BENEFICIATION OF A COPPER CONTAINING IRON ORE BY USING MAGNETIC SEPARATION AND FLOTATION

Bu çalışmada yüksek oranda bakır içeren bir demir cevherinin farklı yöntemlerin bir aradakullanılması ile zenginleştirilebilirliği araştırılmıştır. Söz konusu cevherin içerisindeki bakır vedemir minerallerinin her ikisi de ekonomik olarak önem taşımaktadır. Numuneler üzerindeyapılan çalışmalar sonucu, 63 mikron altına öğütme ve düşük akı yoğunluklu tambur tipi yaşmanyetik ayırıcıların kullanılması ile doğrudan redüksiyon peletlik konsantre özelliklerinde %69,5 Fe içeren bir demir konsantresinin üretiminin teknik açıdan mümkün olduğu sonucunavarılmıştır. Manyetik ayırma işlemiyle üretilen demir konsantresi içerisindeki Cu ve Selementlerinin tenörleri kabul edilebilir sınırların altına çekilebilmiştir. Konsantre ağırlık verimi% 65, Fe verimi ise % 91 civarında gerçekleşmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar manyetik ayırıcıartıklarına uygulanacak flotasyon işlemi sonucunda % 23 civarında bakır içeren birkonsantrenin % 80 civarı verim değerleri ile üretilebilmesinin mümkün olduğunu göstermiştir. In this study, beneficiation of a high amount of copper containing iron ore by using acombination of different concentration methods was investigated. The ore sample containscopper and iron minerals which are both important in economic terms. The results of theexperimental studies including magnetic separation after grinding the ore below 63 micronparticle size showed that it is technically possible to obtain an iron concentrate containing69,5% Fe which is suitable for using in the production of direct reduction pellets. Cu and Sgrades of the iron concentrate reduced below the critical concentrations by the application ofmagnetic separation. The yield and recovery values of the iron concentrate was found to be asabout 65% and 91% respectively. The experimental work has implied that it is likely to obtaina copper concentrate assaying about 25% Cu with about 80% recovery by the application offlotation to the tailings of magnetic separation process

Kamu Yöneticilerinin Siyasal Ve Yönetsel Ahlaki Davraniş Tipleri

Çalışmada siyasal-yönetsel ahlak ve siyasal-yönetsel yozlaşma kavramları incelenmiştir. Siyasi ve yönetsel yozlaşamaya sebep olan ahlaki tavırları açıklayabilmek için bireyin ahlak gelişimini anlatan teoriler üzerinde durulmuştur. Günümüz Türkiye’sindeki siyasi ve yönetsel yozlaşmalar sadece bugüne ait olmayıp geçmişten günümüze miras olarak gelmişlerdir. Bu durumun nedeni de ülkenin geçirmiş olduğu siyasi kültürel ve ekonomik değişimler olarak açıklanabilir

An Overview of Clean Coal Technologies I: Pre-combustion and Post-combustion Emission Control

This article is the first part of a study dealing with current and prospective clean coal technologies. For this purpose, the importance of coal utilization in electricity production and the importance of clean coal technologies (CCTs) for the minimization of the environmental impacts of coal-fired power generation are discussed as an introduction to the subject. The article includes an extensive presentation about the source and formation mechanisms of the major pollutants and their control strategies

Gold recovery by KC from grinding circuit of Bergama CIP plant

Numerous research studies have been done to improve the gold recovery methods and to find alternative processing techniques in the last decade. The main goal in this search has become to design an efficient plant employing environmentally acceptable processes today For this purpose, the application of environmentally friendly no chemical included techniques like centrifugal gravity separators are preferably used in gold recovery plants prior to or in place of cyanidation. In this study, the recovery of the gold particles accumulated in the grinding circuit of a CIP plant was investigated by using Knelson centrifugal separator A KC-MD 7.5 Knelson concentrator was installed in the grinding circuit of Bergama/Ovacik CIP plant. The concentrator was operated while the Mastra gold ore cyanidation tests were running on the plant

Grinding of magnetite using a waterjet driven cavitation cell

This paper presents the results of an experimental study investigating the effect of stand-off distance, inlet pressure, exposure time and feed particle size on grinding of magnetite using waterjet technology. A unique experimental set-up consisting of a conventional abrasive cutting head coupled with a cavitation chamber was employed for this purpose. The results of grinding tests were evaluated based on Rosin-Rammler parameters of the products and specific energy consumption (SEC) values for generation of particles below 25 pm. A three-level experimental design for two independent variables with three center points was used to examine the effects of inlet pressure (69 MPa, 138 MPa and 207 MPa) and anvil stand-off distance (3 mm, 50 mm, 97 mm) using a feed material below 600 mu m particle size. The results showed that the anvil stand-off distance and pressure intensity are important factors for size reduction of magnetite particles. However, the effect of inlet pressure on size parameter was found higher than the stand-off distance. SEC values were found very similar for all pressure intensities tested at 3 and 50 mm anvil stand-off distance. The largest size parameter and highest SEC value were obtained using 69 MPa inlet pressure and 97 mm anvil stand-off distance. Stepwise closed circuit grinding tests were also performed operating the experimental set-up at 3 mm anvil stand-off distance and 138 MPa pressure. The size parameter of the ground products and the SEC values were found very similar after 50 s of waterjet exposure time. The feed material used in aforementioned tests was wet screened to produce mono-size fractions using a root 2 sieve series. The fractions were subjected to waterjet grinding at 3 mm anvil stand-off distance and 138 MPa inlet pressure. The largest size parameter and SEC value was obtained when the coarsest fraction (600-425 mu m) was used as feed material in these tests. The 600-425 mu m mono-size fraction has also been subjected to waterjet grinding to determine the prevailing size reduction mechanism using 3 mm stand-off distance at different pressure values. Most of the particles detected in the SEM image of the lowest inlet pressure product (69 MPa) were identified as coarse and blocky particles with sharp edges. It was found that the number of blocky particles diminished by increasing inlet pressure indicating the impact breakage conditions. It was found that the destructive breakage conditions have become prominent by increasing pressure. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved