了地震区系列灾害图；（2）揭示了震后震裂边坡失稳破坏机理和宽级配弱固结土石体形成泥石流的机制；（3）发展了震后泥石流警戒雨量计算方法、峰值流量修正方法、主河输移控制型泥石流防治设计的原理与方法，初步建立了强震带边坡工程位移控制设计与柔性防护技术体系；（4）构建了基于人工可控排泄的堰塞湖应急处置和滚石灾害防治技术