To examine urban open space

Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-136).published_or_final_versio

Design and Implementation OA in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Based on J2EE

办公自动化由70年代未80年代初在我国的提出，到现在已有了近二十年发展历史。由于办公自动化技术的不断发展，办公自动化新产品不断的出现，办公自动化的内涵也不断地丰富和发展。企业办公自动化系统是企业管理系统的一部分，企业内部办公网络的内容很多，如公司内部公告信息的发布，文件的管理，员工内部交流信息的发布和共享，个人日程及工作日志的安排，出勤登记。 随着信息技术的不断发展以及互联网技术的日益成熟，使远程办公成为可能。你无论身处何地，只要有上网条件就可以利用网上办公系统，及时有效地对各种文件、报告进行处理，同时也将彻底摆脱桌面上沉重繁杂的纸张文件，使得繁重的工作变得轻松自如，极大地提高工作效率。 ...Office automation by the age of 70 are not at the beginning of the 80's in China, now has nearly twenty years of development history. Due to the continuous development of office automation technology, the office automation and new products continue to emerge, the content of office automation also unceasingly rich and development. Enterprise office automation system is a part of enterprise manageme...学位：工程硕士院系专业：软件学院_工程硕士(软件工程)学号：X201123012

Thoughts on the Applications of the “Equator Principles” in the Domestic Banking Industry

1991-2008年，我国国内生产总值（GDP）连续18年保持7%以上（含）的增长速度，国家经济实力明显增强。但由于资源浪费、生态退化和环境污染，在很大程度上影响了经济增长的质量，社会和环境问题成为经济持续发展的瓶颈。近年来，国家不断重视社会民生和环境保护，提出了树立科学发展观、建设和谐社会的新要求，社会和环境的重要价值日益凸显。作为现代经济的核心，对社会和环境风险进行控制和管理成为金融机构新的企业社会责任要求，国内银行业正在实施的绿色信贷政策，就是推进科学发展观制度建设、构建和谐社会发展、加快经济结构调整、转变经济增长方式的重要措施。而国际金融界日渐盛行的旨在管理和发展与项目融资有关的社会和...China's gross domestic product （GDP）has been maintaining a growth rate of above 7% （inclusive) for 18 consecutive years from 1991 to 2008, during which the nation's economic strength has been increasing distinctly.However, the quality of economic growth is affected to a large extent, with social and environmental issues become a bottleneck to the sustained economic growth due to the waste of resou...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院工商管理教育中心（MBA中心）_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：X200515508

CFRPおよびCFRP/金属ハイブリッド複合材料のプレス成形への積層構造の影響

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 柳本 潤, 東京大学教授 吉川 暢宏, 東京大学教授 高橋 淳, 東京大学准教授 岡部 洋二, 東京大学准教授 土屋 健介, 東京大学准教授 古島 剛University of Tokyo(東京大学

TNF-α及TNF-α抗体对破骨细胞V-ATP酶的影响

目的研究不同浓度的TNF-α及TNF-α抗体对破骨细胞上V-ATP酶表达量的影响。方法体外诱导小鼠RAW264.7细胞分化为破骨细胞,通过抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色检测破骨细胞生成情况。然后将破骨细胞分为对照组、TNF-α干预组及TNF-α抗体干预组,TNF-α干预组、TNF-α抗体干预组分别用低、中、高三种浓度的TNF-α、TNF-α抗体干预48 h。用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)、Western blot检测破骨细胞V-ATP酶的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果 TRAP染色检测提示有多核破骨细胞生成。TNF-α处理组V-ATP酶mRNA表达水平显著高于对照组(P<0.001);TNF-α抗体处理组V-ATP酶mRNA表达水平显著低于对照组(P<0.001)。同时,TNF-α处理组V-ATP酶蛋白表达水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);TNF-α抗体处理组V-ATP酶蛋白表达水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 TNF-α可提高破骨细胞V-ATP酶的表达;TNF-α抗体可抑制破骨细胞V-ATP酶的表达。上述提示TNF-α可能通过提高破骨细胞V-ATP酶的表达从而增加破骨细胞的骨吸收作用。国家自然科学基金资助项目(81272168);;福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2016J01623

脉冲电磁场对卵巢切除大鼠骨组织活化T细胞核因子2和空泡型V-ATP酶mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨脉冲电磁场(pulsed electromagnetic fileds,PEMF)对卵巢切除(ovariectomized,OVX)大鼠骨组织细胞核因子κB受体活化因子(receptor activator of NF-κB,RANK),活化T细胞核因子2(nuclear factor of activated T2,NFAT2)和空泡型V-ATP酶(vavcuolar H+-ATPase,V-ATP)表达的影响。方法:将48只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SHAM),卵巢切除组(OVX),卵巢切除+脉冲电磁场治疗组(OVX+PEMF)。OVX+PEMF组大鼠在频率8Hz,磁场强度3.8m T的PEMF下每天干预40min,干预8周和16周后检测大鼠骨密度和骨组织RANK,NFAT2和V-ATP的mRNA表达水平。结果:OVX组BMD在第8周(P0.05,而SHAM组NFAT2与V-ATP表达均低于OVX组(P0.05;16周时OVX+PEMF组RANK和NFAT2表达均高于SHAM组(均P0.05。OVX组与OVX+PEMF组相比,8周时两组RANK和V-ATP表达均P>0.05,OVX+PEMF组NFAT2表达低于OVX组(P0.05,NFAT2和V-ATP在OVX+PEMF组的表达均下降(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:PEMF可通过下调OVX大鼠骨组织中NFAT2和V-ATPmRNA的表达从而抑制破骨细胞的骨吸收,进而延缓OVX大鼠的骨丢失。国家自然科学基金(81272168);;福建省自然科学基金(2016J01623,2017J01375);;福建省卫生计生委青年科研课题(2015-2-45

低频脉冲超声对骨关节炎中软骨细胞的影响

超声被广泛应用于临床的诊断和治疗,但是临床上低频脉冲超声(lIPu)的应用却非常有限。在实验中,lIPu的应用却是很广泛。在许多的动物实验中证实,lIPu对许多结缔组织疾病有一定疗效。骨关节炎(OA)是以关节软骨细胞、细胞外基质、软骨下骨等合成与分解代谢失衡,关节软骨损坏为特征的全关节疾病。国家自然基金资助(81272168

几种天然产物在海洋防污涂料中的应用研究

将天然产物齐墩果酸、蛇床子素和鱼藤酮作为防污剂,分别制备海洋防污涂料,在厦门海域检验其海区防污效能,并与已报道在厦门海域具防污效能的天然产物喜树碱进行比较,发现蛇床子素和鱼藤酮在海区挂板2个月内显示出一定的防污效能,齐墩果酸没有呈现出防污效能,而喜树碱的海区防污效能明显优于上述3种天然产物。另外,将喜树碱与鱼藤酮进行1∶1复配,并将这2种天然产物与氧化亚铜、N-(2,4,6-三氯苯基)马来酰亚胺(TCPM)和吡啶硫铜锌(ZPT)这3种防污(助)剂分别进行1∶1复配,共获得7种复配防污剂,制备相应的海洋防污涂料以检测其防污效能,发现喜树碱-TCPM、喜树碱-ZPT以及喜树碱-鱼藤酮这3种复配防污剂具良好的防污效能。进一步在上述涂料中选取了防污效能最优的含喜树碱涂料,在福建东山海域和海南陵水海域分别进行了海区挂板试验,结果表明含喜树碱涂料在这2个海域均显示出稳定、优异的防污效能,且期效可达13个月以上。文中研究为推进天然防污产物在海洋防污涂料中的应用进程提供了重要资料。厦门市海洋经济创新发展示范产业链协同创新类项目(16CZB023SF12);;海洋(赤潮)灾害立体监测技术与应用国家海洋局重点实验室开放研究基金(MATHAB201808);;福建省海洋经济发展补助资金项目(FJHJF-L-2018-2

Subgrid scale fluid velocity timescales seen by inertial particles in large-eddy simulation of particle-laden turbulence

Large-eddy simulation (LES) has emerged as a promising tool for simulating turbulent flows in general and, in recent years,has also been applied to the particle-laden turbulence with some success (Kassinos et al., 2007). The motion of inertial particles is much more complicated than fluid elements, and therefore, LES of turbulent flow laden with inertial particles encounters new challenges. In the conventional LES, only large-scale eddies are explicitly resolved and the effects of unresolved, small or subgrid scale (SGS) eddies on the large-scale eddies are modeled. The SGS turbulent flow field is not available. The effects of SGS turbulent velocity field on particle motion have been studied by Wang and Squires (1996), Armenio et al. (1999), Yamamoto et al. (2001), Shotorban and Mashayek (2006a,b), Fede and Simonin (2006), Berrouk et al. (2007), Bini and Jones (2008), and Pozorski and Apte (2009), amongst others. One contemporary method to include the effects of SGS eddies on inertial particle motions is to introduce a stochastic differential equation (SDE), that is, a Langevin stochastic equation to model the SGS fluid velocity seen by inertial particles (Fede et al., 2006; Shotorban and Mashayek, 2006a; Shotorban and Mashayek, 2006b; Berrouk et al., 2007; Bini and Jones, 2008; Pozorski and Apte, 2009).However, the accuracy of such a Langevin equation model depends primarily on the prescription of the SGS fluid velocity autocorrelation time seen by an inertial particle or the inertial particle–SGS eddy interaction timescale (denoted by \delt T_{Lp} and a second model constant in the diffusion term which controls the intensity of the random force received by an inertial particle (denoted by C_0, see Eq. (7)). From the theoretical point of view, dTLp differs significantly from the Lagrangian fluid velocity correlation time (Reeks, 1977; Wang and Stock, 1993), and this carries the essential nonlinearity in the statistical modeling of particle motion. dTLp and C0 may depend on the filter width and particle Stokes number even for a given turbulent flow. In previous studies, dTLp is modeled either by the fluid SGS Lagrangian timescale (Fede et al., 2006; Shotorban and Mashayek, 2006b; Pozorski and Apte, 2009; Bini and Jones, 2008) or by a simple extension of the timescale obtained from the full flow field (Berrouk et al., 2007). In this work, we shall study the subtle and on-monotonic dependence of \delt T_{Lp} on the filter width and particle Stokes number using a flow field obtained from Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). We then propose an empirical closure model for $\delta T_{Lp}$. Finally, the model is validated against LES of particle-laden turbulence in predicting single-particle statistics such as particle kinetic energy. As a first step, we consider the particle motion under the one-way coupling assumption in isotropic turbulent flow and neglect the gravitational settling effect. The one-way coupling assumption is only valid for low particle mass loading

中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学国家重点实验室;

湍流的小尺度混合特性对湍流燃烧过程至关重要。在大涡模拟中,由于采用空间滤波操作,湍流的亚格子尺度运动被过滤掉,亚格子尺度的湍流混合特性需要进一步模化。假设的标量在亚格子尺度中的概率密度分布函数是一种主要的模化方法。作者之前的研究显示,使用标量的一阶和二阶滤波矩作为参数的假设双高斯滤波密度函数模型可以很好的描述标量在亚格子中的混合状态,用于预测三阶和四阶滤波矩时也得到了很好的结果。这预示着,标量的滤波密度函数可能是一阶和二阶标量滤波矩的某种函数。因此,以一阶和二阶标量滤波矩作为条件变量,从解析的角度推导出湍流亚格子混合的条件滤波密度函数表达式,并与湍流标量混合的DNS结果互相验证。更进一步地,将..