782 research outputs found
Entanglement assisted random access codes
An (n,m,p) Random Access Code (RAC) allows to encode n bits in an m bit
message, in such a way that a receiver of the message can guess any of the
original bits with probability p, greater than 1/2. In Quantum RAC's
(QRACs) one transmits n qubits. The full set of primitive Entanglement Assisted
Random Access Codes (EARACs) is introduced, in which parties are allowed to
share a two-qubit singlet. It is shown that via a concatenation of these, one
can build for any n an (n,1,p) EARAC. QRAC's for n>3 exist only if parties
additionally share classical randomness (SR). We show that EARACs outperform
the best of known QRACs not only in the success probabilities but also in the
amount of communication needed in the preparatory stage of the protocol. Upper
bounds on the performance of EARACs are given, and shown to limit also QRACs.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, published versio
Experimental observation of four-photon entanglement from down-conversion
We observe polarization-entanglement between four photons produced from a
single down-conversion source. The non-classical correlations between the
measurement results violate a generalized Bell inequality for four qubits. The
characteristic properties and its easy generation with high interferometric
contrast make the observed four-photon state well-suited for implementing
advanced quantum communication schemes such as multi-party quantum key
distribution, secret sharing and telecloning.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Bell Theorem for Nonclassical Part of Quantum Teleportation Process
The quantum teleportation process is composed of a joint measurement
performed upon two subsystems A and B (uncorrelated), followed by a unitary
transformation (parameters of which depend on the outcome of the measurement)
performed upon a third subsystem C (EPR correlated with system B). The
information about the outcome of the measurement is transferred by classical
means. The measurement performed upon the systems A and B collapses their joint
wavefunction into one of the four {\it entangled} Bell states. It is shown here
that this measurement process plus a possible measurement on the third
subsystem (with classical channel switched off - no additional unitary
transformation performed) cannot be described by a local realistic theory.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX, no figure
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for N quNits
In this paper we show the series of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradoxes for
N maximally entangled N-dimensional quantum systems.Comment: 6 page
Self-image after a Catastrophe. Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Jerzy Andrzejewski: Two Polish Testimonies of the Holocaust from the 1940s.
As far as the question of the Holocaust is concerned, the Polish culture is characterised by some peculiar feature. On the one hand, it embraces the texts which quite uncompromisingly describe the Polish role in extermination, noticing a continuum between collective discriminating behaviours of the non-Jewish part of the society and the exterminating activities of the Nazis. Such voices deconstruct narration, in which the Polish majority remains an isolated, bystanding and passive witness of the Holocaust, and demonstrate some forms of participation. On the other hand, the message of this kind does not permeate into social consciousness, does not become known and does not improve the knowledge of the society about itself. The studies of Protest by Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Wielki Tydzień (“Holy Week”) by Jerzy Andrzejewski are used for the description of the mechanism of this “becoming acquainted”. A key role in this mechanism is played by preoccupation with self-image of the group. The Holocaust, to a certain degree, undermined the obviousness of Polish discriminating practices towards Jews. In the awareness of elites there appeared a premonition of other criteria of evaluation of Polish behaviours, going beyond the mentioned practices (a phantasm “eyes of the world”). In the light of such criteria, the attitude towards exterminated Jews proves to be discrediting. At the same time, there appear narrations whose aim is to restore the order of discrimination and the hierarchies connected with it, which comes down to forcing the victims into inferior position—in contrast to the dominating majority—and concealing the knowledge about participation in the crime. Consequently, culture remains in the state of unrest. Unwanted knowledge (and the feeling of guilt) returns and the attempts to become purified by the renewed concealment and repudiation of the awareness of evil always prove unsuccessful. The signs of repudiation are the recurring symptoms and repetitions of the same scenario of denial of never clearly stated accusations
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