Hematološki pokazatelji ovaca tijekom laktacije u ekološkom uzgoju

The aim of this investigation is to determine haematological parameters of ewes during lactation in organic farming. Research was carried out with 32 Merinolandschaf ewes in age of 4 years and in third lactation. Sampling of blood from the same ewes was conducted on 20th, 60th and 100th day of lactation. Feeding was based on feed mixture and meadow hay from organic farming. Haematological parameters (number of leukocyte-WBC, erythrocytes-RBC, and platelet-PLT, as well as content of haemoglobin-HGB, haematocrit-HCT, mean corpuscular volume-MCV, the average haemoglobin content in erythrocytes-MCH and mean haemoglobin concentration in erythrocytes-MCHC) in whole blood of ewes and differential blood test (segmented neutrophils-SEG, band cells-NESEG, lymphocytes-LYM, eosinophils- EOS, monocytes-MON and basophils-BAS) were determined. During the lactation significant decrease of RBC (9.36-8.62×1012 L-1), HGB (92.59-86.25 g L-1) and number of BAS (0.41-0.03%) was determined, while MON (0.53-0.06%) decreased until 60th day of lactation. Significant correlations were determined between most of the haematological parameters in blood of ewes in lactation. Significant positive total correlation was determined between RBC and HGB (0.96), very strong correlation between HCT:HGB, RBC:HCT and MON:MCH (0.82, 0.76 and 0.80), as well as strong negative correlation between MCH:MCHC (-0.63). The abovementioned indicated significant interdependence of the most of haematological parameters in ewes during lactation in organic farming.Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi promjene hematoloških pokazatelja u ovaca tijekom laktacije u ekološkom uzgoju. Istraživanje je provedeno na 32 Merinolandschaf ovce, dobi od 4 godine, u 3. laktaciji. Uzimanje uzoraka krvi provedeno je u istih ovaca 20., 60. i 100. dan laktacije. Ovce su bile hranjene krmnom smjesom i livadnim sijenom ekološkoga podrijetla. Utvrđeni su hematološki pokazatelji (broj leukocita-WBC, broj eritrocita-RBC, broj trombocita-PLT te sadržaj hemoglobina-HGB, hematokrit-HCT, prosječni volumen eritrocita-MCV, prosječni sadržaj hemoglobina u eritrocitima-MCH, prosječna koncentracija hemoglobina u eritrocitima-MCHC) u punoj krvi ovaca te diferencijalna krvna slika (segmentirani neutrofili-SEG, nesegmentirani neutrofili-NESEG, limfociti-LYM, eozinofili-EOZ, monociti-MON i bazofili-BAS). Tijekom laktacije utvrđeno je značajno smanjenje broja RBC-a (9,36-8,62×1012 L-1) i sadržaja HGB-a (92,59-86,25 g L-1) te broja BAS-a (0,41-0,03%), dok se broj MON-a (0,53-0,06%) smanjivao do 60. dana laktacije. Utvrđene su značajne korelacije između većega broja hematoloških pokazatelja u krvi ovaca u laktaciji. Značajno pozitivna i potpuna korelacija utvrđena je između sadržaja RBC-a i HGB-a (0,96), a vrlo jaka pozitivna korelacija između HCT:HGB-a, RBC:HCT-a te MON:MCH-a (0,82, 0,76 i 0,80) i jaka negativna između MCH:MCHC-a (-0,63). Navedeno ukazuje na značajnu međuovisnost većine hematoloških pokazatelja u ovaca tijekom laktacije u ekološkom uzgoju

Comparison of Milk Production Traits by Istrian Pramenka between Conventional and Organic Systems in Slovenia

The aim of the present study was to determine differences of amount and composition of milk between conventional and organic systems in Istrian pramenka breed of sheep. Sum of the data included 838 conventional and 9238 organic samples of ewes´ milk. Each farm is classified as organic from the date of entering in organic production. Before that date farms didn´t show characteristics of organic production, therefore they were classified as conventional. The results of the present study included higher amount of morning (353.10 g) and evening milk (361.39 g) in conventional compared to morning (342.76 g) and evening milk (345.69) in organic system, significantly influenced by number of lactation (P<0.001), breeding system and breeder interaction (P<0.001). Higher content of fat in conventional system was significantly influenced by breeding system (P<0.05), breeding system and breeder interaction (P<0.001), number of lactation (P<0.01) and lactation length (P<0.001). Lower protein content in conventional system was influenced significantly by breeding system and breeder interaction (P<0.001), litter size (P<0.05) and lactation length (P<0.001). Content of lactose was higher in organic system (3.93%) compared to conventional system (3.84%) significantly influenced by breeding system (P<0.01) and number of lactation (P<0.001). According to results, differences between conventional and organic systems are the mostly influenced by breeder in Slovenia

INTRODUCTION OF LACAUNE SHEEP IN CROATIAN SHEEP BREEDING

In the world, there is an increasing demand for sheep milk and breeding of dairy breeds of sheep. The aim of this work is to present the production of sheep milk and the state and perspectives of Lacaune sheep breeding in the Republic of Croatia. In the world, EU countries and even in Croatia, the production of sheep milk is constantly increasing, which is evidenced by the growing interest in sheep milk and the breeding of dairy breeds of sheep, including Lacaune sheep. Lacaune sheep are bred in the Republic of Croatia by 10 farmers (2,254 breeding heads) and the number is constantly increasing. In the control of milk production of Lacaune sheep in the 3rd lactation, an average daily milk production of 2 kg was determined, and a total milk production of 400 kg in a lactation of 197 days, with an average of 6.3% fat and 6.0% protein. The production and chemical composition of Lacaune sheep in the Republic of Croatia is very similar if we compare it with available research throughout Europe. The abovementioned indicated the appropriate feeding and rearing of Lacaune sheep, but also their good adaptability. The perspective of Lacaune breeding in the Republic of Croatia is promising, and an increase in their number is expected. In addition to the improvement of feeding and rearing conditions, a higher production of milk will be achieved and the economy of production will increase

Biofortifikacija krmiva mikroelementima u hranidbi domaćih životinja

Continuous growth of human population, combined with the changes in eating habits, calls for an intensification of agricultural production. However, apart from the increase in food production, its nutritional composition is important as well, particularly in terms of microelements. In diets of over two thirds of the world’s population, there is a lack of more than one microelement. Insufficient concentrations of microelements, which are important for proper growth, development and health of humans and domestic animals, can be eliminated with diverse nutrition, microelement supplementation and by increasing the concentration and bioavailability of microelements in feeds used in animal nutrition, or biofortification. By reviewing the literature, the factors that influence the increase in microelement concentration in fodder crops are presented. Agronomic and genetic approach to biofortification is advocated as an immediate strategy to eliminate the lack of microelements most commonly lacking in diets: iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iodine (I), selenium (Se). The nutrition of animals containing biofortified fodder aims to increase the concentration of the aforementioned microelements in blood and improve their growth, development and health. By increasing the concentrations of microelements in tissues and milk of domestic animals, the ultimate goal is to meet the microelement needs in humans.Neprestanim rastom ljudske populacije i promjenom prehrambenih navika ljudi rastu zahtjevi za intenziviranjem poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Međutim, osim rasta proizvodnje hrane važan je i njen nutritivni sastav, osobito u pogledu mikroelemenata. U hrani dvije trećine svjetske populacije ljudi prisutan je nedostatak više od jednoga mikroelementa. Nedostatak mikroelemenata, koji su važni za pravilan rast i razvoj te zdravlje ljudi i domaćih životinja, može se ukloniti raznovrsnošću hranidbe, dodavanjem mikroelemenata u hranu te povećanjem koncentracije i bioraspoloživosti mikroelemenata u krmivima koja se koriste u hranidbi domaćih životinja, odnosno biofortifikacijom. Pregledom dostupne literature, prikazat će se čimbenici o kojima ovisi povećanje koncentracije mikroelemenata u krmnim kulturama, kao i agronomske te genetske načine biofortifikacije, kojima se nastoji ukloniti nedostatak najčešćih mikroelemenata u hrani: selena, željeza, bakra, cinka i joda. Hranidbom domaćih životinja biofortificiranim krmivima nastoji se povećati koncentracija navedenih mikroelemenata u krvi istih te poboljšati njihov rast, razvoj i zdravlje. Porastom koncentracije mikroelemenata u tkivima i mlijeku domaćih životinja nastoje se zadovoljiti njihove potrebe u ljudi

UTJECAJ DODATKA SELENA U HRANU OVACA I JANJADI NA PROIZVODNA SVOJSTVA I EKSTERIJERNE ODLIKE JANJADI

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of dietary selenium supplementation (organic, inorganic) to high pregnant and lactating ewes on the production performance and exterior characteristics of their lambs. The research included 30 pregnant Merinolandschaf ewes and lambs. The control group of ewes and lambs ration (group I) was composed of 300 g/day/animal feed mixture without the addition of selenium and 150 g/day/animal, barley and alfalfa hay which they had ad libitum. Feed mixture of group II was supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of Selplex®, and the third group with the same amount of Sodium selenite. The average body weight of lambs at the age of 23 days was significantly (P<0.05) bigger in the group given inorganic selenium in comparison to the control group. Addition of inorganic (P<0.01) or organic (P<0.05) selenium led to a significantly better exterior characteristics in lambs at the age of 63 days comparing them with the control group of lambs. A significant by (P<0.05) better indices of body proportions and body mass are evident in younger lambs whose mothers, and they, were fed mixtures with the addition of inorganic selenium. Indexes of anamorphosis, body condition and massiveness were better (P<0.05) in older lambs which had organic form of selenium added to feed mixture. Results of current study suggest that the form of Se source used in this research, has a limited potential for improving the production performance of lambs especially if there was no significant lack of seleniumCilj ovoga istraživanja bio je utvrditi utjecaj dodatka selena (organskog, anorganskog) u krmnu smjesu visoko gravidnih ovaca i ovaca u laktaciji na proizvodna svojstva i eksterijerne odlike njihove janjadi. Istraživanje je provedeno na 30 Merinolandšaf ovaca i janjadi. Obrok kontrolne skupine ovaca i janjadi (skupina I) bio je sastavljen od 300 g/danu/životinji krmne smjese bez dodatka selena te 150 g/danu/životinji ječma i sijena lucerne kojeg su imale ad libitum. U krmnu smjesu II skupine dodano je 0,3 mg/kg Selplexa®, a u treću ista količina natrij selenita. Prosječna tjelesna masa janjadi u dobi od 23 dana bila je značajno (P<0,05) veća u skupini s dodatkom anorganskog selena u odnosu na kontrolnu. Dodatak anorganskog (P<0,01) ili organskog (P<0,05) selena vodi značajno boljim eksterijernim odlikama u janjadi prosječne dobi od 63 dana u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu janjadi. Značajno bolji (P<0,05) indeksi tjelesnih proporcija i tjelesne mase utvrđeni su u mlađe janjadi čije su majke a i oni imali dodatak anorganskog selena u krmnoj smjesi. Indeksi anamorfoznosti, tjelesne kondicije i mišićavosti su značajno (P<0,05) bolji u starije janjadi čije su majke a i oni imali dodatak organskog selena u krmnoj smjesi. Rezultati upućuju da izvor selena u krmnoj smjesi u ovom istraživanju ima ograničavajući potencijal u poboljšanju proizvodnih svojstava janjadi osobito ukoliko prethodno nije prisutan veliki nedostatak, već samo manjak selena

Utjecaj koncentriranih krmiva na proizvodna svojstva, biokemijske pokazatelje i koncentraciju hormona štitne žlijezde dubrovačke rude hranjene voluminoznim krmivima

The research was carried out on 20 Dubrovnik sheep, divided into two groups. During the day, ewes and lambs were out in pasture and in the evening, after returning to the barn, ewes of group I were fed with only hay, and group II, besides hay, received 200 g corn and 100 g wheat bran. Body measurement, assessment of body condition, weighing and blood sampling were carried out in highly pregnant and lactating ewes. The addition of concentrate feed to the ewes´ diets was justified because it improved the ewes´ production traits (higher body weight, lower ewe weight loss per lamb, better body development indices). The significantly higher concentrations of cholesterol, beta-hydroxybutirate and thyroxine hormone in the blood of group II show that metabolic profile indicators may be considered as a good criterion for assessing their nutritional status. The research showed that the genetic potential of Dubrovnik sheep has not been fully exploited so that improved nutrition may significantly improve the ewes´ production traits, which should guarantee the survival of this, the most endangered native Croatian breed of sheep.Istraživanje je provedeno na 20 ovaca pasmine dubrovačka ruda, podijeljenih u dvije skupine. Tijekom dana ovce i janjad boravili su na pašnjaku, a navečer, nakon povratka u staju, ovce prve skupine hranjene su samo sijenom, dok su one druge skupine uz sijeno konzumirale 200 g kukuruza i 100 g pšeničnih posija. Uzimanje tjelesnih mjera i indeksa tjelesne kondicije, vaganje i uzimanje uzoraka krvi provedeni su u visokogravidnih ovaca i ovaca u laktaciji. Dodatak koncentrirane krme u obroke za ovce opravdan je jer poboljšava proizvodne pokazatelje (veća tjelesna masa, manji gubici tjelesne mase ovaca po janjetu, indeksi tjelesne razvijenosti). Znakovito povećanje koncentracije kolesterola, beta-hidroksibutirata i tiroksina u krvi ovaca druge skupine upućuje na to da se pokazatelji metaboličkog profila mogu uzeti u obzir kao dobar kriterij za utvrđivanje hranidbenog statusa. Istraživanje je pokazalo da genetski potencijal dubrovačke rude nije u potpunosti iskorišten i da poboljšanje hranidbe može znatno poboljšati proizvodne pokazatelje ovaca, što je jamstvo opstanka ove najugroženije izvorne hrvatske pasmine ovaca

Influence of goats feeding on the fatty acids content in milk

Brojna istraživanja upozorila su na mogućnost modeliranja sadržaja masnih kiselina mliječne masti u cilju povećanja sadržaja poželjnih n-3 nezasićenih masnih kiselina te smanjenja zasićenih masnih kiselina odgovarajućom hranidbom koza. Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazala su porast sadržaja kapronske (C6:0), kaprilne (C8:0), konjugirane linolne (CLA, rumenske kiseline, cis-9, trans-11 C18:2), linolenske (C18:3), eikozapentaenske (C20:5), dokozaheksaenske (C22:6) te ukupni sadržaj polinezasićenih masnih kiselina (PUFA) u mlijeku koza napasivanih na pašnjacima. U iste je skupine koza utvrđen manji udio palmitoleinske (C16:1), linolne (C18:2), ukupan sadržaj n-6 nezasićenih masnih kiselina te niži n-6/n-3 omjer, u odnosu na skupinu koza držanih u staji i hranjenih sijenom lucerne. U mlijeku koza kojima je u obroke uključen dodatak ulja šafranike značajno je povećan udio CLA, dok je u koza hranjenih obrocima s dodacima lanenoga ulja značajno porastao udio C18:3 u mli¬jeku, u odnosu na skupine koza hranjenih bez dodatka navedenih ulja. Pri hranidbi koza s dodatkom zaštićenoga ribljeg ulja utvrđen je značajan prijenos eikozapentaenske-EPA i dokozaheksaenske-DHA masne kiseline u mlijeko. Zaštićeno riblje ulje smanjilo je negativan utjecaj dugolančanih masnih kise¬lina na aktivnost buražnih mikroorganizama, konzumaciju i probavljivost vlakana te inhibiciju sinteze masnih kiselina u mliječnoj žlijezdi. Pri dodavanju nezaštićenoga ribljeg ulja došlo je do povećanja udjela stearinske (C18:0) i oleinske (C18:1) masne kiseline zbog biohidrogenacije polinezasićenih masnih kiselina u buragu.Numerous studies have demonstrated the possibility of modeling the content of fatty acids of milk fat, in order to increase the contents of desirable n-3 unsaturated fatty acids and decrease saturated fatty acid with adequate nutrition of goats. Previous studies showed that the milk of goats on pasture increased content of caproic (C6:0), caprylic (C8:0), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, rumenic acid, cis-9, trans-11 C18:2), linolenic (C18:3), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6) and total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In the same group of goats lower content of palmitoleic (C16:1), linoleic (C18:2) and total n-6 unsaturated fatty acids was found, as well as lower n-6/n-3 ratio compared with group of goats kept indoors and fed with alfalfa hay. In milk of goats fed with diets supplemented with safflower oil, content of CLA significantly increased, while goats fed with diets supplement with linseed oil had significantly higher content of C18:3 in milk, compared with group of goats fed without addition of these oils. Goats fed with addition of protected fish oil had significant transfer of eicosapentaenoic-EPA and docosahexaenoic-DHA fatty acids in milk. Protected fish oil reduced the negative impact of long chain fatty acids on the activity of ruminal microorganisms, consumption and digestibility of fiber, as well as inhibition of synthesis of fatty acids in milk gland. When adding unprotected fish oil, increase of stearic (C18:0) and oleic (C18:1) fatty acids occurred, because of the biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in rumen

Upotreba konoplje (Cannabis sativa L.) u hranidbi domaćih životinja

The aim of the paper was to research the possibility of using hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in animal nutrition. In animal nutrition, hemp seeds can be used, as well as hempseed cake, and hemp oil as supplement in feed mixtures. Hemp seeds are rich in crude protein and crude fat with adequate proportions of linoleic (LA, C18:2 n-6) and linolenic (ALA, C18:3 n-3) acid. The addition of hemp oil in diets of dairy goats increased milk fat with increasing conjugated fatty acid (CLA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) proportions. When feeding ewes with addition of hemp seeds (180 g/day) or hempseed cake (480 g/day), higher milk fat content was observed with higher proportions of LA, CLA and ALA. Addition of hempseed cake (143 g/ kg DM) in diets of cows increased milk yield, compared to the control group and the group with higher levels of hempseed cake (233 or 318 g/kg DM). Nutrition of laying hens with hemp seeds in diet (10 and 20%) provided enrichment of yolk fat with ALA, and did not negatively influence laying performance. The aforementioned indicated possibility of using hemp in diets of animals without major changes in production, and with possible increase of desirable fatty acids in animal products.Cilj je ovoga rada istražiti mogućnost upotrebe konoplje (Cannabis sativa L.) u hranidbi domaćih životinja. U hranidbi domaćih životinja mogu se koristiti sjemenke, pogača od sjemenki konoplje i ulje konoplje kao dodatak krmnim smjesama. Sjemenke konoplje su bogate sirovim bjelančevinama i sirovim mastima s odgovarajućom koncentracijom nezasićenih masnih kiselina, osobito linolnom (LA, C18:2 n-6) i linolenskom (ALA, C18:3 n-3) kiselinom. Dodatak ulja konoplje u obroke koza u laktaciji povećao je udio masti u mlijeku te je doveo do povećanja koncentracije konjugirane linolne (CLA) kiseline i polinezasićenih masnih kiselina (PUFA). Pri hranidbi ovaca krmnim smjesama s dodatkom sjemenki konoplje (180 g/dan) ili pogače sjemenki konoplje (480 g/dan) utvrđeno je povećanje količine mliječne masti, kao i povećanje koncentracije LA, CLA i ALA. Pogača sjemenki konoplje (143 g/kg ST) u obrocima krava povećala je količinu proizvedenoga mlijeka u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom i skupinom krava koje su konzumirale više razine pogače sjemenki konoplje (233 ili 318 g/kg ST). Hranidba kokoši nesilica pogačom sjemenki konoplje u obrocima (10 i 20%) rezultirala je obogaćivanjem žumanjka ALA-om, pri čemu nije utvrđen negativan utjecaj na pokazatelje nesivosti. Navedeno ukazuje na mogućnost upotrebe konoplje u obrocima domaćih životinja bez većih promjena u proizvodnji, uz mogućnost povećanja poželjnih masnih kiselina u animalnim proizvodima

THE USE OF PUMPKIN IN ANIMAL NUTRITION

Cilj ovoga rada bio je iz dostupne znanstvene literature istražiti mogućnost upotrebe bundeve (Cucurbita pepo L.) u hranidbi domaćih životinja. Bundeva je vrlo kvalitetno krmivo, s obzirom na visoku ukupnu probavljivu organsku tvar i metaboličku energiju. Bundeva se ne tretira pesticidima, zbog čega je pogodna za hranidbu domaćih životinja i u ekološkoj proizvodnji. U hranidbi domaćih životinja koriste se sjemenke bundeve, pogača sjemenki bundeve, pulpa, ulje i kora bundeve. Pogača sjemenki bundeve vrlo je ukusna preživačima te poboljšava ješnost krmnih smjesa. Sjemenke, kao i pogača sjemenki bundeve, bogate su sirovim bjelančevinama i sirovim mastima s povoljnom koncentracijom nezasićenih masnih kiselina, osobito oleinske (C18:1 n-9) i linolne (C18:2 n-6). Pogača sjemenki bundeve sadrži višu metaboličku energiju i veći sadržaj sirovih bjelančevina u odnosu na sačmu soje. U istraživanjima s brojlerima utvrđeno je smanjenje koncentracije ukupnog kolesterola i triglicerida u krvi te smanjenje uginuća prilikom hranidbe brojlera obrocima s dodatkom ulja bundeve od 5 g/kg suhe tvari obroka, pri čemu nisu utvrđene promjene proizvodnih svojstava. Dodatak mljevenih sjemenki bundeve u obrocima kokoši nesilica smanjio je koncentraciju ukupnog kolesterola u jajetu i žumanjku u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu. Uz navedeno, mljevene sjemenke bundeve povećale su koncentraciju C18:1 n-9, C18:2 n-6 i α-linolenske (C18:3 n-3) kiseline uz smanjenje omjera n-6/n-3 u žumanjku. Pogača sjemenki bundeve u obrocima janjadi može djelomično (10 i 15%) zamijeniti sačmu soje, bez značajnijih promjena proizvodnih svojstava janjadi u ekološkom uzgoju. Bundeva je prihvatljivo krmivo čija je upotreba u hranidbi domaćih životinja opravdana s obzirom na visoki sadržaj bjelančevina i povoljnih masnih kiselina.The aim of the present paper was to research from available scientific literature possibility of using pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) in animal nutrition. Pumpkin is a good quality feedstuff considering high total digestible organic matter and metabolizable energy. Pumpkin is not treated with pesticides, that is why it is suitable for animal nutrition in organic production as well. In animal nutrition pumpkin seeds can be used, as well as pumpkin seed cake, pulp, oil and peel of pumpkin. Pumpkin seed cake is very tasty to ruminants and improves palatability of feed mixtures. Seeds, as well as pumpkin seed cake, are rich in crude protein and crude fat with adequate concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic (C18:1 n-9) and linoleic (C18:2 n-6). Pumpkin seed cake contains higher metabolizable energy and higher crude proteins content compared to soybean meal. In reasearch with broilers lower concentration of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood was determined, as well as lower mortality influenced by feeding broilers with 5 g/kg dry matter of diet, while no changes were determined in production traits. Addition of pumpkin seed meal in diets of laying hens decreased concentration of total cholesterol in egg and yolk compared to control group. Besides, pumpkin seed meal increased concentrations of C18:1 n-9, C18:2 n-6 and α-linolenic (C18:3 n-3) acids with decrease of n-6/n-3 ratio in yolk. Pumpkin seed cake in lambs’ diets can partially (10 and 15%) substitute soybean meal, without significant changes of production traits of lambs in organic farming. Pumpkin is acceptable feedstuff and its use in animal nutrition is applicable considering high crude proteins content and beneficial fatty acids

Use of tomato by-products in domestic animal nutrition

U procesu prerade rajčice nastaju različiti nusproizvodi i to: komina, pulpa, pokožica, sjemenke, ali i neiskorišteni dijelovi ploda koje treba zbrinuti u cilju smanjenja štetnih učinaka na okoliš. Komina rajčice je najzastupljeniji nusproizvod koji nastaje pri preradi rajčice. Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati mogućnosti upotrebe nusproizvoda rajčice u hranidbi domaćih životinja podijeljenih prema građi probavnog sustava s posebnim osvrtom na novije znanstvene spoznaje te predložiti njihove optimalne razine korištenja. Nusproizvodi rajčice imaju značajan udio vode i ugljikohidrata, manju količinu bjelančevina i lipida, a bogati su bioaktivnim spojevima prije svega onima iz skupine karotenoida, osobito likopenom. Učinkovitost upotrebe nusproizvoda rajčice ovisi o građi probavnog sustava domaćih životinja, dobi i proizvodnoj fazi životinja te kompoziciji obroka i formi ponuđenog nusproizvoda. Analizom dostupne literature o upotrebi nusproizvoda rajčice u hranidbi domaćih životinja može se zaključiti da je u cilju postizanja povoljnih proizvodnih i fizioloških učinaka te sprječavanja njihovog negativnog djelovanja za preporučiti kod nepreživača do 10 ili maksimalno 15 % obroka, a kod preživača i više od 20 %.In the tomato processing, various by-products are produced: pomace, pulp, skin, seeds, but also unused parts of the fruit which should be disposed of in order to reduce the harmful effects on the environment. Tomato pomace is the most abundant by-product produced during tomato processing. The aim of this paper is to show the possibilities of using tomato by-products in the feeding of domestic animals, divided according to the structure of the digestive system, with special reference to recent scientific knowledge, and to propose their optimal levels of use. Tomato by-products have a significant proportion of water and carbohydrates, a smaller amount of proteins and lipids, and are rich in bioactive compounds, primarily those from the group of carotenoids, especially lycopene. The efficiency of using tomato by-products depends on the structure of the digestive system of domestic animals, the age and production stage of the animals, as well as the composition of the diet and the form of offered by-product. Analyzing the available literature on the use of tomato by-products in the feeding of domestic animals, it can be concluded that in order to achieve favorable production and physiological effects and to prevent their negative effects, for non-ruminants up to 10 or a maximum 15% of the diet is recommended, and for ruminants more than 20%