Siirt İlinin Farklı Bölgelerinde Yayılış Gösteren Crocus biflorus Mill. subsp. pseudonubigena B.Mathew Türüne Ait Örnekler Arasındaki Akrabalık İlişkisinin Moleküler Düzeyde Belirlenmesi

Crocus biflorus Mill. subsp. pseudonubigena B. Mathew (Siirt Çiğdemi) İran-Turan elementi olup ismini Siirt ilinden almış endemik bir taksondur. Yayılış coğrafyasına bakıldığında Yukarı Fırat Bölümü, Adana Bölümü, Dicle Bölümü gibi üç değişik alanda yayılışı bulunmaktadır. İlk olarak 1982 yılında Mathew tarafından bilim dünyasına kazandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Crocus biflorus subsp. pseudonubigena taksonunun Siirt il sınırları içerisinde üç farklı (Tillo, Şirvan ve Veysel Karani) popülasyondan toplanan örneklerinin ITS gen bölgesi kullanarak akrabalık ilişkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Tillo, Şirvan ve Veysel Karani bölgelerinden toplanan örneklerin morfolojik olarak küçük farklarının olduğu ancak moleküler düzeyde yakın akraba oldukları ve bu morfolojik farklılıklarının varyasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu genotiplerin en fazla Crocus biflorus ile benzerlik gösterdiği saptanmıştır

A systematic study of the Thlaspi s.l. taxa in sections Nomisma, Thlaspi and Pterotropis from Turkey based on fruit morphological and molecular data

The classification of Thlaspi s.l. is still problematic. Earlier phylogenetic research of the genus has focused on several small groups within Thlaspi s.str. and lacks detailed morphological observations. The relationships among Eurasian taxa and the value of fruit morphology in defining them have yet to be studied. The aim of this study was to analyze 22 taxa belonging to the Nomisma, Thlaspi and Pterotropis sections of Thlaspi s.l. from Turkey using maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of Internal Transcript Spacer (ITS) sequences. We also analyzed their fruit morphological features. According to the results, the examined taxa fell into 2 main clades. Moreover, clade II showed 3 sub-clusters. Thlaspi huetii and T. aghricum were the most distant taxa with a distance of 0.49%; however, T. ochroleucum and T. violascens were found to be 99% similar. According to ITS region data based on multiple populations of each taxon, T. arvense, T. huetii, T. perfoliatum, T. violascens, T. cataonicum, T. elegans, T. rosulare and T. aghricum were placed together in one cluster, which indicates that they are monophyletic. Thlaspi elegans was found to be a polyploid complex based on bootstrap (BS) (a resampling technique that uses replacement sampling to estimate statistics in a population) values, which varied widely among the studied T. elegans taxa (98, 65 and 49%). Fruit morphology also supported the inter-specific relationships based on molecular data, and relationships found by ITS region data were compatible with fruit type and geographic distribution. A diagnostic key based on fruit morphology is provided for the identification of the examined Thlaspi taxa

Antioxidant capacity and phylogenetic analysis of twenty native grape cultivars in Siirt province, Turkey

The quality of grape cultivars not only depends on the grape cultivar but also is influenced by the molecular concepts and agro-climatic factors. For this purpose, four different grape cultivars were collected from five different locations in Siirt province (Turkey). Totally twenty different grape cultivars were investigated. In the present study, the antioxidant activity (total phenolic, flavonoid, proanthocyanidin content, DPPH and FRAP activity) in seeds were indicated and phylogenetic analysis (cpDNA;trnL-F region) of twenty native grape cultivars were investigated to construct their phylogenetic tree. According to reported data on antioxidant activity and content of phytochemicals, all cultivars exhibited different values from each other, but Rutik and Gadüv cultivars were found as significantly higher in comparison to others. According to bioinformatics analysis, twenty grape cultivars were distributed into six different major groups. Rutik and Sevkeye cultivars exhibit significant distinction from other grape cultivars. The phylogenetic analysis was also associated and supported with the results of obtained data from bioactivity. The bioactivity and phylogenetic analysis were firstly identified and quantified in these grape cultivars, however, with regard to obtained data from the current study, the grape cultivars grown in Siirt province were indicated significant and valuable results and as a result, these cultivars have to be evaluated before extinction

Fresenius Environmental Bulletin

In this study, a field study was carried out to determine the effect of different irrigation water amounts on dry matter efficiency and silage quality features of species of corn for silage P32K61, P31Y43, P30B74 and the relationship of water and dry matter, as well as the threshold value of the dry substance to be used in silage quality estimation by leveraging such relationship. The study was planned as three repeats in a trial pattern of divided parcels in randomized blocks. Irrigation program was established by reapplication of 100% (I100), 70% (I70), 35% (I35) of the water consumed every 7 days with the drip irrigation method. Thus, the irrigation consists of 1 full and 2 different deficit irrigation. In the study, irrigation water amount applied to I100,I70 and I35 of types P32K61, P31Y43 and P30B74 was 637-653-666; 491-495-509; 342-363-371 mm, respectively, seasonal plant water consumption values were 705-714-738; 559-554-583mm, dry matter efficiency values ranged from 24.38-24.29- 32.36, 23.26-23.33-25.5, and 12.8-14.46-14.13 t ha- 1 . Linear relations were determined between dry matter (DM) efficiency of the species and irrigation water (I) as DM=20.57I+6369(r2=0.997**), DM=30.95I+4340(r2=0.999**),Y=36.14I+5826 (r2=0.998**);and between dry matter-plant water consumption (ETa) values as Y=26.02ETa+832.1(r2=0.969**),Y=36.55ETa- 22.83 (r2=0.995**), Y=42.75ETa-1949 (r2=0.997**). The highest and lowest protein amounts by irrigation were 8.67% in the interaction of I100 irrigation and P32K61 species and 6.14% in the interaction of I35 irrigation and P31Y43 species, respectively; digestible dry matter ratio was 70% in the interaction of I100 irrigation and P30B74 species and 60% the interaction of I35 irrigation and P31Y43,respectively. No statistically significant relation between the ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) and NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) values was found. The highest water consumption efficiency was 4.38 kg/da-mm in I100 irrigation and 3.37 kg/damm in I35 irrigation. In addition, thecorrelation coefficient between ET, dry matter and protein amount was r 2 :0.81** and r 2 :0.80**, and a statistically significant positive relationship was observed (p<0.01) between ETa, dry matter and protein amount. As a result of statistical and economic analyses, threshold dry matter efficiency value on which the silage quality starts to drop was determined at 25.5 t ha-1 in I70 irrigation

Siirt İlinde Yetiştirilen Bazı Üzüm ÇeşitlerininTanımlanması ve Kalite Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmada,Siirt ilinde yetiştirilen üzüm çeşitlerinin belirlenmesi ve tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır. Siirt merkez, Eruh, Pervari, Şirvan, Kurtalan ve Tillo (Aydınlar) ilçelerinde yetiştirilen 20 farklı üzüm çeşidinin morfolojiközellikleri ile pH, suda çözünebilirkuru madde (SÇKM) miktarı,klorofil ve karotenoid değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca üzüm çeşitlerine aitçekirdeklerinmorfolojik farklılıklarının tanımlanmasında bilgisayar tanımlama programından yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre;Şirvan ve Pervari bölgesi üzümlerinin genel olarak diğer bölgelere göre yüksek pH ve kuru madde miktarlarına sahip oldukları,ancak Eruh ve Siirt Merkez bölgesindeyetişen çeşitlerde asitliğin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. SÇKM değerlerininise%12-24 (Kıtılnefs-Mevazer) arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Gadüv, Karrot ve Heseni çeşitlerinin klorofil ve karotenoid değerlerinin diğer üzüm çeşitlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Üzüm çekirdeklerindeki morfolojik farklılıkların tanımlanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bilgisayar tabanlı tanımlama işleminde,en yüksek başarı oranı “Lojistik Model Tree” (LMT)(% 91.66)modelinden elde edilmiştir