Developing an Interpreting Competence Scale (ICS) and evaluating the interpreting competence of prospective interpreters and professionals in Turkey

Even though the translation activity is as old as humankind's history, academic translation teaching started towards the end of the 20th century. The demand for interpreting has also increased with international relations, migration, asylum, and two world wars. The need to train interpreters has emerged in this field, similar to written translation. Accordingly, what kind of knowledge, behavior, skills, and perspectives must be gained by individuals who want to be interpreters has been researched by translation scholars. The concept of interpreting competence has also emerged in interpreting studies. Different studies regarding this concept have been performed, and an attempt has been made to create interpreting competence models, especially by the German scholars. This study basically intends to develop an interpreting competence scale by investigating the opinions of prospective interpreters and professionals regarding interpreting competence. Accordingly, a literature review was carried out in this area, and the developed interpreting competence scale was implemented. Through this developed scale, the situation of the interpreting market in Turkey in terms of the professionals and prospective students who have interpreting training at different universities were compared. In the study, it was concluded that the scale is valid and reliable (having four sub-dimensional and 22 items). In interpreting, a significant difference is available in favor of male participants in linguistic-cultural competence, and besides, the effect is positive. In addition, there is a significant difference in favor of those desiring to work in the interpreting market in the interpreting process management. Furthermore, it can be said that there is a significant difference in favor of participants considering interpreting their primary profession in interpreting process management. A significant difference is present in favor of those living in a country where a foreign language they know has been spoken for more than three months, and the effect can be positivemedium. For correlation values, participants' interpreting competence has a low significant relationship with sex and the status of living in a foreign country. In contrast, the relationship between age and students' grades can be either medium or positive. The study also found out a high and positive significant relationship between the desire to work in the interpreting market and considering interpreting the primary profession. Finally, those who want to specialize in interpreting must have a high level of dedication to the profession because interpreting is a practice-based process requiring intensive effort in a cognitive, intellectual, and affective sense

Pairing in charged-neutral fermion mixtures under an artificial magnetic field

Ankara : The Department of Physics and the Graduate of School of Engineering and Science of Bilkent University, 2012.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2012.Includes bibliographical references leaves 35-38.Bose-Einstein condensations (BEC), pairing behaviour, vortex formations in superconductivity and superfluidity are just a few examples of fascinating features of ultracold gases. In this thesis, we study charged-neutral cold atom mixtures which are obtained by placing a neutral mixture under an artificial magnetic field coupling only one of the components. We begin with two distinguishable (charged-neutral) particles on a ring trap. Charged particle gains angular momentum due to a magnetic field along the axis of the ring and we see that there is a big angular momentum transfer to neutral particle in orders of ¯h. This work is set forth to guide us in the many body problem of vortex transformation in charged-neutral superfluid mixtures. In the main part of the thesis, we examine charged-neutral fermion mixtures. Thanks to artificial magnetic fields, Cooper pairs whose only one component coupling to magnetic field can be created now. We calculate the gap equation for this system and solve for the critical temperature. We show that critical temperature decreases for the increasing magnetic field.Ünal, Fatma NurM.S

Awareness and Attitudes of Patients on Enlightened Consent

Aydınlatılmış onam genellikle, belirli bir tedavinin yapılıp yapılmayacağına veya belirli bir tıbbi çalışmaya katılıp katılmayacağına karar vermek için bir hasta veya deneysel bir bireyle ilgili olan açık bilgi iletişiminin sağlandığı süreç olarak kabul edilir. Hastayı hastalığı ile ilgili bilgilendirmek hekim ile hasta arasında güven duygusunu geliştirir, hastanın refahını artırır. Bu da hastanın kararına saygı duyulduğunu, hastanın özgürce karar alabildiğini göstermesi açısından ahlaki bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; hastaların aydınlatılmış onam hakkında farkındalık düzeylerini ve aydınlatılmış onamı nasıl tanımladıklarını araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Erzurum ilinde yaşayan 400 birey üzerinde anket çalışması yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, Bostan tarafından geliştirilen Aydınlatılmış Onam Tutum ve Farkındalık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizi frekans ve fark analizleri yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre; katılımcıların deneyim faktörü içerisindeki sorulara verdikleri yanıtlarda cinsiyet değişkeni grupları arasında, hastane ziyaret sayısı değişkeni grupları arasında, meslek değişkeni grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların farkındalık faktörü içerisindeki sorulara verdikleri yanıtlarda yaş değişkeni grupları arasında, eğitim düzeyi değişkeni grupları arasında, gelir düzeyi değişkeni grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; katılımcıların, farkındalık düzeyleri yüksek derecede olmasına rağmen hastane ve sağlık kuruluşlarında bu haklarını kullanmak konusunda yeterince imkân bulamadıkları söylenebilir.Enlightened consent is generally regarded as the process by which open information communication is available to a patient or an experimental individual to decide whether a particular treatment should be performed or to participate in a particular experiment. Informing the patient about the disease, the physician develops a sense of trust among the patient and increases the well-being of the patient. This is of moral importance in terms of showing that the patient's decision is respected and that the patient can make a decision freely. The aim of this study; The aim of this study is to investigate the awareness levels of patients about enlıghtened consent and how they define enlıghtened consent. For this purpose, 400 individuals living in Erzurum were surveyed. In the study, Enlightened Consent Attitude and Awareness Scale developed by Bostan was used. The quantitative data were analyzed by frequency and difference analysis. According to the findings of the research; A significant difference was found between the groups of gender variable, the number of hospital visits variable groups, and the profession variable groups. It was found that there was a significant difference between age variable groups, education level variable groups, income level variable groups in the answers given to the questions within the awareness factor. According to the results of the research; Although the awareness level of the participants is high, it can be said that they do not have enough opportunities to use these rights in hospitals and health institutions

In Vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Some Covid-19 Drugs on Lung Cancer Cells

DergiPark: 901480trkjnatCancer, which is the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases, is one of the most important health problems of today. Discovery of effective treatments and drugs are important in cancer treatment. The COVID-19 epidemic, which broke out in Wuhan province of China in December 2019 and is considered as a pandemic worldwide, affected millions of people. The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes this epidemic, affects the lungs, heart, brain, kidneys, gastrointestinal system, ovaries and testicles and various drugs are used in the treatment. In this study, we aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of favipiravir, dornase alfa and ivermectin, which are drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19, on human lung cancer cell line (A549). Favipiravir, dornase alfa and ivermectin concentrations were prepared in doubly increasing doses (0.5-64 µg/mL). The prepared concentrations were tested on human A549 cells. After 24 hours of incubation, the cytotoxic effects of the drugs on cancer cells were detected by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. The results were given as % viability. It was determined that favipiravir, dornase alfa and ivermectin significantly decreased the cell viability in lung cancer cell line with increasing application doses (p lt;0.05). Kalp damar hastalıklarından sonra ikinci ölüm nedeni olan kanser, günümüzün en önemli sağlık sorunlarından biridir. Etkili tedavilerin ve yeni ilaçların keşfedilmesi kanser tedavisinde önem arz etmektedir. Aralık 2019'da Çin'in Wuhan eyaletinde patlak veren ve dünya çapında bir salgın olarak kabul edilen COVID-19 salgını milyonlarca insanı etkilemektedir. Bu salgına neden olan SARS-CoV-2 virüsü başta akciğerleri olmak üzere kalbi, beyni, böbrekleri, gastrointestinal sistemi, yumurtalık ve testisleri etkilemekte ve tedavisinde çeşitli ilaçlar kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçlar olan favipiravir, dornaz alfa ve ivermektinin insan akciğer kanseri hücre hattı (A549) üzerindeki sitotoksik etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada favipiravir, dornaz alfa ve ivermektin ilaçlarının konsantrasyonları iki kat artan dozlarda (0,5-64 µg/mL) hazırlandı. Hazırlanan konsantrasyonlar, insan A549 hücreleri üzerine uygulandı. 24 saatlik inkübasyondan sonra, ilaçların hücre hatları üzerindeki sitotoksik etkileri, MTT (3-(4,5-dimetiltiyazol-2-il)-difenil tetrazolyum bromür) yöntemi ile tespit edildi. Sonuçlar % canlılık olarak verildi. Artan doza bağlı olarak favipiravir, dornaz alfa ve ivermektinin akciğer kanseri hücre dizisinde hücre canlılığını önemli ölçüde azalttığı belirlendi (p lt;0.05)

Deaths from Motorcycle Accidents: An Autopsy Study from Turkey

Motorcyclists and pillion passengers in road traffic accidents have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality because of lack of adequate safety systems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the injuries sustained by motorcycle riders and pillion passengers in fatal motorcycle accidents. A total of 56 cases autopsied in the Istanbul Morgue Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine were included in this study. The majority of the cases were young males. Fifty (89.3%) cases were riders and six (10.7%) were pillion passengers. The vast majority (78.6%) of the cases died at the scene or on the same day in hospital. Most of the cases had multiple traumas, and the most common trauma was head trauma (n = 45). The most common injury was intracranial hemorrhage (n = 40). Fifteen (26.8%) cases tested positive for drug and/or alcohol intake. These autopsy findings can be helpful for medicolegal examinations to diagnose possible injuries and also for the automotive industry to improve better protective safety devices for motorcycle riders

Gender and Perception of Profession

There are negative impacts of gender stereotypes particularly on the education of girls and women. The purpose of this study is to examine pre-service teachers’ profession perceptions within the context of gender using word association test technique and to identify the definition of the concept of “profession” depending on sex. This study is designed as a qualitative research and involves 250 pre-service teachers. In analysing the data, descriptive analysis method is used. Findings are presented in frequency tables and concept networks. The results show that the first profession pre-service teachers mention in their sentences about the concepts of “women and profession” is “teacher”, whereas it is “worker” for the concept of “men and profession”. In the light of the findings, suggestions are made to overcome gender stereotypes and to help individuals to become aware of the acts and talks that reproduce gender inequality

BIST Seramik Sanayi Firmalarının Finansal Performanslarının AHP ve GRA Yöntemleriyle Ölçülmesi Measuring the Financial Performance of BIST Ceramic Industry Firms via AHP and GRA

Bu çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören seramik sanayi firmalarının finansal performanslarının AHP ve GRA yöntemleri yardımıyla analiz edilmesi ve sonuçların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla işletmelerin 2010-2015 yıllarını kapsayan 6 yıllık döneme ait likidite, faaliyet etkinliği, mali yapı ve kârlılık oranları hesaplanmıştır. Bu hesaplanan oranlar yardımıyla firmaların performansları hem AHP hem GRA ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen analiz bulgularına göre performans sıralamasında ilk sırada “Ege Seramik” gelirken, ikinci sırada “Kütahya Porselen”, son sırada ise “Uşak Seramik” yer almıştır. The main goal of this study is to analyze and compare the financial performance of BIST ceramic industry firms via AHP and GRA. The sample covers a six-year period between 2010 and 2015. For the purpose, selected financial ratios of liquidity, asset management, financial structure and proficiency are used. According to the results of both GRA and AHP, ‘‘Ege Seramik’’ appears to be the best performing firm. Following it, ‘‘Kütahya Porselen’’ comes in the second rank whereas ‘‘Uşak Seramik’’ stands at the end of the lis

The diagnostic values of ischemia-modified albumin in patients with acute abdominal pain and its role in differentiating acute abdomen

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain and its use in differentiating acute surgical abdomen. Methods. This single-center prospective cross-sectional study included 334 adult patients who presented to the emergency department. These consisted of 194 patients (Group 1) with nontraumatic abdominal pain commencing in the preceding week, who were definitely diagnosed and either hospitalized in a specific department or planned for discharge, and a control group of 140 patients (Group 2). Results. The mean IMA value of the patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis was statistically significantly higher than that of the control group. The mean IMA value of the patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis, ovarian pathologies, and gastritis-peptic ulcer was statistically significantly higher than that of the nonspecific abdominal pain group. Conclusion. Serum IMA levels can be used as a diagnostic marker in patients with acute appendicitis. Furthermore, serum IMA levels in patients presenting to the emergency department with abdominal pain may be indicative of patients requiring surgery or of complicated cases, particularly in terms of acute appendicitis and ovarian pathologies