Ofset baskı mürekkeplerine yapılan fiziksel testlerin uygulamalı incelenmesi

ÖZETOFSET BASKI MÜREKKEPLERİNE YAPILAN FİZİKSEL TESTLERİN UYGULAMALI İNCELENMESİ Ofset baskı mürekkeplerinin üretimi sırasında yapılan fiziksel testler mürekkebin baskı sırasındaki performansı ile doğrudan ilgilidir. Mürekkep standardındaki bir sapma baskı sırasında baskı altı malzemesiyle uyumsuzluklara, su mürekkep dengesizliğine kısacası büyük problemlere sebep olabilmekte, baskı operatörleri de bu problemlerin çözümünde çaresiz kalabilmektedir. Bu projede ofset baskı mürekkeplerine fiziksel testlerin nasıl yapılacağı ayrıntılarıyla anlatılmış, uygulamalı olarak yapılmış ve testlerin yapımı sırasında hata yapılaması için alınabilecek tedbirler belirtilmiştir.Çalışmada fiziksel testlerin yapımı sırasında izlenilecek yol maddelerle anlatılmıştır. Cold-set, heat-set, sheet-fed mürekkep çeşitlerinin öncelikli olarak yaş numunelerine vizkozite ölçümü ve sıçratma testi, tack ölçümü yapılmıştır. Bu mürekkepler ile prüfbau test baskı cihazında baskıları alınmış, bu baskılara densite, parlaklık, ışık haslığı ölçümü, sürtünme testi yapılarak pigmet yapılarına ve yağ yapılarına göre farklı olan mürekkepler karşılaştırılmıştır. Baskıları yapılan ve pigment yapılarına göre karşılaştırılan mürekkepler verimlilik, parlaklık açısından karşılaştırılmış ve mürekkebin yapısal farklılıkların ne gibi sonuçlar getirdiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.ABSTRACTTHE APPLIED INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYSICAL TESTS OF THE OFFSET PRINTING INKDuring the production of offset printing inks, performed physical tests are directly related with the performance of inks during the printing process. A deviation from the standard printing ink can cause major problems like ink-substrate incompatibilities, ink-water imbalances, etc. In the solution of this problems printing operators may be helpless.In this Project, How to do physical tests of offset printing inks have been described in detail, and tests have been applied and measures can be taken to not make mistakes during tests have been indicated.In this study, itineraries during the performing tests have been described. Primarily, viscosity measurement, tack measurement and splash test were made with the samples of cold-set, heat-set and sheet-fed offset printing inks. Test prints of theese ink samples were printed on the printing test equipment. Density, gloss/brightness, light fastness, lab measurements and friction test were made to the test prints, and so different inks according the their pigment and oil structures were compared. And also theese test prints and ink samples were compared in terms of efficiency and brightness. Eventually, structural differencies of offset printing inks are what make as a result has been uncovered

Ofset baskı mürekkeplerine yapılan fiziksel testlerin uygulamalı incelenmesi

OFSET BASKI MÜREKKEPLERİNE YAPILAN FİZİKSEL TESTLERİN UYGULAMALI İNCELENMESİ Ofset baskı mürekkeplerinin üretimi sırasında yapılan fiziksel testler mürekkebin baskı sırasındaki performansı ile doğrudan ilgilidir. Mürekkep standardındaki bir sapma baskı sırasında baskı altı malzemesiyle uyumsuzluklara, su mürekkep dengesizliğine kısacası büyük problemlere sebep olabilmekte, baskı operatörleri de bu problemlerin çözümünde çaresiz kalabilmektedir. Bu projede ofset baskı mürekkeplerine fiziksel testlerin nasıl yapılacağı ayrıntılarıyla anlatılmış, uygulamalı olarak yapılmış ve testlerin yapımı sırasında hata yapılaması için alınabilecek tedbirler belirtilmiştir. Çalışmada fiziksel testlerin yapımı sırasında izlenilecek yol maddelerle anlatılmıştır. Cold-set, heat-set, sheet-fed mürekkep çeşitlerinin öncelikli olarak yaş numunelerine vizkozite ölçümü ve sıçratma testi, tack ölçümü yapılmıştır. Bu mürekkepler ile prüfbau test baskı cihazında baskıları alınmış, bu baskılara densite, parlaklık, ışık haslığı ölçümü, sürtünme testi yapılarak pigmet yapılarına ve yağ yapılarına göre farklı olan mürekkepler karşılaştırılmıştır. Baskıları yapılan ve pigment yapılarına göre karşılaştırılan mürekkepler verimlilik, parlaklık açısından karşılaştırılmış ve mürekkebin yapısal farklılıkların ne gibi sonuçlar getirdiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. ABSTRACT THE APPLIED INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYSICAL TESTS OF THE OFFSET PRINTING INK During the production of offset printing inks, performed physical tests are directly related with the performance of inks during the printing process. A deviation from the standard printing ink can cause major problems like ink-substrate incompatibilities, ink-water imbalances, etc. In the solution of this problems printing operators may be helpless. In this Project, How to do physical tests of offset printing inks have been described in detail, and tests have been applied and measures can be taken to not make mistakes during tests have been indicated. In this study, itineraries during the performing tests have been described. Primarily, viscosity measurement, tack measurement and splash test were made with the samples of cold-set, heat-set and sheet-fed offset printing inks. Test prints of theese ink samples were printed on the printing test equipment. Density, gloss/brightness, light fastness, lab measurements and friction test were made to the test prints, and so different inks according the their pigment and oil structures were compared. And also theese test prints and ink samples were compared in terms of efficiency and brightness. Eventually, structural differencies of offset printing inks are what make as a result has been uncovered

Education of healthcare personnel working with pediatric patients during covid-19 pandemic within the framework of infection control Covid-19 pandemisinde enfeksiyon kontrol çalışmaları çerçevesinde çocuk hastalarla çalışan sağlık personeli eğitimi

© 2020, AVES. All rights reserved.Objective: In the early stages of any epidemic caused by new emerging pathogens healthcare personnel is subject to a great risk. Pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, proved to be no exception. Many healthcare workers died in the early stages of pandemic due to inadequate precautions and insufficient protection. It is essential to protect and maintain the safety of healthcare personnel for the confinement of pandemic as well as continuity of qualified healthcare services which is already under strain. Educating healthcare personnel on appropiate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is as essential as procuring them. Material and Methods: A survey is conducted on 4927 healthcare personnel working solely with pediatric patients from 32 different centers. Education given on PPE usage were questioned and analyzed depending on age, sex, occupation and region. Results: Among four thousand nine hundred twelve healthcare personnel from 32 different centers 91% (n= 4457) received education on PPE usage. Of those who received education only 36% was given both theoretical and applied education. Although there was no differences among different occupation groups, receiving education depended on regions. Conclusion: It is essential to educate healthcare personnel appropiately nationwidely for the continuity of qualified healthcare services during the pandemic

SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among pediatric health care personnel just after the first peak of pandemic: A nationwide surveillance.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic affected every single person on earth one way or the other. The healthcare personnel were no exception, their responsibilities as well as their risks being immense. METHODS: 4927 healthcare personnel all working in pediatric units at 32 hospitals from seven different regions of Turkey enrolled to the study to determine the seroprevalence of SARS Co-V-2 after the first peak wave. Point of care serologic lateral flow rapid test kit for IgM/IgG was used (Ecotest CE Assure Tech. Co. Ltd.). Seroprevalence and its association with demographic characteristics and possible risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Nearly 6.1% of healthcare personnel were found to be seropositive for SARS Co-V- 2. Seropositivity was more common among those who did not universally wear protective masks (10.6% vs 6.1%). Having a COVID-19 co-worker increased the likelihood of infection. The least and the most experienced personnel affected more. Most of the seropositive healthcare personnel (68%) did not have any suspicion that they had COVID-19 previously. CONCLUSIONS: Health surveillance for healthcare personnel involving routine point-of-care nucleic acid testing as well as monitoring PPE adherence would be important strategies to protect healthcare personnel from COVID-19 and to reduce nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 transmission

Evaluation of vaccination status of health care workers for recommended vaccines and their acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

© 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Introduction: Health care workers (HCWs) are disproportionately exposed to infectious diseases and play a role in nosocomial transmission, making them a key demographic for vaccination. HCW vaccination rates are not optimal in many countries; hence, compulsory vaccination policies have been implemented in some countries. Although these policies are effective and necessary under certain conditions, resolving HCWs’ hesitancies and misconceptions about vaccines is crucial. HCWs have the advantage of direct contact with patients; hence, they can respond to safety concerns, explain the benefits of vaccination, and counter antivaccine campaigns that escalate during pandemics, as has been observed with COVID-19. Method: A short survey was carried out in May–June 2020 on the vaccination status of HCWs working with pediatric patients with COVID-19. The survey inquired about their vaccination status (mumps/measles/rubella [MMR], varicella, influenza, and diphtheria/tetanus [dT]) and willingness to receive hypothetical future COVID-19 vaccines. The respondents were grouped according to gender, age, occupation, and region. Results: In total, 4927 HCWs responded to the survey. Most were young, healthy adults. The overall vaccination rates were 57.8% for dT in the past 10 years, 44.5% for MMR, 33.2% for varicella, and 13.5% for influenza. Vaccination rates were the highest among physicians. The majority of HCWs (81%) stated that they would be willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: Although vaccination rates for well-established vaccines were low, a majority of HCWs were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines when available. Education and administrative trust should be enhanced to increase vaccination rates among HCWs