Documentaries as Cultural Diplomacy: TRT Documentary's Discourses on Hagia Sophia

In this study, the contribution of the discourses of cultural documentaries, which are used as an international image and reputation management tool, to cultural diplomacy is discussed. The research discussed the Mysterious documentary History: Hagia Sophia, which was selected by random sampling method among the shares of TRT Documentary Youtube channel, in terms of the cultural documentary. The study is essential in determining the discourses of TRT Documentary, which contributes to cultural documentarian towards cultural diplomacy. In addition, the study is essential in that it is the first study to analyze the documentaries on Hagia Sophia that contribute to cultural diplomacy and contributes to the literature in this respect. The Hagia Sophia documentary was analyzed in the Maxqda program using Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis and content analysis method. The findings obtained in this context are as follows: In the documentary Hagia Sophia, the discourse has been developed over the temple's history, its architectural features, and the mysteries it contains. These discourses are rhetorically strengthened using techniques of arousing curiosity and presenting scientific evidence. The documentary contributes to cultural diplomacy by examining the architectural features, history, and mysteries of Hagia Sophia with religious, artistic, and scientific methods. The scientific techniques used in this cultural documentary, which contributes to cultural diplomacy, contribute to the international image and reputation

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The Bibliometric Analysis of the Studies Presented at the Turkish National Otorhinolaryngology Congresses in the Period 2009-2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the abstracts presented at Turkish National Otorhinolaryngology Congresses in the years from 2009 to 2018.Methods: Abstracts were defined and grouped according to their field of study, design, level of evidence, number of authors, the main institution in which they were held, and whether they were uni- or multi-centric. Frequency and percentage tables were prepared.Results: In total, 5,463 studies, of which 1,431 (26.2%) were oral presentations and 4,032 (73.8%) were poster presentations were reviewed. The highest number of studies was in the field of otology and in the form of oral presentations (32%), and in the field of head and neck surgery in the form of poster presentations (37%). Fifty-seven percent of all studies were conducted in university hospitals, and 34% in Training and Research Hospitals. Eighty-three percent of oral presentations and 99% of poster presentations were clinical studies. The rate of experimental animal studies was 16% in oral presentations. The most commonly used design of orally presented clinical studies was descriptive (31%), whereas prospective randomized controlled design was the least common (3%). No study with a level 1 of evidence was found. The rate of oral papers presented with evidence levels 2, 3, 4, and 5 among all oral presentations were 22%, 13%, 11%, and 54%, respectively.Conclusion: The findings indicated that the abstracts were satisfactory in quantity, but overall scientific quality was not sufficient. The data obtained may serve as a basis for future studies, and follow-up studies may guide individuals and institutions that steer the Turkish ENT community

Antithrombotic effect of epigallocatechin gallate on the patency of arterial microvascular anastomoses

Background Microvascular anastomosis patency is adversely affected by local and systemic factors. Impaired intimal recovery and endothelial mechanisms promoting thrombus formation at the anastomotic site are common etiological factors of reduced anastomosis patency. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a catechin derivative belonging to the flavonoid subgroup and is present in green tea (Camellia sinensis). This study investigated the effects of EGCG on the structure of vessel tips used in microvascular anastomoses and evaluated its effects on thrombus formation at an anastomotic site. Methods Thirty-six adult male Wistar albino rats were used in the study. The right femoral artery was cut and reanastomosed. The rats were divided into two groups (18 per group) and were systemically administered either EGCG or saline. Each group were then subdivided into three groups, each with six rats. Axial histological sections were taken from segments 1 cm proximal and 1 cm distal to the microvascular anastomosis site on days 5, 10, and 14. Results Thrombus formation was significantly different between the EGCG and control groups on day 5 (P=0.015) but not on days 10 or 14. The mean luminal diameter was significantly greater in the EGCG group on days 5 (P=0.002), 10 (P=0.026), and 14 (P=0.002). Intimal thickening was significantly higher on days 5 (P=0.041) and 10 (P=0.02). Conclusions EGCG showed vasodilatory effects and led to reduced early thrombus formation after microvascular repair. Similar studies on venous anastomoses and random or axial pedunculated skin flaps would also contribute valuable findings relevant to this topic