Relationship of reverse osmosis membrane concentrates using coagulation-adsorption process

某石化集团PTA废水采用三级生化处理,拟用连续微滤和反渗透膜组合技术(双膜法)处理该生化系统的排放水,使反渗透膜出水达到循环冷却水水质标准。在该回用系统中浓缩水的处理是关键的一环。作者采用混凝—吸附的方法处理了该RO浓缩水,考察了絮凝剂种类、絮凝剂体积比、总投加量、pH、吸附剂种类、吸附时间、吸附剂用量以及组合处理方式等因素对COD去除效果的影响。结果表明,FeCl3的处理效果明显优于其他4种无机絮凝剂;FeCl3辅以高分子助凝剂PAM的处理效果明显优于单一FeCl3。一定条件下"混凝—活性炭吸附"的出水无色透明,总的COD去除率可达56.9%,满足了石化废水二级排放标准。The effluent after third class biological treatment of PTA wastewater by a petrochemical group is planed for recycling.Continuous micro-filtration(CMF) and reverse osmosis(RO) membrane integrated process(double-membrane process) has been carried out.The water quality of RO effluent has achieved the standard of cooling-circulation water quality.The disposal of the concentrate plays the pivotal roles in the whole recycle system.Coagulation and adsorption methods are then adopted for treating RO membrane unit concentrate.The influences of coagulation nature,volume ratio of coagulant,total amount of coagulant,pH,adsorption agent nature,adsorption time,dosages of adsorption agent and combination manner on the COD removal are investigated in detail.The results show that FeCl3 is the best choice compared to the other 4 kinds of inorganic coagulants used in this experiment.The treatment efficiency of using FeCl3 singly is obviously lower than that of using PAM combined with FeCl3.Under certain conditions,The effluent after"coagulation-activated carbon adsorption" integrated process is colorless and transparent and has a total COD removal of 56.9%,which meets the second grade standard of petrochemical wastewater discharge

The research of micro-electrolysis process composed of discarded iron slag and coke pretreating landfill leachate

［中文文摘］研究表明,废铁屑和焦炭微电解是预处理垃圾渗滤液的一种有效方法,可去除垃圾渗滤液COD、色度和腐殖酸等污染物质,改善其可生化性、降低负荷,为后续生化处理创造良好的条件。通过静态正交实验确定废铁屑和焦炭最佳投加体积比为1∶3;最佳反应pH值为4;动态实验中,反应时间为1 h时,COD和色度去除率分别高达68%和91%;BOD/COD从0.3提高到0.5左右。［英文文摘］The study shows that micro-electrolysis process is an effective method to pretreat landfill leachate.It can remove much of COD,chroma,humic acid and can improve leachate′s biodegradable ability to create good conditions for following biochemical treatment.The optimal volume ratio of iron slag and coke is(1∶3) by orthogonal array experiments;the optimum pH is 4.In continuous feed experiments,the removal rates of COD and chroma could reach 68% and 91% respectively;BOD/COD is increased from 0.3 to about 0.5

A PILOT SCALE EXPERIMENT ON VC-MAKING WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY MEMBRANE BIO-REACTOR

主要介绍了某维生素制造企业废水系统运行情况以及MBR改造工艺的启动方法和在不同工艺条件下的运行情况。通过比较2种工艺条件,确定污泥浓度控制在8000mg/L,溶解氧控制在2mg/L,水力停留时间14h,系统对CODCr的平均去除率能达到90·20%,氨氮的平均去除率能达到89·95%。It is maily introduced the performance of a wastewater plant of a VC-producing company and the start-up method of the VC wastewater treated by the MBR process and the running under different conditions of the system.Through comparing two different process conditions,when the sludge concentration is controlled at 8 0000 mg/L ,DO controlled at 2 mg/L and the HRT controlled at 14 hours,the average COD_ Cr removal rate will be 90.2% and the NH_3-N removal rate will be 89.95%

Deposition and its Treatment in West Xiamen Bay

根据近30年来的调查与观测数据,并对比不同时期的海图资料,剖析了厦门西港淤积的原因.揭示了目前航道淤积的泥砂主要来自九龙江河口区及港内的浅滩和岸滩沉积物的再运动.进而提出了清滩造岛、红树林固滩等治理措施,以此增加纳潮量,减轻波流的掀沙量及其给航道造成的淤积,同时增加海岛面积,提高经济价值,增强生态功能.Based on the data from a long-term investigation and observation in the past 30 years compared with the historic sea maps,this paper discusses the causes of accumulation in West Xiamen Bay.It concluds that the sediments of the channel are mainly from the resuspended sediments of shoals in Jiulongjiang Estuary and West Xiamen Bay at present.Therefore,it is advisable to clear out the channel by removing shoals to build islets and by recovering mangrove forest to reduce the amount of coastal resuspended sediments.The accumulation in the channels will be controlled,and the coastal ecological and economic benefits improved.厦门理工学院科学技术研究项目(YKJ07005R

Selection of Xiamen Water Supply Pipeline Routes to Jinmen Island

目前金门岛上居民人口3万人左右,各项工作正处于等待发展阶段,虽然岛上水源并不十分紧缺,但是,一旦金门转入旅游观光特区建设,向外开放旅游和商务活动增多,水源不足的问题将立即出现.因此,提早做好进岛水源管道的准备已经显得十分必要.本文根据近十几年来在厦门-金门岛海区开展的调查、观测资料,通过对比分析海底和海岸地貌、水深、水动力等基本情况,认为从大嶝岛的阳塘村到金门岛狮山的管线方案是一条可行、投资少和施工方便的最佳线路.A water supply pipelines from Xiamen to Jinmen will be required once Jinmen is open to sightseeing and business and preparation is therefore necessary now.Based on survey findings of the seabed and shore physiognomy including water depth,waves and currents,this paper provides a cost-effective scheme from Yangtang Village of Dadeng Islet to Shishan of Jinmen Islet,which is easy to implement

PILOT RESEARCH ON UASB-CASS REFORM PROCESS WITH MBR FOR TREATMENT OF BINARY ACID WASTEWATER

介绍了直链二元酸废水原有处理系统运行情况及使用MBR改造工艺的启动以及在无排泥情况下的8种运行工况。通过比较分析,确定污泥浓度控制在7000～9700mg/L、溶解氧为2～3mg/L时,HRT可缩短至2d,MBR工艺出水水质稳定良好,COD、NH4+-N均值分别为79mg/L和1.6mg/L,优于污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)的二级排放标准。In this paper is introduced the operating condition of the original UASB-CASS for treating linear binary acid wastewater, and eight operating conditions of its reform process with MBR in case of starting and non-sludge discharging. Through analysis and comparison, it is shown that, when sludge concentration was 7000～9700mg/L,DO was 2～3mg/L,HRT can be shorten to 2 d, the effluent quality of MBR is better,COD,NH4+-N average values are 79 mg/L and 1.6 mg/L respectively, being superior to the second class discharging standard of "Sewage Comprehensive Discharging Standard"(GB8978-1996)

Filtration of anaerobic sludge mixed liquor using double-shaft rotary ultrafiltration membrane module

设计开发了一套中试规模的双轴旋转超滤膜组件系统.系统容器容积120 L,内装填的有效膜面积为4 m2.试验选用两种不同截留分子量(5万和10万)的PVDF超滤膜,采用该系统处理厌氧生物反应器内泥水混合液,研究了膜截留分子量、膜渗透通量、过膜压差、膜旋转速度之间的相互关系.结果表明,一定膜旋转速度下,随着过膜压差的提高,存在一个膜极限渗透通量;随着膜旋转速度的降低,膜极限渗透通量明显下降,且膜极限渗透通量出现时对应的过膜压差往低压方向迁移;截留分子量大小对膜过滤行为的影响在高压、高转速区有减弱趋势.A set of pilot scale double-shaft rotary ultrafiltration membrane module was designed and developed.This module has a capacity of 120 L with an membrane area up to 4 m2 of flat membrane. Two kinds of PVDF membranes with the cut-off molecule weight of 50 k and 100 k respectively were used in this module to filtrate anaerobic sludge mixed liquor.Relationships among the membrane cut-off molecule weight permeate flux,transmembrane pressure,and membrane rotary speed were investigated.Results showed that there was a critical flux when the transmembrane pressure increased at a constant membrane rotary speed.With the decrease in membrane rotary speed,critical fluxes were observably decreased,and the lowest transmembrane pressures corresponding to the appearance of critical flux moved to lower pressure point.Effect of cut-off molecule weight on the membrane filtration became weak especially at the high pressure and high rotary speed zone

榆林流动沙地飞机播种造林试验

本项研究，通过人工模拟及风洞试验，根据当地沙丘移动规律、气候特点、植物生物学特性、种子形态、种子位移和幼苗风蚀沙埋等因素，确定以踏郎、花棒、白沙蒿为主要飞播先锋植物，伴以短期内有经济效益的沙打旺、草木栖，在5月中下旬进行飞播，三年以后可使流动沙地变成半固定沙地。由于正确搭配植物种类，利用萌蘖繁殖特性和天然下种，使植被覆盖面不断扩大，逐步形成相对稳定的固定沙地。这一结果被红石峡人工植被和靖边县沙地踏郎天然植被所证实。其研究的深度和广度，在我国的飞播史上是少有的。4～8年后的保存率达24.2～54.4％，在国内尚无先例。这一研究成果对我国类似流动沙地类型进行飞机播种造林固沙，具有推广价值

榆林流动沙地飞机播种造林试验

本项研究，通过人工模拟及风洞试验，根据当地沙丘移动规律、气候特点、植物生物学特性、种子形态、种子位移和幼苗风蚀沙埋等因素，确定以踏郎、花棒、白沙蒿为主要飞播先锋植物，伴以短期内有经济效益的沙打旺、草木栖，在5月中下旬进行飞播，三年以后可使流动沙地变成半固定沙地。由于正确搭配植物种类，利用萌蘖繁殖特性和天然下种，使植被覆盖面不断扩大，逐步形成相对稳定的固定沙地。这一结果被红石峡人工植被和靖边县沙地踏郎天然植被所证实。其研究的深度和广度，在我国的飞播史上是少有的。4～8年后的保存率达24.2～54.4％，在国内尚无先例。这一研究成果对我国类似流动沙地类型进行飞机播种造林固沙，具有推广价值

艾滋病毒重组抗原及第三代艾滋病毒抗体EIA诊断试剂盒的研制

近年来中国的艾滋病毒(HIV)感染人数以每年30％的速度增长,HIV感染者总数已超过60万人,感染者已从吸毒人员、献血员等高危人群扩展到社会各个阶层,我国已处于艾滋病泛滥前的关键时期。HIV诊断试剂盒是HIV防制工作中最重要的技术工具。用于人群筛检的HIV诊断试剂盒已历经三代,第一代试剂盒主要使用来自细胞培养的HIV病毒的裂解产物作为抗原;第二代产品使用基因工程重组抗原和/或人工合成肽作为抗原,使包被抗原中免疫优势区的比例明显增强,从而提高了试剂的灵敏度,而且标准化生产的相对更纯的抗原的使用使试剂的特异性和重复性均大为提高。前两代试剂均采用间接法原理,即先以抗原包被聚丙乙烯板,再加入待检血清,最后加入酶标记的抗人Ig