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    ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜์— ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์  ๊ด€์ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ Q ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก  ๋ถ„์„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ํ–‰์ •๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—…์ •์ฑ…ํ•™๊ณผ, 2022. 8. ์ •๊ด‘ํ˜ธ.This study started by examining various social controversies and issues surrounding the โ€˜Policy for Conversion of Temporary Workers in the Public Sector to Regular Workersโ€™ has been implemented by the government since 2017. In addition, the international situation and the flow of domestic history related to temporary workers, the current status of discussions about temporary workers, and the reality of temporary workers were checked in detail. Most of the existing studies started from the perspective of a third party, but this study tried to derive new implications and hypotheses by exploring hidden perceptions from the perspective of the person concerned. For this purpose, the direct opinions and hidden voices of individual members were explored, not the voices represented by the media or unions, through the use of Q-Methodology, which quantitatively analyzes the subjective domain of human beings. In collecting the statements, this study tried not to manipulate the results but to exclude deception. Unstructured samples were used to collect a free and broad perspective. As a result, 34 statements were collected through various literature data, anonymous bulletin boards, online communities, and preliminary interviews with public institution workers. For this study's subjects, not the general public but policy targets which workers of the relevant policy implementation agency were selected. To prevent bias in the research subject and to secure inclusiveness in the general perception, the groups with the same condition were set for โ€˜workers who joined as regular workers through open recruitmentโ€™ and โ€˜workers who were converted from temporary workers to regular workersโ€™. A total of 32 people were included in the study, considering the type of employment, gender, age, and marital status at the same rate. As a result of the study, it was possible to find four types of perceptions, which were distinguished in terms of policy acceptability, major concerns, improvement requirements, and tendencies related to the conversion policy to regular workers. The first type; โ€œpragmatic, realistic Individualismโ€ is the type that pursues personal interests and happiness. If the ripple effect of the policy does not lead to a downward leveling of wages and welfare, the acceptance of the policy is high. For this type, โ€˜appropriate compensation for performanceโ€™ should be institutionally supported. Laws and systems need to be improved so that the hiring practices of expedient temporary workers can be improved. The second type; โ€œjustifiable, self-achievement, Ascriptionโ€ is the type that shows best the effect of the policy related to the conversion policy to regular workers. They consider achievements such as status or honor important. So it was found that job self-esteem is increased just by granting the status of a full-time employee, even if it was not accompanied by a salary increase. For this type, โ€˜systematic job education and trainingโ€™ is necessary. And follow-up management is necessary so that public enterprise can play a practical role in achieving social goals. The third type; โ€œsatisfied, relationship-oriented, Affectiveโ€ is the type that emphasizes mutual relationships between colleagues. They value the camaraderie they feel at the actual work site rather than the outward standing, in addition, have a great desire for relationships and communication. So โ€˜appropriate communication activities and personnel arrangement according to their inclinationsโ€™ are necessary that leads their characters can be induced into work performance. The fourth type; โ€œadaptive, broad perspective Universalismโ€ is the type that adapts to policies and their influences but thinks and reacts from a broad view. They are concerned about the continuation and diffusion of policies and worried about the reduction of new hires. โ€˜Inspection and response through follow-up monitoringโ€™ is necessary so that the policy of converting regular workers is a direction rather than a one-time event. As described above, policies were suggested for each of the four types of perception discovered through the research. And five policy hypotheses were presented based on the perceptions discovered during the research process. In addition, four additional research hypotheses were presented by reflecting the characteristics of the study subjects that are distinguished by type. This study tried to find implications by examining the types of perceptions from the point of view of the policy target. By trying to gain insight into the policy, wanted to find the human resource management strategies to be added to public institutions that have completed the implementation of the conversion policy to regular workers. Despite the many limitations of the study, it is expected that this study will serve as a stepping stone for the expansion of new research, and it is hoped that it will contribute in part to adjusting the direction of policy implementation.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2017๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ฃผ๋„๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ โ€˜๊ณต๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฌธ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์˜ ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ…โ€™์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋˜ ๊ฐ์ข… ๋…ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ์Ÿ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ •์„ธ์™€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„, ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ œ3์ž์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ์‹์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ์˜์—ญ์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” Q ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก (Q-Methodology)์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ์–ธ๋ก ์ด๋‚˜ ๋…ธ์กฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋Œ€๋ณ€๋˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์› ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜๊ฒฌ๊ณผ ์ˆจ์€ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋ฌธ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฌ์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์œ„์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ  ํญ๋„“์€ ๊ด€์ ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๋น„๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ํ‘œ๋ณธ(unstructured sample)์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ต๋ช…์˜ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ, ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ, ๊ณต๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ 34๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง„์ˆ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ๋Œ€์ค‘์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ •์ฑ… ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •์ฑ… ์ดํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์˜ ํŽธ์ค‘์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณดํŽธ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์—์„œ ํฌ๊ด„์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž โ€˜๊ณต์ฑ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๊ทœ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ทผ๋กœ์žโ€™์™€ โ€˜๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์—์„œ ์ •๊ทœ์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋œ ๊ทผ๋กœ์žโ€™์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž…์‚ฌ ์œ ํ˜•, ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ์ƒํƒœ๋ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 32๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋„, ์ฃผ์š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ, ๊ฐœ์„  ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ, ์„ฑํ–ฅ ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, โ€œ์‹ค์†ํ˜•, ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜ํ˜• ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฃผ์˜โ€ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ด์ต๊ณผ ํ–‰๋ณต์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์—ฌ์™€ ๋ณต์ง€์˜ ํ•˜ํ–ฅ ํ‰์ค€ํ™”๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ํŽธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ๋Š” โ€˜์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ •ํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒโ€™์ด ์ œ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ํŽธ๋ฒ•์  ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์˜ ์ฑ„์šฉ ๊ด€ํ–‰์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ œ๋„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, โ€œ๋Œ€์˜๋ช…๋ถ„ํ˜•, ์ž์•„์„ฑ์ทจํ˜• ๊ท€์†์ฃผ์˜โ€ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€์œ„๋‚˜ ๋ช…์˜ˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ท€์†์  ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ธ‰์—ฌ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ •๊ทœ์ง์˜ ์‹ ๋ถ„ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์—…๋ฌด์  ์ž์กด๊ฐ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ๋Š” โ€˜์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ง๋ฌด๊ต์œก ๋ฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จโ€™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹ค์งˆ์  ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‚ฌํ›„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, โ€œ๋งŒ์กฑํ˜•, ๊ด€๊ณ„์ง€ํ–ฅํ˜• ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ฃผ์˜โ€ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•์ด๋‹ค. ์†Œ์œ„ ๊ฒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช…๋ถ„๊ณผ ํฌ์žฅ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๊ทผ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ์• ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฉฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์—…๋ฌด์  ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋กœ ์œ ๋„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก โ€˜์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ํ™œ๋™๊ณผ, ์„ฑํ–ฅ์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜โ€™๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ, โ€œ์ˆœ์‘ํ˜•, ๋„“์€์‹œ์•ผํ˜• ๋ณดํŽธ์ฃผ์˜โ€ ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆœ์‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋„“์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง€์†๊ณผ ํ™•์‚ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค ๋ฐ ์‹ ๊ทœ์ฑ„์šฉ ์ถ•์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์ผํšŒ์„ฑ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก โ€˜ํ›„์† ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‘โ€™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์–ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ธ์‹์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ… ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ๊ด€์ ์˜ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜• ํƒ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด, ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ… ์‹œํ–‰์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ธ์ ์ž์› ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋””๋”ค๋Œ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ฑ… ์ดํ–‰์˜ ์ˆจ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ ์ ๊ฒ€์— ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ชฉ์  4 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 6 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์™€ ๋Œ€์ƒ 6 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 9 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ†  11 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ด๋ก ์  ๋…ผ์˜ 11 1. ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ 11 2. ๊ณต๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฌธ ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง ๊ด€๋ จ ํ•ด์™ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 13 3. ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ… ํ˜„ํ™ฉ 14 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์„ ํ–‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒ€ํ†  19 1. ๋น„์ •๊ทœ์ง์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค ๋ถ„์„ 19 2. ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ์Ÿ์  21 3. ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 23 4. ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ… ์‹œํ–‰ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ฑ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ 24 5. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ฑ 27 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 29 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ Q ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์˜์˜ 29 1. Q ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ 29 2. Q ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์˜ ์ ์šฉ 33 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ 34 1. Q ์ง„์ˆ ๋ฌธ ์„ค๊ณ„ 34 2. P ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ์„ค์ • 47 3. Q ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‹คํ–‰ 50 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ 52 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ถ”์ถœ 52 1. ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์œ ํ˜• ์ถ”์ถœ 52 2. ํ•ฉ์˜์  ์ง„์ˆ ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์  ์ง„์ˆ ๋ฌธ 61 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ํŠน์„ฑ 64 1. ์ œ 1 ์œ ํ˜• (Factor1) โ€˜์‹ค์†ํ˜•, ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜ํ˜•โ€™ 64 2. ์ œ 2 ์œ ํ˜• (Factor2) โ€˜๋Œ€์˜๋ช…๋ถ„ํ˜•, ์ž์•„์„ฑ์ทจํ˜•โ€™ 68 3. ์ œ 3 ์œ ํ˜• (Factor3) โ€˜๋งŒ์กฑํ˜•, ๊ด€๊ณ„์ง€ํ–ฅํ˜•โ€™ 72 4. ์ œ 4 ์œ ํ˜• (Factor4) โ€˜์ˆœ์‘ํ˜•, ๋„“์€์‹œ์•ผํ˜•โ€™ 75 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜• ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„๊ต 80 1. ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ์˜์˜ 80 2. ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ P ํ‘œ๋ณธ ํŠน์„ฑ 82 3. ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ช…๋ช…(Naming) 84 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜ 86 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜• ๋„์ถœ์˜ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์  86 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ จ ์ œ์–ธ 88 1. ์ธ์‹ ์œ ํ˜• ์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ… ์ œ์–ธ 88 2. ์ •๊ทœ์ง ์ „ํ™˜ ์ •์ฑ… ๊ด€๋ จ ์ธ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์„ค ๋„์ถœ 91 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  93 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์š”์•ฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ์˜ 93 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์™€ ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ œ์–ธ 95 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 97 1. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๋ฌธํ—Œ 97 2. ์™ธ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 100 3. ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ 100 ๋ถ€๋ก(์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€) 103 Abstract 107์„

    ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ์œค๋ฆฌ, ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์‚ฌ๋ฒ”๋Œ€ํ•™ ์œค๋ฆฌ๊ต์œก๊ณผ,2020. 2. ๊น€ํ˜•๋ ฌ.๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋กค์Šค(John Rawls)์˜ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ๋„๋•๊ต์œก์  ํ•จ์˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์—ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€๊ด€๋ จ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ ๋‹จ์›์˜ ์„œ์ˆ ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ,ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์™€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ตฌ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณดํŽธ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ(critical literacy)์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ผ์›์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ–์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์„  ๋กค์Šค์˜ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ •์˜๊ด€์˜ ํŠน์ง•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผํ•˜๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ •์˜๊ด€์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ใ€Ž์ •์น˜์  ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ใ€์—์„œ์˜ ๋…ผ์˜์™€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋กค์Šค์˜ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋…ผ์˜๋“ค์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ์œค๋ฆฌ, ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ, ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํƒ๊ตฌ ํ™œ๋™ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๋กค์Šค์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ํ‰๋“ฑ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๋กค์Šค์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ ํƒ๊ตฌ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2009 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์— ์ด์–ด 2015 ๊ฐœ์ • ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋„๋•๊ณผ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ผ์›์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ•จ์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์˜ ํƒ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ์œค๋ฆฌ, ์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ณผ ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋น„์ค‘ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์›์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ์˜๋ฌด์™€ ์ž์„ ์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ๊ณผ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋น„๊ต์™€ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„œ์ˆ ์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ํ•œ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์—์„œ ์ธ๊ถŒ์€ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์˜๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋กค์Šค์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์ด ๋˜๋Š” ใ€Ž์ •์น˜์  ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ใ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ฐ ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์™€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋„๋•๊ณผ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋กค์Šค์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋กค์Šค์˜ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์„ ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ์›์กฐ์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋กค์Šค์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ฃผ์žฅ, ์ฆ‰ ์›์กฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ฒ ์ด์ธ ์™€ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์›์กฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋กค์Šค์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์›์กฐ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฌด์™€ ์ž์„ ์˜ ๊ด€์  ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€์™€๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์„ฑ์›์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋„๋•์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋น„ํŒ์  ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๋กค์Šค์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์™€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์  ์—ญ์‹œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ œ์‹œ๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์˜ํ† ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ถ•์†Œ๋˜๊ณ  ์ „ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ์—ฐ๋Œ€์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๋Œ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์œผ๋กœ์„œ๋„ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋กค์Šค์˜ ๊ด€์ ๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€์ ์ด ๋” ์ ์ ˆํ•œ์ง€ ํ˜น์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋น„ํŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ์„ธ์›Œ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ์›์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๊ตญ์ œ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„ํŒ์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.Based on a critical review of Rawlss The Law of Peoples (LP), this study aims to propose its implications for ethics education. In LP, Rawls offers a political conception of international justice beyond the individual state by extending his theory for domestic justice as fairness represented in Political Liberalism. In particular, he provides a modified view of a hypothetical contract device whereby the contracting parties are representatives of peoples who can choose the fundamental principles and norms of international law and practice. Rawlss LP has received much criticism for its key assumptions that the parties who choose principles of global justice are not individuals but peoples (i.e., the inadequate use of the term peoples) and that members living in well-ordered societies do not owe to the members of other societies the same sort of justice that they owe to one another (i.e., an anti-cosmopolitan stance). In the light of such criticism, this study analyzes how Rawlss discussions on international justice elaborated in LP are interpreted in high school Life and Ethics and Ethics and Thought textbooks. On the basis of the textbook analyses, this study also suggests the ways in which Rawls central ideas in LP and its criticism, including Rawlss support for basic human rights, the debates between internationalism and cosmopolitanism, can be best utilized in high school ethics textbooks. In doing so, it ultimately argues that Rawlss work on LP should be incorporated in secondary ethics curricular in a way that it can foster students ability to appreciate universal values shared in a global community and to critically engage in global issues and phenomena.์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ๋ก  1 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 1 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 4 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 4 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 8 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ใ€Ž์ •์น˜์  ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ใ€ 9 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ํฌ๊ด„์  ์ •์˜๊ด€์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์ •์˜๊ด€ 9 1. ์ •์น˜์  ์ •์˜๊ด€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… 11 2. ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•œ ๋‹ค์›์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค 13 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์ค‘์ฒฉ์  ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ์ •์˜๊ด€์˜ ๋„์ถœ 17 1. ์ •์น˜์  ์ •์˜๊ด€์˜ ๊ณต์  ์ •๋‹นํ™” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ค‘์ฒฉ์  ํ•ฉ์˜ 17 2. ์ค‘์ฒฉ์  ํ•ฉ์˜์™€ ๊ณต์  ์ด์„ฑ 20 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ์ •์น˜์  ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์งˆ์„œ์ •์—ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ 22 1. ์งˆ์„œ์ •์—ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋… 22 2. ์งˆ์„œ์ •์—ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ 23 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ •์˜๊ด€ 26 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ์ด์ƒ์  ์ด๋ก  26 1. ์ž์œ ์  ๋งŒ๋ฏผ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด 26 2. ๋น„์ž์œ ์  ๋งŒ๋ฏผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ™•์žฅ 33 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ๋น„์ด์ƒ์  ์ด๋ก  36 1. ๋ฌด๋ฒ•๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ •์˜์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์›์น™ 37 2. ๊ณ ํ†ต ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์›์กฐ์˜ ์˜๋ฌด 42 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ 45 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ๋งŒ๋ฏผ ๊ฐœ๋…์˜ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ 45 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ๊ณผ ์ „ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ์ •์˜ ์‹คํ˜„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์  ์ด๋ก  46 1. ๋ฒ ์ด์ธ ์™€ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ํ‰๋“ฑ์ฃผ์˜ 46 2. ์„ผ์˜ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ •์˜๊ด€๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ์ •์˜ 52 ์ œ 3 ์ ˆ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฃผ์˜์™€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ 55 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ๋„๋•๊ต์œก์  ์ ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ 58 ์ œ 1 ์ ˆ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ต์œก์  ํ•จ์˜ 60 1. ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ํŠน์ง• 60 2. ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ํ•จ์–‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋„๋•๊ณผ์—์„œ์˜ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€ ํ™œ์šฉ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ 69 ์ œ 2 ์ ˆ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ฑ ํ•จ์–‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๋„๋•๊ณผ์—์„œ์˜ ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€ ํ™œ์šฉ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ 72 1. ใ€Ž๋งŒ๋ฏผ๋ฒ•ใ€์˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๊ฐœ๋… ํ™œ์šฉ 76 2. ํ•ด์™ธ ์›์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋กค์Šค์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์™€์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ ํ™œ์šฉ 86 3. ๊ตญ์ œ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์  ์ดํ•ด ํ™œ์šฉ 97 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  106 ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ 110 Abstract 117Maste

    Self-care behavior and family support of diabetes mellitus patients with hypoglycemia in emergency rooms

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    ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๋„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ, ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์–‘์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก  ๋ฐ ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ์งˆ์ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ธ ํŠธ๋ผ์ด์•ต๊ทค๋ ˆ์ด์…˜(triangulation) ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์ฆ์„ ์ฃผํ˜ธ์†Œ๋กœ ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ ๋‹น๋‡จํ™˜์ž๋กœ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์†Œ์žฌ A ์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์› ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•œ ์ด 31๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์€ 2008๋…„ 3์›” 28์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 6์›” 6์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ค์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋ก๊ฒ€ํ† , ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด 30๋ถ„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ฉด๋‹ด์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๋ฉด๋‹ด๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ, ๊ฐœ๋…, ์˜๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง„์ˆ ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 1. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์œ ๋ณ‘๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ํ‰๊ท  15.75๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น๋‡จ์œ ํ˜•์€ ์ œ2ํ˜• (90.3%)๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ์ด ๋™๋ฐ˜๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 74.2%๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์›์‹œ ํ‰๊ท ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์€ 36.9mg/dl, ๋‹นํ™”ํ˜ˆ์ƒ‰์†Œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” 6.7%๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ 81%์—์„œ ์˜์‹๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์ค‘์ฆ์˜ ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์ฆ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์„ ๋‚ด์›ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 65%์ •๋„์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์˜ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์‹์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  4.70์ (0.68)์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  3.65์ (1.06)์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„ ์ดํ–‰ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ ์˜์—ญ์€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์š”๋ฒ•(4.70์ )์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์˜์—ญ์€ ํ˜ˆ๋‹น๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜์—ญ(2.50์ )์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€์—์„œ ์ •์„œ์  ์ง€์ง€(3.65์ )๊ฐ€ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ง€์ง€(2.18์ )์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3. ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„ ์ด‰์ง„์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€ํ˜•์„ฑ, ์ •๊ธฐ์  ์™ธ๋ž˜์˜ˆ์•ฝ, ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์‘, ์ ˆ์ œ, ์‹ ์ฒด๋ณ€ํ™” ์กฐ๊ธฐ ํŒŒ์•…, ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ ์ž๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ €ํ•ด์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์ธ์‹๋ถ€์กฑ, ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ณผ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ํŒ๋‹จ, ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ œํ•œ, ๋…ธํ™”, ์š•๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ˆ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์ €ํ•˜, ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์˜์กด, ์‚ฌํšŒยทํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์ œ์•ฝ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฐ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ง€์ง€๋ถ€์กฑ, ๋ฌธ๋งน, ์˜๋ฃŒ์ง„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น ๋ฌด๊ฐ์ง€์ฆ, ํ˜ˆ๋‹น๊ธฐ ์—†์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 4. ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€ ์ด‰์ง„์š”์ธ์€ ํ—Œ์‹ ์  ๋Œ๋ด„, ํ™”๋ชฉํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ธ์ง€๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํ•ด์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋น„์ˆ˜์šฉ์ ์ธ ์ž๊ธฐ์ฃผ์žฅ, ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ƒ์‹ค, ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ด€๊ณ„, ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ƒํ™œ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ง€์‹๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ ๋‹น๋‡จํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„์— ์žˆ์–ด ์Šต๊ด€ํ˜•์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ง€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด‰์ง„์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹น๋‡จ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ๊ณผ ์ค‘์ฆ์˜ ์งˆํ™˜๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ œ์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋…ธ์ธ ํŠน์œ ์˜ ์š”์ธ๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋žœ ์œ ๋ณ‘๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ๋“ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ €ํ•ด์š”์ธ์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ง€์ง€์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์ด ํ—Œ์‹ ์  ๋Œ๋ด„์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด‰์ง„์š”์ธ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ํ˜•ํƒœ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์กฑํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์  ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ €ํ•ด์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ์จ ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์œผ๋กœ ์‘๊ธ‰์‹ค์— ๋‚ด์›ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ค‘์ฆ ์งˆํ™˜๋“ค๊ณผ ๋…ธ์ธ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋‹น๋‡จ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ, ๊ฐ€์กฑํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์  ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์„ ๊ต์œก์— ์ฐธ์—ฌ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ, ์ €ํ˜ˆ๋‹น๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์งˆ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋ฐ”์ง€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] This research has attempted to grasp the understanding of self-care behavior and family support of diabetes mellitus patients with hypoglycemia in emergency rooms. Surveys have been used in this research as to determine self-care behavior and family support with interviews as to perform quality analysis on phenomena by adapting the triangulation method. The experimental group consisted of 31 diabetes mellitus patients with hypoglycemia who have visited the emergency room of General Hospital A located in Seoul. The data collection period was from March 28 to June 6 of 2008. Structural survey, medical record review and semi-structural surveys have been adapted together with a 30 minute interview for data collection. Descriptive statistics for variables method has been used for data analysis and the interview was conducted according to category, concept and means. The research results are as follows. 1. The experimental group patients have shown to have been undergoing the disease for 15.75 years with 90.3% of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 74.2% with complication. Average blood sugar level has shown to be 36.9mg/dl, HbAlc level 6.7% and serious illness due to mental change 81% while 65% of the experimental group has had inappropriate diet as the main reason of hypoglycemia. 2. Self-care behavior points have shown to be an average of 4.70 points (0.68) and family support to be an average of 3.65 points (1.06). Medication therapy (4.70) was of the highest preference while glucose control was the least preferred at 2.50 points. As for family support, emotional support (3.65 points) has shown to be higher than physical support (2.18 points). 3. Facilitator factor of self-care behavior were habitual, periodical medical appointments, physical adaption, self-restraint, early determination of physical change, and consciousness upon complication. Barriers factors were lack of recognition of care, subjective judgement of disease process experience, physic al limitations, aging, deterioration of desire control abilities, drug dependence, social & environmental limitation, lack of family support, illiteracy, disbelief on medical team, hypoglycemia unawareness and do not own blood glucose tester. 4. Facilitator factors of family support were devotional care, peaceful family, comfort and acceptance. Meanwhile barriers factors were self-assertion of nonยทacceptance, inefficient family structure, loss of family function, family relation conflict, personal life of family, and lack of family knowledge. Such results have shown that habitual and family support has been the greatest promoting factors of self-care behavior for diabetes mellitus patients with hypoglycemia in emergency rooms. Physical limitations due to complicati on and serious illness, characteristics of the elderly, and subjective judgment of long term disease have shown to be the main factors of barriers. As for family support, devotional care was the most important facilitator factor with family structure and situational factors from various family traits have shown to be the factors for barriers. Therefore, there is a need for intensified situational coping education program in consideration to elderly patients and patients undergoing serious illness. Furthermore, educational programs must be developed as to prevent hypoglycemia and its management. Having family members participate in the education program will contribute in prevention of hypoglycemia and in improving quality of life of patients undergoing diabetes.ope

    ์›๊ฒฉํƒ์‚ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ ์กฐ ํƒ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    ๋ณธ ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์›๊ฒฉํƒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ ์กฐ ํƒ์ง€์™€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐํ˜„์ƒ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ•œ๋ฐ˜๋„ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ํ•ด์—ญ์€ 1995๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์œ ํ•ด์„ฑ ์ ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจํ™”, ๊ด‘์—ญํ™”, ๋งŒ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ๊ด€๊ด‘ ์‚ฐ์—…, ์–ด์—… ๋ฐ ์–‘์‹์—… ๋“ฑ์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒโ€ค๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•œ๋ฐ˜๋„ ํ•ด์—ญ์˜ ์ ์กฐ ๊ฐ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํƒ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์˜ˆ์ธก์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์„ ๋ฐ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ •์  ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์กฐ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ˜„์žฅ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ธ๋ ฅ, ๋น„์šฉ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ์ธก๋ฉด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ ์ฐจ ๊ด‘์—ญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์กฐ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„์„ฑ ๋ฐ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํš๋“๋œ ์›๊ฒฉํƒ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฐ์‹œ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ด‘์—ญ์ ์ธ ํƒ์ง€ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ํƒ์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์  ์‚ฐ์ถœ, ์ ์กฐ ์ข… ๊ตฌ๋ถ„, ์ ์กฐ ์…€ ๋†๋„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ ํš๋“๋œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ, ํด๋กœ๋กœํ•„ ๋†๋„, ์ ์กฐ ์…€ ๋†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Margalefidinium polykrikides ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์€ 570 nm์™€ 680-710 nm ๋ถ€๊ทผ์—์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด Noctiluca scintillans ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์€ ์ฒญ์ƒ‰ ํŒŒ์žฅ๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  580 nm ์ดํ›„์— ๋†’์€ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฐ˜๋„ ๋‚จํ•ด์•ˆ ํ•ด์—ญ์—์„œ ํš๋“๋œ M. polykrikoides ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์˜ ์…€ ๋†๋„์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ ํด๋กœ๋กœํ•„ ๋†๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ํด๋กœ๋กœํ•„ ๋†๋„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์…€ ๋†๋„ ์ถ”์ •์€ ์œ ํšจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์  ์‚ฐ์ถœ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ํ•ด์ƒ‰ ์„ผ์„œ์ธ GOCI ์˜์ƒ๊ณผ ์œก์ƒ ์„ผ์„œ์ธ OLI ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ์œตํ•ฉ๊ณผ ๋ถ„๊ด‘๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์œตํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ GOCI ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ด€์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋˜ ์—ฐ์•ˆ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ ์กฐ์™€ OLI ์˜์ƒ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋˜ ์™ธํ•ด์—ญ์˜ ์ ์กฐ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ํƒ์ง€๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํš๋“์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๊ด‘๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์€ Feature-level๊ณผ rawdata-level๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์ ์€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, feature-level ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ํ•ด์ƒ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๊ณผ๋Œ€์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์—ฐ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋™์ผ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ํš๋“๋œ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์„ผ์„œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์กฐ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋งต์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฅ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๋‹จ์ผ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํƒ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•œ๋ฐ˜๋„ ๋‚จํ•ด์•ˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์—ฐ์•ˆ ํ•ด์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์  ์‚ฐ์ถœ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ผ ์„ผ์„œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ์ข… ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ ์กฐ ํƒ์ง€ ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋„๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. GOCI ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 8๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์˜ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ ์กฐ ์ข… ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ decision tree๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Noctiluca ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์€ 555 nm ํŒŒ์žฅ๋ฐด๋“œ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ด‘๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฐ’๊ณผ FRTD ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค ๊ฐ’์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Prorocentrum donghaiense ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์€ SS ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 6์ข…์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฒญ์ƒ‰๊ณผ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ํŒŒ์žฅ ๋Œ€์—ญ์˜ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ ์กฐ ์ข…์„ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 412 nm์™€ 443 nm ๋ฐด๋“œ์˜ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Case-1๊ณผ Case-2 ํ•ด์—ญ์˜ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. GOCI ์˜์ƒ์„ decision tree์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ถœ๋œ ์˜์—ญ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‹ค์ œ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ decision tree์˜ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ์…€ ๋†๋„๋ฅผ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ดˆ๋ถ„๊ด‘ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํš๋“๋œ M. polykrikoides ์ ์กฐ ์…€ ๋†๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ ์กฐ ํƒ์ง€ ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค์˜ ์ตœ์ ํ™”์™€ ๋ฐด๋“œ ์ƒ๊ด€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์„๋œ ํ›„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ green-to fluorescence ratio (GFR) ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๋ถ„๊ด‘ ์˜์ƒ์— GFR ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, 0.52์˜ R2, 877.98 cells mL-1์˜ RMSE, -18.42 cells mL-1์˜ MBE๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ƒ์„ฑ๋œ ์…€ ๋†๋„ ๋งต์€ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์ ์กฐ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 5,000 cells mL-1 ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์…€ ๋†๋„ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ์ถ”์ •์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ 1998๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2016๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ M. polykrikoides ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ deep neural network model์ธ long short-term memory (LSTM)๋ฅผ sea surface temperature (SST)์™€ photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) ์œ„์„ฑ ์˜์ƒ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2017๋…„๊ณผ 2018๋…„ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์ ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ 2017๋…„์€ 100% ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด 2018๋…„์€ 0.233์˜ RMSE, 94.8%์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๋กœ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์œ„์„ฑ ์˜์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ดˆ๋ถ„๊ด‘ ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์  ์‚ฐ์ถœ, ์ ์กฐ ์ข… ๊ตฌ๋ถ„, ์ ์กฐ ์…€ ๋†๋„ ์ถ”์ •, ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ๋ฉด์  ์‚ฐ์ถœ๊ณผ ์ ์กฐ ์ข… ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์€ ์œ„์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ•ด์ƒ‰ ์„ผ์„œ์™€ ์œก์ƒ ์„ผ์„œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ํšจํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ ์กฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์œ„์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ SST์™€ PAR ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ์ •ํ™•๋„์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ ์…€ ๋†๋„๋Š” ๋†’์€ ๋ถ„๊ด‘ ํ•ด์ƒ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์ดˆ๋ถ„๊ด‘ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€ ์ ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ์ง€ํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์›๊ฒฉํƒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background Necessity 1 1.1.1 Red tide blooms 1 1.1.2 Red tide monitoring system 3 1.1.3 Satellite-based red tide detection indexes 5 1.1.4 Satellite-based classification of red tide species 10 1.1.5 Red tide cell abundance 11 1.1.6 Environmental factors of red tide occurrence 14 1.2 Objective and scope 15 2. Materials and Methods 17 2.1 Study area 17 2.2 Materials 21 2.2.1 Field survey 21 2.2.2 Satellite image acquisition and processing 23 2.2.3 Hyperspectral image acquisition and processing 28 2.3 Definition of red tide indexes 33 2.4 Methods 35 2.4.1 Image fusion for the extent of red tide blooms 35 2.4.2 Synergistic effect red tide detection using multi-sensor data 38 2.4.3 Quantification of red tide cell abundance 40 2.4.4 Prediction of red tide occurrence 42 3. Results 45 3.1 In situ measurement 45 3.1.1 Magalefidinium polykrikoides 45 3.1.2 Noctiluca scintillans 47 3.2 Visual inspection and spectral analysis 50 3.3 Application of red tide detection indexes 65 3.4 Extent of red tide blooms using satellite imagery 72 3.4.1 Image fusion of GOCI and OLI 72 3.4.2 Synergistic effect of multi-sensor data 79 3.5 Classification of red tide species using GOCI 82 3.5.1 Decision tree for classification of red tide species 82 3.5.2 Application of decision tree 84 3.6 Quantification of red tide bloom using airborne hyperspectral imagery 86 3.6.1 New indexes for quantifying cell abundance 86 3.6.2 Evaluation of new red tide indexes 90 3.6.3 Performance of new indexes using hyperspectral imagery 93 3.7 Early prediction of red tide bloom using a LSTM NN Model 97 3.7.1 Trend in red tide formation 97 3.7.2 Performance results of LSTM prediction network 98 4. Discussions 101 4.1 Chlorophyll concentration and cell abundance 101 4.2 Uncertainty of spectral measurement 102 4.3 Factors affecting satellite-based red tide detection 104 4.4 Performance evaluation of multi-sensor data 108 4.5 Difficulties in red tide classification 110 4.6 Uncertainty of estimating red tide cell abundance 111 4.7 Factors affecting the occurrence of red tide blooms 115 5. Conclusion 118 Appendix. Abbreviation 121 Acknowledgements 125 References 126Docto
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