73 research outputs found

    Countermeasures Against Teacher Problems Arising from the Restructuring of Vocational High Schools

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœํŽธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ต์› ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•จ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์›์˜ ์ธ๋ ฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด์ œ์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ฐœํŽธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ, ๊ฐœํŽธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ๋ฐ ์ถ”์ง„ ์ „๋ง์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœํŽธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ต์›์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์ง„๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋„ท์งธ, ์„ ์ง„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์› ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์„ฏ์งธ, ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœํŽธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ต์› ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ํ˜„ ์ธ๋ ฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”์™€ ๊ต์› ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœํŽธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค.Vocational high schools, which have played central roles in secondary vocational education, are faced with several challenges due to the rapidly changing environmental conditions. For this reason, government and schools have made efforts for coping with these challenges and have considered restructuring the vocational high school educational system. However, it has been anticipated that these efforts will cause several problems in the teaching staff of vocational high school. This study was intended to develop comprehensive countermeasures against teacher problems due to restructuring the educational system of vocational high schools. Various research methods were used for accomplishing this study. Extensive literature and statistical data were collected and reviewed. A panel of expert committee was held several times in order to discuss and search the directions of reconstructing vocational high schools and the solutions to cope with the possible challenges in vocational high school teachers. The panel consisted of members in the Ministry of Education and the Offices of Education, vocational high school teachers, professors, and researchers. Survey with the questionnaires were conducted, which subjects were members in the Offices of Education, the principals and teachers in the vocational high schools. The results of this study were as follows: First, many vocational high schools have considered or planed for restructuring the educational and departmental systems. As a result, it was expected to produce the surplus teachers. Specially, it was expected that many surplus teachers would appear in the business information, the plant resources and landscape architecture, the chemical industry, and the textiles. Therefore, the alternatives through the reducing the student number a class, the in-service training, the generating of the new demands, the flexible managing of curriculum, and the interchange of personnel should be considered for the surplus teachers. However, when these alternatives are considered, it is essential to reflect independency, flexibility, the improvement of the vocational education's conditions into positively coping with the problems of the surplus teachers. Second, it was expected that beginning teachers in new fields are insufficient because vocational high schools have considered or planed for establishing the new departments which don't exist until now. Specially, it was expected that these new departments such fields as computer, internet, or information would increase while existing traditional departments are decreasing due to the industrial society's change. Accordingly, the following countermeasures should be considered: to hire the experienced workers in industry at principal's discretion; for the Superintendent to grant and hire the (assistant) teacher qualifications after recommendation of principal; to grant and hire the (assistant) teacher qualifications through the prescribed judgment; to grant the new teacher qualifications after in-service training; to utilize the training teachers of related subjects, etc. Third, the alternatives, which make the current teacher management system flexible and actual, should be developed for coping with the reformation of vocational high schools and for improving the management system of vocational high school teachers. Finally, the countermeasures against teacher problems are sensitive issues, on which the understanding relationship is concentrated. Therefore, it is essential for enough discussions, examinations and social agreements on the short-term policy measure as the deficit teachers and the long-term policy measures as the management system. Based upon the results of this study, the researchers make some recommendations for policy execution and further research.์—ฐ๊ตฌ์š”์•ฝ โ… . ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 3 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  5 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ 5 4. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 6 5. ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ 17 6. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ œํ•œ 18 โ…ก. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์›์˜ ์‹คํƒœ 19 1. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์›์˜ ์ธ๋ ฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ 21 2. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์›์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด์ œ 51 โ…ข. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœํŽธ์˜ ์ถ”์ง„ ์ „๋ง๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ 85 1. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœํŽธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 87 2. ๊ต์œก๋ถ€์˜ ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ฐœํŽธ ์ •์ฑ… 103 3. ์‹œยท๋„ ๊ต์œก์ฒญ ๋ฐ ์ผ์„  ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์˜ ์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœํŽธ ๊ณ„ํš 128 4. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ฐœํŽธ์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ ๋ฐ ์ถ”์ง„ ์ „๋ง 169 โ…ฃ. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ฐœํŽธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ต์›์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  181 1. ์ธ๋ ฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  183 2. ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด์ œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  193 โ…ค. ์„ ์ง„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์› ์ฒด์ œ 209 1. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ 211 2. ์˜๊ตญ 222 3. ๋…์ผ 230 4. ์ผ๋ณธ 238 5. ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  244 โ…ฅ. ์‹ค์—…๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ ๊ฐœํŽธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ต์›๋Œ€์ฑ… ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 249 1. ๊ณผ์› ๊ต์› ๋Œ€์ฑ… 251 2. ๋ถ€์กฑ ๊ต์›/์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ต์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ฑ… 280 3. ๊ต์› ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ฒด์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„  283 โ…ฆ. ๊ฒฐ๋ก , ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 315 1. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋…ผ์˜ 317 2. ์ œ์–ธ 319 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 323 Abstract 329 ๋ถ€๋ก 33

    Analysis of the National Core Curriculum on Key Competencies Needed for the Workforce

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ฃผ๋œ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ผ์˜ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.It is absolutely clear that the world is fast changing in terms of technology and information. Countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Germany and New Zealand have taken a leading role in this developments and they have succeeded due to the fact that they have put more efforts on utilizing human resources. In order to prepare the workforce for the future in this respect, we need to put more emphasis on human resources that we have. The purpose of this study was to determine the key competencies required for the workforce to be successful, to analyze the National Core Curriculum (designed for grades one through ten) with respect to the key competencies, and to suggest a model for integrating those skills into the school systems. The key competencies were defined as the abilities that include the essential knowledge, skills, attitude, and experiences required for the workforce. This study was conducted through reviewing available literature, interviewing and surveying subjects about key competencies by using the questionnaire, surveying curriculum experts with the mailed-questionnaire and analyzing the National Core Curriculum, as well as following the expert panel's recommendations. It was concluded that there were nine key competencies which were essentially required for the workforce in twenty-two sectors of industry across the country. Those were communication, numeracy, problem solving, self-management and development, resource use, human relationship, information, technology, and organizational skills. It was also concluded that the National Core Curriculum has been actually integrated with the vocational key skills. On these skills, the Korean Language subject has emphasized in communication, self-management and development, and problem solving skills, while Civic subject had more emphasis on self-management and development, human relationship, and problem solving skills. Social Studies subject concentrated more on information, organization understanding, and problem solving skills, while Mathematics subject focused on numeracy and problem solving skills. Science subject had more emphasis on problem solving, information, and technology skills, while Practical Arts subject(Technology and Home Economics) had more on technology, resources use, self-management and development. Physical Education subject concentrated more on self-management and development, technology, and communication skills, Music subject more on problem solving and communication skills, Fine Arts subject more communication and numeracy skills, while English subject had more concentration on communication and numeracy skills. A method for infusing those key competencies into the curriculum was developed. The model consisted of basic concepts, objectives, contents and strategies for teaching and learning. The infusing strategies were also laid down in the following order: Firstly, development of the curriculum, secondly the publication of the textbooks and thirdly overseeing that they are taught and learned in schools.์š”์•ฝ I. ์„œ๋ก  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 3 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  4 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ 5 4. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 6 ๊ฐ€. ๋ฌธํ—Œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 6 ๋‚˜. ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 7 ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„ 7 ๋ผ. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํ˜‘์˜ํšŒ 8 5. ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ์ •์˜ 10 ๊ฐ€. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 10 ๋‚˜. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • 11 6. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ œํ•œ 11 II . ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋™ํ–ฅ 13 1. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 15 2. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์—์˜ ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€ 20 ๊ฐ€. ๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€ 21 ๋‚˜. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€ 24 ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ•์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ 31 3. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 37 ๊ฐ€. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ 37 ๋‚˜. ์˜๊ตญ 65 ๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ์ฃผ 85 ๋ผ. ๋…์ผ 104 ๋งˆ. ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ 114 ๋ฐ”. ํ•œ๊ตญ 126 III. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ํ•˜์œ„์š”์†Œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 13 1 1. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์‹œ์•ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 133 ๊ฐ€. ์‹œ์•ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 133 ๋‚˜. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์‹œ์•ˆ 139 2. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์‹œ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅ์กฐ์‚ฌ 145 ๊ฐ€. ํ˜„์žฅ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 145 ๋‚˜. ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 150 3. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ตœ์ข…์•ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ 168 ๊ฐ€. ์ตœ์ข…์•ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 168 ๋‚˜. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ตœ์ข…์•ˆ 173 IV . ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ถ„์„ 185 1. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ถ„์„ 188 ๊ฐ€. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 188 ๋‚˜. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๋‚ด์šฉ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 192 2. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ 205 ๊ฐ€. ์˜๊ฒฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 205 ๋‚˜. ์˜๊ฒฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 206 3. ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ ๋ฐ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  233 ๊ฐ€. ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์‹คํƒœ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ 233 ๋‚˜. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  240 V . ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 247 1. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 249 ๊ฐ€. ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 249 ๋‚˜. ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 254 ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 257 ๋ผ. ์ž๊ธฐ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 261 ๋งˆ. ์ž์›ํ™œ์šฉ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 266 ๋ฐ”. ๋Œ€์ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 269 ์‚ฌ. ์ •๋ณด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 275 ์•„. ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 279 ์ž. ์กฐ์ง์ดํ•ด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ 282 2. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ์ „๋žต 286 ๊ฐ€. ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‹œ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ „๋žต 286 ๋‚˜. ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์‹œ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ „๋žต 289 ๋‹ค. ๊ต์ˆ˜- ํ•™์Šต๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์ „๋žต 291 3. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์˜ 293 ๊ฐ€. ์ธ์‹ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์› 294 ๋‚˜. ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜- ํ•™์Šต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์ง€์› 295 ๋‹ค. ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์› 295 ๋ผ. ๋ฒ•์ ยท์ œ๋„์  ์ง€์› 297 VI. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์ œ์–ธ 299 1. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  301 2. ์ œ์–ธ 303 ๊ฐ€. ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 303 ๋‚˜. ์ •์ฑ…์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ 304 ๋‹ค. ํ™œ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 306 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 307 Abstract 313 ๋ถ€๋ก 317 ๋ถ€๋ก 1. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ถ”์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€(๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์šฉ) 319 ๋ถ€๋ก 2. ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ถ”์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€(๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ์šฉ) 325 ๋ถ€๋ก 3. ์ œ7์ฐจ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…๋‹จ 331 ๋ถ€๋ก 4. ์ œ7์ฐจ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ง์—…๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ง€ 33
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